Annotation Property: comment

AnnotationProperty: comment
hadPrimarySource ⊆ wasDerivedFromcomment "hadPrimarySource property is a particular case of wasDerivedFrom (see http://www.w3.org/TR/prov-dm/#term-original-source) that aims to give credit to the source that originated some information." ()
wasAttributedTo ⊆ wasInfluencedBycomment "Attribution is a particular case of trace (see http://www.w3.org/TR/prov-dm/#concept-trace), in the sense that it links an entity to the agent that ascribed it." ()definition "IF wasAttributedTo(e2,ag1,aAttr) holds, THEN wasInfluencedBy(e2,ag1) also holds. " ()
wasDerivedFrom ⊆ wasInfluencedBycomment "Derivation is a particular case of trace (see http://www.w3.org/TR/prov-dm/#term-trace), since it links an entity to another entity that contributed to its existence." ()
wasQuotedFrom ⊆ wasDerivedFromcomment "Quotation is a particular case of derivation (see http://www.w3.org/TR/prov-dm/#term-quotation) in which an entity is derived from an original entity by copying, or "quoting", some or all of it. " ()
wasRevisionOf ⊆ wasDerivedFromcomment "Revision is a derivation (see http://www.w3.org/TR/prov-dm/#term-Revision). Moreover, according to http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-constraints-20130430/#term-Revision 23 April 2012 'wasRevisionOf is a strict sub-relation of wasDerivedFrom since two entities e2 and e1 may satisfy wasDerivedFrom(e2,e1) without being a variant of each other.'" ()
hadMember Range Entitycomment "A collection is an entity that provides a structure to some constituents, which are themselves entities. These constituents are said to be member of the collections." (en)dm "http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-collection" ()
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E10_Transfer_of_Custody /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises transfers of physical custody of objects between instances of E39 Actor. The recording of the donor and/or recipient is optional. It is possible that in an instance of E10 Transfer of Custody there is either no donor or no recipient. Depending on the circumstances it may describe: 1. the beginning of custody 2. the end of custody 3. the transfer of custody 4. the receipt of custody from an unknown source 5. the declared loss of an object The distinction between the legal responsibility for custody and the actual physical possession of the object should be expressed using the property P2 has type (is type of). A specific case of transfer of custody is theft. The interpretation of the museum notion of "accession" differs between institutions. The CRM therefore models legal ownership and physical custody separately. Institutions will then model their specific notions of accession and deaccession as combinations of these. Examples: - the delivery of the paintings by Secure Deliveries Inc. to the National Gallery - the return of Picasso's "Guernica" to Madrid's Prado in 1981" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E11_Modification /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises all instances of E7 Activity that create, alter or change E24 Physical Man-Made Thing. This class includes the production of an item from raw materials, and other so far undocumented objects, and the preventive treatment or restoration of an object for conservation. Since the distinction between modification and production is not always clear, modification is regarded as the more generally applicable concept. This implies that some items may be consumed or destroyed in a Modification, and that others may be produced as a result of it. An event should also be documented using E81 Transformation if it results in the destruction of one or more objects and the simultaneous production of others using parts or material from the originals. In this case, the new items have separate identities. If the instance of the E29 Design or Procedure utilised for the modification prescribes the use of specific materials, they should be documented using property P68 foresees use of (use foreseen by): E57 Material of E29 Design or Procedure, rather than via P126 employed (was employed in): E57 Material. Examples: - the construction of the SS Great Britain (E12) - the impregnation of the Vasa warship in Stockholm for preservation after 1956 - the transformation of the Enola Gay into a museum exhibit by the National Air and Space Museum in Washington DC between 1993 and 1995 (E12, E81) - the last renewal of the gold coating of the Toshogu shrine in Nikko, Japan" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E12_Production /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises activities that are designed to, and succeed in, creating one or more new items. It specializes the notion of modification into production. The decision as to whether or not an object is regarded as new is context sensitive. Normally, items are considered "new" if there is no obvious overall similarity between them and the consumed items and material used in their production. In other cases, an item is considered "new" because it becomes relevant to documentation by a modification. For example, the scribbling of a name on a potsherd may make it a voting token. The original potsherd may not be worth documenting, in contrast to the inscribed one. This entity can be collective: the printing of a thousand books, for example, would normally be considered a single event. An event should also be documented using E81 Transformation if it results in the destruction of one or more objects and the simultaneous production of others using parts or material from the originals. In this case, the new items have separate identities and matter is preserved, but identity is not. Examples: - the construction of the SS Great Britain - the first casting from the Little Mermaid at the harbour of Copenhagen - Rembrandt's creating of the seventh state of his etching "Woman sitting half dressed beside a stove", 1658, identified by Bartsch Number 197 (E12,E65,E81)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E13_Attribute_Assignment /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises the actions of making assertions about properties of an object or any relation between two items or concepts. This class allows the documentation of how the respective assignment came about, and whose opinion it was. All the attributes or properties assigned in such an action can also be seen as directly attached to the respective item or concept, possibly as a collection of contradictory values. All cases of properties in this model that are also described indirectly through an action are characterised as "short cuts" of this action. This redundant modelling of two alternative views is preferred because many implementations may have good reasons to model either the action or the short cut, and the relation between both alternatives can be captured by simple rules. In particular, the class describes the actions of people making propositions and statements during certain museum procedures, e.g. the person and date when a condition statement was made, an identifier was assigned, the museum object was measured, etc. Which kinds of such assignments and statements need to be documented explicitly in structures of a schema rather than free text, depends on if this information should be accessible by structured queries. Examples: - the assessment of the current ownership of Martin Doerr's silver cup in February 1997" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E14_Condition_Assessment /* comment "Scope note: This class describes the act of assessing the state of preservation of an object during a particular period. The condition assessment may be carried out by inspection, measurement or through historical research. This class is used to document circumstances of the respective assessment that may be relevant to interpret its quality at a later stage, or to continue research on related documents. Examples: - last year's inspection of humidity damage to the frescos in the St. George chapel in our village" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E15_Identifier_Assignment /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises activities that result in the allocation of an identifier to an instance of E1 CRM Entity. An E15 Identifier Assignment may include the creation of the identifier from multiple constituents, which themselves may be instances of E41 Appellation. The syntax and kinds of constituents to be used may be declared in a rule constituting an instance of E29 Design or Procedure. Examples of such identifiers include Find Numbers, Inventory Numbers, uniform titles in the sense of librarianship and Digital Object Identifiers (DOI). Documenting the act of identifier assignment and deassignment is especially useful when objects change custody or the identification system of an organization is changed. In order to keep track of the identity of things in such cases, it is important to document by whom, when and for what purpose an identifier is assigned to an item. The fact that an identifier is a preferred one for an organisation can be expressed by using the property E1 CRM Entity. P4 has preferred identifier (is preferred identifier of): E42 Identifier. It can better be expressed in a context independent form by assigning a suitable E55 Type, such as "preferred identifier assignment", to the respective instance of E15 Identifier Assignment via the P2 has type property. Examples: - replacement of the inventory number TA959a by GE34604 for a 17th century lament cloth at the Museum Benaki, Athens - assigning the author-uniform title heading "Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 1749-1832.Faust. 1. Theil." for a work (E28) - on June 1, 2001 assigning the personal name heading "Guillaume, de Machaut, ca. 1300-1377" (E42,E82) to Guillaume de Machaut (E21)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E16_Measurement /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises actions measuring physical properties and other values that can be determined by a systematic procedure. Examples include measuring the monetary value of a collection of coins or the running time of a specific video cassette. The E16 Measurement may use simple counting or tools, such as yardsticks or radiation detection devices. The interest is in the method and care applied, so that the reliability of the result may be judged at a later stage, or research continued on the associated documents. The date of the event is important for dimensions, which may change value over time, such as the length of an object subject to shrinkage. Details of methods and devices are best handled as free text, whereas basic techniques such as "carbon 14 dating" should be encoded using P2 has type (is type of:) E55 Type. Examples: - measurement of height of silver cup 232 on the 31st August 1997 - the carbon 14 dating of the "Schoeninger Speer II" in 1996 [an about 400.000 years old Palaeolithic complete wooden spear found in Schoeningen, Niedersachsen, Germany in 1995]" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E17_Type_Assignment /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises the actions of classifying items of whatever kind. Such items include objects, specimens, people, actions and concepts. This class allows for the documentation of the context of classification acts in cases where the value of the classification depends on the personal opinion of the classifier, and the date that the classification was made. This class also encompasses the notion of "determination", i.e. the systematic and molecular identification of a specimen in biology. Examples: - the first classification of object GE34604 as Lament Cloth, October 2nd - the determination of a cactus in Martin Doerr's garden as 'Cereus hildmannianus K.Schumann', July 2003" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E18_Physical_Thing /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises all persistent physical items with a relatively stable form, man-made or natural. Depending on the existence of natural boundaries of such things, the CRM distinguishes the instances of E19 Physical Object from instances of E26 Physical Feature, such as holes, rivers, pieces of land etc. Most instances of E19 Physical Object can be moved (if not too heavy), whereas features are integral to the surrounding matter. The CRM is generally not concerned with amounts of matter in fluid or gaseous states. Examples: - the Cullinan Diamond (E19) - the cave "Ideon Andron" in Crete (E26) - the Mona Lisa (E22)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E19_Physical_Object /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises items of a material nature that are units for documentation and have physical boundaries that separate them completely in an objective way from other objects. The class also includes all aggregates of objects made for functional purposes of whatever kind, independent of physical coherence, such as a set of chessmen. Typically, instances of E19 Physical Object can be moved (if not too heavy). In some contexts, such objects, except for aggregates, are also called "bona fide objects" (Smith & Varzi, 2000, pp.401-420), i.e. naturally defined objects. The decision as to what is documented as a complete item, rather than by its parts or components, may be a purely administrative decision or may be a result of the order in which the item was acquired. Examples: - John Smith - Aphrodite of Milos - the Palace of Knossos - the Cullinan diamond - Apollo 13 at the time of launch" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E1_CRM_Entity /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises all things in the universe of discourse of the CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model. It is an abstract concept providing for three general properties: 1. Identification by name or appellation, and in particular by a preferred identifier 2. Classification by type, allowing further refinement of the specific subclass an instance belongs to 3. Attachment of free text for the expression of anything not captured by formal properties With the exception of E59 Primitive Value, all other classes within the CRM are directly or indirectly specialisations of E1 CRM Entity. Examples: - the earthquake in Lisbon 1755 (E5)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E20_Biological_Object /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises individual items of a material nature, which live, have lived or are natural products of or from living organisms. Artificial objects that incorporate biological elements, such as Victorian butterfly frames, can be documented as both instances of E20 Biological Object and E22 Man-Made Object. Examples: - me - Tut-Ankh-Amun - Boukephalas [Horse of Alexander the Great] - petrified dinosaur excrement PA1906-344" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E21_Person /* comment "Note for SAWS: this includes any human being, named or otherwise" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E21_Person /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises real persons who live or are assumed to have lived. Legendary figures that may have existed, such as Ulysses and King Arthur, fall into this class if the documentation refers to them as historical figures. In cases where doubt exists as to whether several persons are in fact identical, multiple instances can be created and linked to indicate their relationship. The CRM does not propose a specific form to support reasoning about possible identity. Examples: - Tut-Ankh-Amun - Nelson Mandela" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E22_Man-Made_Object /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises physical objects purposely created by human activity. No assumptions are made as to the extent of modification required to justify regarding an object as man-made. For example, an inscribed piece of rock or a preserved butterfly are both regarded as instances of E22 Man-Made Object. Examples: - Mallard (the World's fastest steam engine) - the Portland Vase - the Coliseum" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E24_Physical_Man-Made_Thing /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises all persistent physical items that are purposely created by human activity. This class comprises man-made objects, such as a swords, and man-made features, such as rock art. No assumptions are made as to the extent of modification required to justify regarding an object as man-made. For example, a "cup and ring" carving on bedrock is regarded as instance of E24 Physical Man-Made Thing. Examples: - the Forth Railway Bridge (E22) - the Channel Tunnel (E25) - the Historical Collection of the Museum Benaki in Athens (E78)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E25_Man-Made_Feature /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises physical features that are purposely created by human activity, such as scratches, artificial caves, artificial water channels, etc. No assumptions are made as to the extent of modification required to justify regarding a feature as man-made. For example, rock art or even "cup and ring" carvings on bedrock a regarded as types of E25 Man-Made Feature. Examples: - the Manchester Ship Canal - Michael Jackson's nose following plastic surgery" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E26_Physical_Feature /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises identifiable features that are physically attached in an integral way to particular physical objects. Instances of E26 Physical Feature share many of the attributes of instances of E19 Physical Object. They may have a one-, two- or three-dimensional geometric extent, but there are no natural borders that separate them completely in an objective way from the carrier objects. For example, a doorway is a feature but the door itself, being attached by hinges, is not. Instances of E26 Physical Feature can be features in a narrower sense, such as scratches, holes, reliefs, surface colours, reflection zones in an opal crystal or a density change in a piece of wood. In the wider sense, they are portions of particular objects with partially imaginary borders, such as the core of the Earth, an area of property on the surface of the Earth, a landscape or the head of a contiguous marble statue. They can be measured and dated, and it is sometimes possible to state who or what is or was responsible for them. They cannot be separated from the carrier object, but a segment of the carrier object may be identified (or sometimes removed) carrying the complete feature. This definition coincides with the definition of "fiat objects" (Smith & Varzi, 2000, pp.401-420), with the exception of aggregates of "bona fide objects". Examples: - the temple in Abu Simbel before its removal - Albrecht Duerer's signature on his painting of Charles the Great - the damage to the nose of the Great Sphinx in Giza - Michael Jackson's nose prior to plastic surgery" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E27_Site /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises pieces of land or sea floor. In contrast to the purely geometric notion of E53 Place, this class describes constellations of matter on the surface of the Earth or other celestial body, which can be represented by photographs, paintings and maps. Instances of E27 Site are composed of relatively immobile material items and features in a particular configuration at a particular location. Examples: - the Amazon river basin - Knossos - the Apollo 11 landing site - Heathrow Airport - the submerged harbour of the Minoan settlement of Gournia, Crete" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E28_Conceptual_Object /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises non-material products of our minds and other human produced data that have become objects of a discourse about their identity, circumstances of creation or historical implication. The production of such information may have been supported by the use of technical devices such as cameras or computers. Characteristically, instances of this class are created, invented or thought by someone, and then may be documented or communicated between persons. Instances of E28 Conceptual Object have the ability to exist on more than one particular carrier at the same time, such as paper, electronic signals, marks, audio media, paintings, photos, human memories, etc. They cannot be destroyed. They exist as long as they can be found on at least one carrier or in at least one human memory. Their existence ends when the last carrier and the last memory are lost. Examples: - Beethoven's "Ode an die Freude" (Ode to Joy) (E73) - the definition of "ontology" in the Oxford English Dictionary - the knowledge about the victory at Marathon carried by the famous runner" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E29_Design_or_Procedure /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises documented plans for the execution of actions in order to achieve a result of a specific quality, form or contents. In particular it comprises plans for deliberate human activities that may result in the modification or production of instances of E24 Physical Thing. Instances of E29 Design or Procedure can be structured in parts and sequences or depend on others. This is modelled using P69 is associated with. Designs or procedures can be seen as one of the following: 1. A schema for the activities it describes 2. A schema of the products that result from their application. 3. An independent intellectual product that may have never been applied, such as Leonardo da Vinci's famous plans for flying machines. Because designs or procedures may never be applied or only partially executed, the CRM models a loose relationship between the plan and the respective product. Examples: - the ISO standardatisation procedure - the musical notation of Beethoven's "Ode to Joy" - the architectal drawings for the Kölner Dom in Cologne, Germany - the drawing on the folio 860 of the Codex Atlanticus from Leonardo da Vinci, 1486-1490, kept in the Biblioteca Ambrosiana in Milan" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E2_Temporal_Entity /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises all phenomena, such as the instances of E4 Periods, E5 Events and states, which happen over a limited extent in time. In some contexts, these are also called perdurants. This class is disjoint from E77 Persistent Item. This is an abstract class and has no direct instances. E2 Temporal Entity is specialized into E4 Period, which applies to a particular geographic area (defined with a greater or lesser degree of precision), and E3 Condition State, which applies to instances of E18 Physical Thing. Examples: - Bronze Age (E4) - the earthquake in Lisbon 1755 (E5) - the Peterhof Palace near Saint Petersburg being in ruins from 1944 – 1946 (E3)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E30_Right /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises legal privileges concerning material and immaterial things or their derivatives. These include reproduction and property rights. Examples: - Copyright held by ISO on ISO/CD 21127 - ownership of the "Mona Lisa" by the Louvre" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E31_Document /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises identifiable immaterial items that make propositions about reality. These propositions may be expressed in text, graphics, images, audiograms, videograms or by other similar means. Documentation databases are regarded as a special case of E31 Document. This class should not be confused with the term "document" in Information Technology, which is compatible with E73 Information Object. Examples: - the Encyclopaedia Britannica (E32) - the photo of the Allied Leaders at Yalta published by the UPI, 1945 - the Doomsday Book" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E32_Authority_Document /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises encyclopaedia, thesauri, authority lists and other documents that define terminology or conceptual systems for consistent use. Examples: - Webster's Dictionary - Getty Art and Architecture Thesaurus - CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E33_Linguistic_Object /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises identifiable expressions in natural language or languages. Instances of E33 Linguistic Object can be expressed in many ways: e.g. as written texts, recorded speech or sign language. However, the CRM treats instances of E33 Linguistic Object independently from the medium or method by which they are expressed. Expressions in formal languages, such as computer code or mathematical formulae, are not treated as instances of E33 Linguistic Object by the CRM. These should be modelled as instances of E73 Information Object. The text of an instance of E33 Linguistic Object can be documented in a note by P3 has note: E62 String Examples: - the text of the Ellesmere Chaucer manuscript - the lyrics of the song "Blue Suede Shoes" - the text of the Jabberwocky by Lewis Carroll - the text of "Doktoro Jekyll kaj Sinjoro Hyde" (an Esperanto translation of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E34_Inscription /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises recognisable, short texts attached to instances of E24 Physical Man-Made Thing. The transcription of the text can be documented in a note by P3 has note: E62 String. The alphabet used can be documented by P2 has type: E55 Type. This class does not intend to describe the idiosyncratic characteristics of an individual physical embodiment of an inscription, but the underlying prototype. The physical embodiment is modelled in the CRM as E24 Physical Man-Made Thing. The relationship of a physical copy of a book to the text it contains is modelled using E84 Information Carrier. P128 carries (is carried by): E33 Linguistic Object. Examples: - "keep of the grass" on a sign stuck in the lawn of the quad of Balliol College - Kilroy was here - the text published in Corpus Inscriptionum LatinarumV 895" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E35_Title /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises the names assigned to works, such as texts, artworks or pieces of music. Titles are proper noun phrases or verbal phrases, and should not be confused with generic object names such as "chair", "painting" or "book" (the latter are common nouns that stand for instances of E55 Type). Titles may be assigned by the creator of the work itself, or by a social group. This class also comprises the translations of titles that are used as surrogates for the original titles in different social contexts. Examples: - "The Merchant of Venice" - "Mona Lisa" - "La Pie or The Magpie" - "Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds"" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E36_Visual_Item /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises the intellectual or conceptual aspects of recognisable marks and images. This class does not intend to describe the idiosyncratic characteristics of an individual physical embodiment of a visual item, but the underlying prototype. For example, a mark such as the ICOM logo is generally considered to be the same logo when used on any number of publications. The size, orientation and colour may change, but the logo remains uniquely identifiable. The same is true of images that are reproduced many times. This means that visual items are independent of their physical support. The class E36 Visual Item provides a means of identifying and linking together instances of E24 Physical Man-Made Thing that carry the same visual symbols, marks or images etc. The property P62 depicts (is depicted by) between E24 Physical Man-Made Thing and depicted subjects (E1 CRM Entity) can be regarded as a short-cut of the more fully developed path from E24 Physical Man-Made Thing through P6 shows visual item (is shown by), E36 Visual Item, P138 represents (has representation) to E1CRM Entity, which in addition captures the optical features of the depiction. Examples: - the visual appearance of Monet's "La Pie" (E38) - the Coca-Cola logo (E34) - the Chi-Rho (E37) - the communist red star (E37)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E37_Mark /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises symbols, signs, signatures or short texts applied to instances of E24 Physical Man-Made Thing by arbitrary techniques in order to indicate the creator, owner, dedications, purpose, etc. This class specifically excludes features that have no semantic significance, such as scratches or tool marks. These should be documented as instances of E25 Man-Made Feature. Examples: - Minoan double axe mark - the "copyright sign" - the smiley symbol" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E38_Image /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises distributions of form, tone and colour that may be found on surfaces such as photos, paintings, prints and sculptures or directly on electronic media. The degree to which variations in the distribution of form and colour affect the identity of an instance of E38 Image depends on a given purpose. The original painting of the Mona Lisa in the Louvre may be said to bear the same instance of E38 Image as reproductions in the form of transparencies, postcards, posters or T-shirts, even though they may differ in size and carrier and may vary in tone and colour. The images in a "spot the difference" competition are not the same with respect to their context, however similar they may at first appear. Examples: - the front side of all 20 Frs notes - the image depicted on all reproductions of the Mona Lisa" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E39_Actor /* comment "Note for SAWS: we can use Actor to refer to any living being (not necessarily a person, not necessarily still alive) who is identified/named/referred to within a linguistic object, though we may wish to use a more specific class such as Person, AttributedAuthor, Scribe etc." (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E39_Actor /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises people, either individually or in groups, who have the potential to perform intentional actions for which they can be held responsible. The CRM does not attempt to model the inadvertent actions of such actors. Individual people should be documented as instances of E21 Person, whereas groups should be documented as instances of either E74 Group or its subclass E40 Legal Body. Examples: - London and Continental Railways (E40) - the Governor of the Bank of England in 1975 (E21) - Sir Ian McKellan (E21)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E3_Condition_State /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises the states of objects characterised by a certain condition over a time-span. An instance of this class describes the prevailing physical condition of any material object or feature during a specific E52 Time Span. In general, the time-span for which a certain condition can be asserted may be shorter than the real time-span, for which this condition held. The nature of that condition can be described using P2 has type. For example, the E3 Condition State "condition of the SS Great Britain between 22 September 1846 and 27 August 1847" can be characterized as E55 Type "wrecked". Examples: - the "Amber Room" in Tsarskoje Selo being completely reconstructed from summer 2003 until now - the Peterhof Palace near Saint Petersburg being in ruins from 1944 – 1946 - the state of my turkey in the oven at 14:30 on 25 December, 2002 (P2 has type: E55 Type "still not cooked")" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E40_Legal_Body /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises institutions or groups of people that have obtained a legal recognition as a group and can act collectively as agents. This means that they can perform actions, own property, create or destroy things and can be held collectively responsible for their actions like individual people. The term 'personne morale' is often used for this in French. Examples: - Greenpeace - Paveprime Ltd - the National Museum of Denmark" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E41_Appellation /* comment "Note for SAWS: we can use Appellation to state a person’s name or other name of interest e.g. of a church" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E41_Appellation /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises signs, either meaningful or not, or arrangements of signs following a specific syntax, that are used or can be used to refer to and identify a specific instance of some class or category within a certain context. Instances of E41 Appellation do not identify things by their meaning, even if they happen to have one, but instead by convention, tradition, or agreement. Instances of E41 Appellation are cultural constructs; as such, they have a context, a history, and a use in time and space by some group of users. A given instance of E41 Appellation can have alternative forms, i.e., other instances of E41 Appellation that are always regarded as equivalent independent from the thing it denotes. Specific subclasses of E41 Appellation should be used when instances of E41 Appellation of a characteristic form are used for particular objects. Instances of E49 Time Appellation, for example, which take the form of instances of E50 Date, can be easily recognised. E41 Appellation should not be confused with the act of naming something. Cf. E15 Identifier Assignment Examples: - "Martin" - "the Forth Bridge" - "the Merchant of Venice" (E35) - "Spigelia marilandica (L.) L." [not the species, just the name] - "information science" [not the science itself, but the name through which we refer to it in an English-speaking context] - “安” [Chinese “an”, meaning “peace”]" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E42_Identifier /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises strings or codes assigned to instances of E1 CRM Entity in order to identify them uniquely and permanently within the context of one or more organisations. Such codes are often known as inventory numbers, registration codes, etc. and are typically composed of alphanumeric sequences. The class E42 Identifier is not normally used for machine-generated identifiers used for automated processing unless these are also used by human agents. Examples: - "MM.GE.195" - "13.45.1976" - "OXCMS: 1997.4.1" - ISSN "0041-5278" - ISRC "FIFIN8900116" - Shelf mark "Res 8 P 10" - "Guillaume de Machaut (1300?-1377)" [a controlled personal name heading that follows the French rules]" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E44_Place_Appellation /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises any sort of identifier characteristically used to refer to an E53 Place. Instances of E44 Place Appellation may vary in their degree of precision and their meaning may vary over time - the same instance of E44 Place Appellation may be used to refer to several places, either because of cultural shifts, or because objects used as reference points have moved around. Instances of E44 Place Appellation can be extremely varied in form: postal addresses, instances of E47 Spatial Coordinate, and parts of buildings can all be considered as instances of E44 Place Appellation. Examples: - "Vienna" - "CH-1211, Genève" - "Aquae Sulis Minerva" - "Bath" - "Cambridge" - "the Other Place" - "the City"" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E45_Address /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises identifiers expressed in coding systems for places, such as postal addresses used for mailing. An E45 Address can be considered both as the name of an E53 Place and as an E51 Contact Point for an E39 Actor. This dual aspect is reflected in the multiple inheritance. However, some forms of mailing addresses, such as a postal box, are only instances of E51 Contact Point, since they do not identify any particular Place. These should not be documented as instances of E45 Address. Examples: - 1-29-3 Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 121, Japan - Rue David Dufour 5, CH-1211, Genève" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E46_Section_Definition /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises areas of objects referred to in terms specific to the general geometry or structure of its kind. The 'prow' of the boat, the 'frame' of the picture, the 'front' of the building are all instances of E46 Section Definition. The class highlights the fact that parts of objects can be treated as locations. This holds in particular for features without natural boundaries, such as the "head" of a marble statue made out of one block (cf. E53 Place). In answer to the question 'where is the signature?' one might reply 'on the lower left corner'. (Section Definition is closely related to the term "segment" in Gerstl, P.& Pribbenow, S, 1996 " A conceptual theory of part – whole relations and its applications", Data & Knowledge Engineering 20 305-322, North Holland- Elsevier). Examples: - "the entrance lobby to the Ripley Center" - "the poop deck of H.M.S Victory" - "the Venus de Milo's left buttock" - "left inner side of my box"" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E47_Spatial_Coordinates /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises the textual or numeric information required to locate specific instances of E53 Place within schemes of spatial identification. Coordinates are a specific form of E44 Place Appellation, that is, a means of referring to a particular E53 Place. Coordinates are not restricted to longitude, latitude and altitude. Any regular system of reference that maps onto an E19 Physical Object can be used to generate coordinates. Examples: - "6°5'29"N 45°12'13"W" - "Black queen's bishop 4" [chess coordinate]." (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E48_Place_Name /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises particular and common forms of E44 Place Appellation. Place Names may change their application over time: the name of an E53 Place may change, and a name may be reused for a different E53 Place. Instances of E48 Place Name are typically subject to place name gazetteers. Examples: - "Greece" - "Athens" - "Geneva" - "Lac Léman"" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E49_Time_Appellation /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises all forms of names or codes, such as historical periods, and dates, which are characteristically used to refer to a specific E52 Time-Span. The instances of E49 Time Appellation may vary in their degree of precision, and they may be relative to other time frames, "Before Christ" for example. Instances of E52 Time-Span are often defined by reference to a cultural period or an event e.g. 'the duration of the Ming Dynasty'. Examples: - "Meiji" [Japanese term for a specific time-span] - "1st half of the XX century" - "Quaternary" - "1215 Hegira" [a date in the Islamic calendar] - "Last century"" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E4_Period /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises sets of coherent phenomena or cultural manifestations bounded in time and space. It is the social or physical coherence of these phenomena that identify an E4 Period and not the associated spatio-temporal bounds. These bounds are a mere approximation of the actual process of growth, spread and retreat. Consequently, different periods can overlap and coexist in time and space, such as when a nomadic culture exists in the same area as a sedentary culture. Typically this class is used to describe prehistoric or historic periods such as the "Neolithic Period", the "Ming Dynasty" or the "McCarthy Era". There are however no assumptions about the scale of the associated phenomena. In particular all events are seen as synthetic processes consisting of coherent phenomena. Therefore E4 Period is a superclass of E5 Event. For example, a modern clinical E67 Birth can be seen as both an atomic E5 Event and as an E4 Period that consists of multiple activities performed by multiple instances of E39 Actor. There are two different conceptualisations of 'artistic style', defined either by physical features or by historical context. For example, "Impressionism" can be viewed as a period lasting from approximately 1870 to 1905 during which paintings with particular characteristics were produced by a group of artists that included (among others) Monet, Renoir, Pissarro, Sisley and Degas. Alternatively, it can be regarded as a style applicable to all paintings sharing the characteristics of the works produced by the Impressionist painters, regardless of historical context. The first interpretation is an E4 Period, and the second defines morphological object types that fall under E55 Type. Another specific case of an E4 Period is the set of activities and phenomena associated with a settlement, such as the populated period of Nineveh. Examples: - Jurassic - European Bronze Age - Italian Renaissance - Thirty Years War - Sturm und Drang - Cubism" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E50_Date /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises specific forms of E49 Time Appellation. Dates may vary in their degree of precision. Examples: - "1900" - "4-4-1959" - "19-MAR-1922" - "19640604"" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E51_Contact_Point /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises identifiers employed, or understood, by communication services to direct communications to an instance of E39 Actor. These include E-mail addresses, telephone numbers, post office boxes, Fax numbers, URLs etc. Most postal addresses can be considered both as instances of E44 Place Appellation and E51 Contact Point. In such cases the subclass E45 Address should be used. URLs are addresses used by machines to access another machine through an http request. Since the accessed machine acts on behalf of the E39 Actor providing the machine, URLs are considered as instances of E51 Contact Point to that E39 Actor. Examples: - "+41 22 418 5571" - "weasel@paveprime.com"" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E52_Time-Span /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises abstract temporal extents, in the sense of Galilean physics, having a beginning, an end and a duration. Time Span has no other semantic connotations. Time-Spans are used to define the temporal extent of instances of E4 Period, E5 Event and any other phenomena valid for a certain time. An E52 Time-Span may be identified by one or more instances of E49 Time Appellation. Since our knowledge of history is imperfect, instances of E52 Time-Span can best be considered as approximations of the actual Time-Spans of temporal entities. The properties of E52 Time-Span are intended to allow these approximations to be expressed precisely. An extreme case of approximation, might, for example, define an E52 Time-Span having unknown beginning, end and duration. Used as a common E52 Time-Span for two events, it would nevertheless define them as being simultaneous, even if nothing else was known. Automatic processing and querying of instances of E52 Time-Span is facilitated if data can be parsed into an E61 Time Primitive. Examples: - 1961 - from 12-17-1993 to 12-8-1996 - 14h30 - 16h22 4th July 1945 - 9.30 am 1.1.1999 to 2.00 pm 1.1.1999 - duration of the Ming Dynasty" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E53_Place /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises extents in space, in particular on the surface of the earth, in the pure sense of physics: independent from temporal phenomena and matter. The instances of E53 Place are usually determined by reference to the position of "immobile" objects such as buildings, cities, mountains, rivers, or dedicated geodetic marks. A Place can be determined by combining a frame of reference and a location with respect to this frame. It may be identified by one or more instances of E44 Place Appellation. It is sometimes argued that instances of E53 Place are best identified by global coordinates or absolute reference systems. However, relative references are often more relevant in the context of cultural documentation and tend to be more precise. In particular, we are often interested in position in relation to large, mobile objects, such as ships. For example, the Place at which Nelson died is known with reference to a large mobile object – H.M.S Victory. A resolution of this Place in terms of absolute coordinates would require knowledge of the movements of the vessel and the precise time of death, either of which may be revised, and the result would lack historical and cultural relevance. Any object can serve as a frame of reference for E53 Place determination. The model foresees the notion of a "section" of an E19 Physical Object as a valid E53 Place determination. Examples: - the extent of the UK in the year 2003 - the position of the hallmark on the inside of my wedding ring - the place referred to in the phrase: "Fish collected at three miles north of the confluence of the Arve and the Rhone" - Here -> <-" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E54_Dimension /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises quantifiable properties that can be measured by some calibrated means and can be approximated by values, i.e. points or regions in a mathematical or conceptual space, such as natural or real numbers, RGB values etc. An instance of E54 Dimension represents the true quantity, independent from its numerical approximation, e.g. in inches or in cm. The properties of the class E54 Dimension allow for expressing the numerical approximation of the values of an instance of E54 Dimension. If the true values belong to a non-discrete space, such as spatial distances, it is recommended to record them as approximations by intervals or regions of indeterminacy enclosing the assumed true values. For instance, a length of 5 cm may be recorded as 4.5-5.5 cm, according to the precision of the respective observation. Note, that interoperability of values described in different units depends critically on the representation as value regions. Numerical approximations in archaic instances of E58 Measurement Unit used in historical records should be preserved. Equivalents corresponding to current knowledge should be recorded as additional instances of E54 Dimension as appropriate. Examples: - currency: £26.00 - length: 3.9-4.1 cm - diameter: 26 mm - weight: 150 lbs - density: 0.85 gm/cc - luminescence: 56 ISO lumens - tin content: 0.46 % - taille au garot: 5 hands - calibrated C14 date: 2460-2720 years, etc" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E55_Type /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises concepts denoted by terms from thesauri and controlled vocabularies used to characterize and classify instances of CRM classes. Instances of E55 Type represent concepts in contrast to instances of E41 Appellation which are used to name instances of CRM classes. E55 Type is the CRM's interface to domain specific ontologies and thesauri. These can be represented in the CRM as subclasses of E55 Type, forming hierarchies of terms, i.e. instances of E55 Type linked via P127 has broader term (has narrower term). Such hierarchies may be extended with additional properties. Examples: - weight, length, depth [types of E54 Dimension] - portrait, sketch, animation [types of E38 image] - French, English, German [E56] - excellent, good, poor [types of E3 Condition State] - Ford Model T, chop stick [types of E22 Man-Made Object] - cave, doline, scratch [types of E26 Physical Feature] - poem, short story [types of E33 Linguistic Object] - wedding, earthquake, skirmish [types of E5 Event]" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E56_Language /* comment "Note for SAWS: This represents language in which a material is written - this is put in the TEI header. NB in the TEI header we should use standards for languages, e.g. the more detailed ISO standards at http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/ , so use “http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/iso639-2/grc” for Ancient Greek rather than “Greek”" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E56_Language /* comment "Scope note: This class is a specialization of E55 Type and comprises the natural languages in the sense of concepts. This type is used categorically in the model without reference to instances of it, i.e. the Model does not foresee the description of instances of instances of E56 Language, e.g.: "instances of Mandarin Chinese". It is recommended that internationally or nationally agreed codes and terminology are used to denote instances of E56 Language, such as those defined in ISO 639:1988. Example: el [Greek] - en [English] - eo [Esperanto] - es [Spanish] - fr [French]" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E57_Material /* comment "Scope note: This class is a specialization of E55 Type and comprises the concepts of materials. Instances of E57 Material may denote properties of matter before its use, during its use, and as incorporated in an object, such as ultramarine powder, tempera paste, reinforced concrete. Discrete pieces of raw-materials kept in museums, such as bricks, sheets of fabric, pieces of metal, should be modelled individually in the same way as other objects. Discrete used or processed pieces, such as the stones from Nefer Titi's temple, should be modelled as parts (cf. P46 is composed of). This type is used categorically in the model without reference to instances of it, i.e. the Model does not foresee the description of instances of instances of E57 Material, e.g.: "instances of gold". It is recommended that internationally or nationally agreed codes and terminology are used. Examples: - brick - gold - aluminium - polycarbonate - resin" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E58_Measurement_Unit /* comment "Scope note: This class is a specialization of E55 Type and comprises the types of measurement units: feet, inches, centimetres, litres, lumens, etc. This type is used categorically in the model without reference to instances of it, i.e. the Model does not foresee the description of instances of instances of E58 Measurement Unit, e.g.: "instances of cm". Système International (SI) units or internationally recognized non-SI terms should be used whenever possible. (ISO 1000:1992). Archaic Measurement Units used in historical records should be preserved. Examples: - cm [centrimetre] - km [kilometre] - m [meter] - m/s [meters per second] - A [Ampere] - GRD [Greek Drachme] - C° [degrees centigrade]" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E5_Event /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises changes of states in cultural, social or physical systems, regardless of scale, brought about by a series or group of coherent physical, cultural, technological or legal phenomena. Such changes of state will affect instances of E77 Persistent Item or its subclasses. The distinction between an E5 Event and an E4 Period is partly a question of the scale of observation. Viewed at a coarse level of detail, an E5 Event is an 'instantaneous' change of state. At a fine level, the E5 Event can be analysed into its component phenomena within a space and time frame, and as such can be seen as an E4 Period. The reverse is not necessarily the case: not all instances of E4 Period give rise to a noteworthy change of state. Examples: - the birth of Cleopatra (E67) - the destruction of Lisbon by earthquake in 1755 (E6) - World War II (E7) - the Battle of Stalingrad (E7) - the Yalta Conference (E7) - my birthday celebration 28-6-1995 (E7) - the falling of a tile from my roof last Sunday - the CIDOC Conference 2003 (E7)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E63_Beginning_of_Existence /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises events that bring into existence any E77 Persistent Item. It may be used for temporal reasoning about things (intellectual products, physical items, groups of people, living beings) beginning to exist; it serves as a hook for determination of a terminus post quem and ante quem. Examples: - the birth of my child - the birth of Snoopy, my dog - the calving of the iceberg that sank the Titanic - the construction of the Eiffel Tower" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E64_End_of_Existence /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises events that end the existence of any E77 Persistent Item. It may be used for temporal reasoning about things (physical items, groups of people, living beings) ceasing to exist; it serves as a hook for determination of a terminus postquem and antequem. In cases where substance from a Persistent Item continues to exist in a new form, the process would be documented by E81 Transformation. Examples: - the death of Snoopy, my dog - the melting of the snowman - the burning of the Temple of Artemis in Ephesos by Herostratos in 356BC" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E65_Creation /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises events that result in the creation of conceptual items or immaterial products, such as legends, poems, texts, music, images, movies, laws, types etc. Examples: - the framing of the U.S. Constitution - the drafting of U.N. resolution 1441" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E66_Formation /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises events that result in the formation of a formal or informal E74 Group of people, such as a club, society, association, corporation or nation. E66 Formation does not include the arbitrary aggregation of people who do not act as a collective. The formation of an instance of E74 Group does not mean that the group is populated with members at the time of formation. In order to express the joining of members at the time of formation, the respective activity should be simultaneously an instance of both E66 Formation and E85 Joining. Examples: - the formation of the CIDOC CRM Special Interest Group - the formation of the Soviet Union - the conspiring of the murderers of Caesar" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E67_Birth /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises the births of human beings. E67 Birth is a biological event focussing on the context of people coming into life. (E63 Beginning of Existence comprises the coming into life of any living beings). Twins, triplets etc. are brought into life by the same E67 Birth event. The introduction of the E67 Birth event as a documentation element allows the description of a range of family relationships in a simple model. Suitable extensions may describe more details and the complexity of motherhood with the intervention of modern medicine. In this model, the biological father is not seen as a necessary participant in the E67 Birth event. Examples: - the birth of Alexander the Great" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E68_Dissolution /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises the events that result in the formal or informal termination of an E74 Group of people. If the dissolution was deliberate, the Dissolution event should also be instantiated as an E7 Activity. Examples: - the fall of the Roman Empire - the liquidation of Enron Corporation" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E69_Death /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises the deaths of human beings. If a person is killed, their death should be instantiated as E69 Death and as E7 Activity. The death or perishing of other living beings should be documented using E64 End of Existence. Examples: - the murder of Julius Caesar (E69,E7) - the death of Senator Paul Wellstone" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E6_Destruction /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises events that destroy one or more instances of E18 Physical Thing such that they lose their identity as the subjects of documentation. Some destruction events are intentional, while others are independent of human activity. Intentional destruction may be documented by classifying the event as both an E6 Destruction and E7 Activity. The decision to document an object as destroyed, transformed or modified is context sensitive: 1. If the matter remaining from the destruction is not documented, the event is modelled solely as E6 Destruction. 2. An event should also be documented using E81 Transformation if it results in the destruction of one or more objects and the simultaneous production of others using parts or material from the original. In this case, the new items have separate identities. Matter is preserved, but identity is not. 3. When the initial identity of the changed instance of E18 Physical Thing is preserved, the event should be documented as E11 Modification. Examples: - the destruction of Herculaneum by volcanic eruption in 79 AD - the destruction of Nineveh (E6, E7) - the breaking of a champagne glass yesterday by my dog" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E70_Thing /* comment "Scope note: This general class comprises usable discrete, identifiable, instances of E77 Persistent Item that are documented as single units. They can be either intellectual products or physical things, and are characterized by relative stability. They may for instance either have a solid physical form, an electronic encoding, or they may be logical concept or structure. Examples: - my photograph collection (E78 Collection) - the bottle of milk in my refrigerator (E22) - the plan of the Strassburger Muenster (E29) - the thing on the top of Otto Hahn's desk (E19) - the form of the non-smoking sign (E36) - the cave of Dirou, Mani, Greece (E27)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E71_Man-Made_Thing /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises discrete, identifiable man-made items that are documented as single units. These items are either intellectual products or man-made physical things, and are characterized by relative stability. They may for instance have a solid physical form, an electronic encoding, or they may be logical concepts or structures. Examples: - Beethoven's 5th Symphony (E73) - Michelangelo's David - Einstein's Theory of General Relativity (E73) - the taxon 'Fringilla coelebs Linnaeus, 1758' (E55)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E72_Legal_Object /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises those material or immaterial items to which instances of E30 Right, such as the right of ownership or use, can be applied. This is true for all E18 Physical Thing. In the case of instances of E28 Conceptual Object, however, the identity of the E28 Conceptual Object or the method of its use may be too ambiguous to reliably establish instances of E30 Right, as in the case of taxa and inspirations. Ownership of corporations is currently regarded as out of scope of the CRM. Examples: - the Cullinan diamond (E19) - definition of the CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model Version 2.1 (E73)." (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E73_Information_Object /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises identifiable immaterial items, such as a poems, jokes, data sets, images, texts, multimedia objects, procedural prescriptions, computer program code, algorithm or mathematical formulae, that have an objectively recognizable structure and are documented as single units. An E73 Information Object does not depend on a specific physical carrier, which can include human memory, and it can exist on one or more carriers simultaneously. Instances of E73 Information Object of a linguistic nature should be declared as instances of the E33 Linguistic Object subclass. Instances of E73 Information Object of a documentary nature should be declared as instances of the E31 Document subclass. Conceptual items such as types and classes are not instances of E73 Information Object, nor are ideas without a reproducible expression. Examples: - image BM000038850.JPG from the Clayton Herbarium in London - E. A. Poe's "The Raven" - the movie "The Seven Samurai" by Akira Kurosawa - the Maxwell Equations" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E74_Group /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises any gatherings or organizations of two or more people that act collectively or in a similar way due to any form of unifying relationship. In the wider sense this class also comprises official positions which used to be regarded in certain contexts as one actor, independent of the current holder of the office, such as the president of a country. A joint pseudonym (i.e., a name that seems indicative of an individual but that is actually used as a persona by two or more people) is a particular case of E74 Group. A gathering of people becomes an E74 Group when it exhibits organizational characteristics usually typified by a set of ideas or beliefs held in common, or actions performed together. These might be communication, creating some common artifact, a common purpose such as study, worship, business, sports, etc. Nationality can be modelled as membership in an E74 Group (cf. HumanML markup). Married couples and other concepts of family are regarded as particular examples of E74 Group. Examples: - the impressionists - the Navajo - the Greeks - the peace protestors in n New York City on February 15 2003 - Exxon-Mobil - King Solomon and his wives - the President of the Swiss Confederation - Nicolas Bourbaki - Betty Crocker" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E75_Conceptual_Object_Appellation /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises all appellations specific to intellectual products or standardized patterns. Examples: - "ISBN 3-7913-1418-1" - "ISO 2788-1986 (F)"" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E77_Persistent_Item /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises items that have a persistent identity, sometimes known as "endurants" in philosophy. They can be repeatedly recognized within the duration of their existence by identity criteria rather than by continuity or observation. Persistent Items can be either physical entities, such as people, animals or things, or conceptual entities such as ideas, concepts, products of the imagination or common names. The criteria that determine the identity of an item are often difficult to establish -; the decision depends largely on the judgement of the observer. For example, a building is regarded as no longer existing if it is dismantled and the materials reused in a different configuration. On the other hand, human beings go through radical and profound changes during their life-span, affecting both material composition and form, yet preserve their identity by other criteria. Similarly, inanimate objects may be subject to exchange of parts and matter. The class E77 Persistent Item does not take any position about the nature of the applicable identity criteria and if actual knowledge about identity of an instance of this class exists. There may be cases, where the identity of an E77 Persistent Item is not decidable by a certain state of knowledge. The main classes of objects that fall outside the scope the E77 Persistent Item class are temporal objects such as periods, events and acts, and descriptive properties. Examples: - Leonardo da Vinci - Stonehenge - the hole in the ozone layer - the First Law of Thermodynamics - the Bermuda Triangle" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E78_Collection /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises aggregations of instances of E18 Physical Thing that are assembled and maintained ("curated" and "preserved," in museological terminology) by one or more instances of E39 Actor over time for a specific purpose and audience, and according to a particular collection development plan. Items may be added or removed from an E78 Collection in pursuit of this plan. This class should not be confused with the E39 Actor maintaining the E78 Collection often referred to with the name of the E78 Collection (e.g. "The Wallace Collection decided…"). Collective objects in the general sense, like a tomb full of gifts, a folder with stamps or a set of chessmen, should be documented as instances of E19 Physical Object, and not as instances of E78 Collection. This is because they form wholes either because they are physically bound together or because they are kept together for their functionality. Examples: - The John Clayton Herbarium - the Wallace Collection - Mikael Heggelund Foslie's coralline red algae Herbarium at Museum of Natural History and Archaeology, Trondheim, Norway" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E79_Part_Addition /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises activities that result in an instance of E24 Physical Man-Made Thing being increased, enlarged or augmented by the addition of a part. Typical scenarios include the attachment of an accessory, the integration of a component, the addition of an element to an aggregate object, or the accessioning of an object into a curated E78 Collection. Objects to which parts are added are, by definition, man-made, since the addition of a part implies a human activity. Following the addition of parts, the resulting man-made assemblages are treated objectively as single identifiable wholes, made up of constituent or component parts bound together either physically (for example the engine becoming a part of the car), or by sharing a common purpose (such as the 32 chess pieces that make up a chess set). This class of activities forms a basis for reasoning about the history and continuity of identity of objects that are integrated into other objects over time, such as precious gemstones being repeatedly incorporated into different items of jewellery, or cultural artifacts being added to different museum instances of E78 Collection over their lifespan. Examples: - the setting of the koh-i-noor diamond into the crown of Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother - the addition of the painting "Room in Brooklyn" by Edward Hopper to the collection of the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E7_Activity /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises actions intentionally carried out by instances of E39 Actor that result in changes of state in the cultural, social, or physical systems documented. This notion includes complex, composite and long-lasting actions such as the building of a settlement or a war, as well as simple, short-lived actions such as the opening of a door. Examples: - the Battle of Stalingrad - the Yalta Conference - my birthday celebration 28-6-1995 - the writing of "Faust" by Goethe (E65) - the formation of the Bauhaus 1919 (E66) - calling the place identified by TGN '7017998' 'Quyunjig' by the people of Iraq" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E80_Part_Removal /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises the activities that result in an instance of E18 Physical Thing being decreased by the removal of a part. Typical scenarios include the detachment of an accessory, the removal of a component or part of a composite object, or the deaccessioning of an object from a curated E78 Collection. If the E80 Part Removal results in the total decomposition of the original object into pieces, such that the whole ceases to exist, the activity should instead be modelled as an E81 Transformation, i.e. a simultaneous destruction and production. In cases where the part removed has no discernible identity prior to its removal but does have an identity subsequent to its removal, the activity should be regarded as both E80 Part Removal and E12 Production. This class of activities forms a basis for reasoning about the history, and continuity of identity over time, of objects that are removed from other objects, such as precious gemstones being extracted from different items of jewelry, or cultural artifacts being deaccessioned from different museum collections over their lifespan. Examples: - the removal of the engine from my car - the disposal of object number 1976:234 from the collection" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E81_Transformation /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises the events that result in the simultaneous destruction of one or more than one E77 Persistent Item and the creation of one or more than one E77 Persistent Item that preserves recognizable substance from the first one(s) but has fundamentally different nature and identity. Although the old and the new instances of E77 Persistent Item are treated as discrete entities having separate, unique identities, they are causally connected through the E81 Transformation; the destruction of the old E77 Persistent Item(s) directly causes the creation of the new one(s) using or preserving some relevant substance. Instances of E81 Transformation are therefore distinct from re-classifications (documented using E17 Type Assignment) or modifications (documented using E11 Modification) of objects that do not fundamentally change their nature or identity. Characteristic cases are reconstructions and repurposing of historical buildings or ruins, fires leaving buildings in ruins, taxidermy of specimen in natural history and the reorganization of a corporate body into a new one. Examples: - the death and mummification of Tut-Ankh-Amun (transformation of Tut-Ankh-Amun from a living person to a mummy) (E69,E81,E7)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E82_Actor_Appellation /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises any sort of name, number, code or symbol characteristically used to identify an E39 Actor. An E39 Actor will typically have more than one E82 Actor Appellation, and instances of E82 Actor Appellation in turn may have alternative representations. The distinction between corporate and personal names, which is particularly important in library applications, should be made by explicitly linking the E82 Actor Appellation to an instance of either E21 Person or E74 Group/E40 Legal Body. If this is not possible, the distinction can be made through the use of the P2 has type mechanism. Examples: - "John Doe" - "Doe, J" - "the U.S. Social Security Number 246-14-2304" - "the Artist Formerly Known as Prince" - "the Master of the Flemish Madonna" - "Raphael's Workshop" - "the Brontë Sisters" - "ICOM" - "International Council of Museums"" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E83_Type_Creation /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises activities formally defining new types of items. It is typically a rigorous scholarly or scientific process that ensures a type is exhaustively described and appropriately named. In some cases, particularly in archaeology and the life sciences, E83 Type Creation requires the identification of an exemplary specimen and the publication of the type definition in an appropriate scholarly forum. The activity of E83 Type Creation is central to research in the life sciences, where a type would be referred to as a "taxon," the type description as a "protologue," and the exemplary specimens as "orgininal element" or "holotype". Examples: - creation of the taxon 'Penicillium brefeldianum B. O. Dodge' (1933) - addition of class E84 Information Carrier to the CIDOC CRM" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E84_Information_Carrier /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises all instances of E22 Man-Made Object that are explicitly designed to act as persistent physical carriers for instances of E73 Information Object. This allows a relationship to be asserted between an E19 Physical Object and its immaterial information contents. An E84 Information Carrier may or may not contain information, e.g., a diskette. Note that any E18 Physical Thing may carry information, such as an E34 Inscription. However, unless it was specifically designed for this purpose, it is not an Information Carrier. Therefore the property P128 carries (is carried by) applies to E18 Physical Thing in general. Examples: - the Rosetta Stone - my paperpack copy of Crime & Punishment - the computer disk at ICS-FORTH that stores the canonical Definition of the CIDOC CRM" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E85_Joining /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises the activities that result in an instance of E39 Actor becoming a member of an instance of E74 Group. This class does not imply initiative by either party. Typical scenarios include becoming a member of a social organisation, becoming employee of a company, marriage, the adoption of a child by a family and the inauguration of somebody into an official position. Examples: - the election of Sir Isaac Newton as Member of Parliament for the University of Cambridge to the Convention Parliament of 1689 - the inauguration of Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev as leader of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) in 1985 - the implementation of the membership treaty between EU and Denmark January 1. 1973" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E86_Leaving /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises the activities that result in an instance of E39 Actor to be disassociated from an instance of E74 Group. This class does not imply initiative by either party. Typical scenarios include the termination of membership in a social organisation, ending the employment at a company, divorce, and the end of tenure of somebody in an official position. Examples: - the end of Sir Isaac Newton's duty as Member of Parliament for the University of Cambridge to the Convention Parliament in 1702 - George Washington's leaving office in 1797" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E87_Curation_Activity /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises the activities that result in the continuity of management and the preservation and evolution of instances of E78 Collection, following an implicit or explicit curation plan. It specializes the notion of activity into the curation of a collection and allows the history of curation to be recorded. Items are accumulated and organized following criteria like subject, chronological period, material type, style of art etc. and can be added or removed from an E78 Collection for a specific purpose and/or audience. The initial aggregation of items of a collection is regarded as an instance of E12 Production Event while the activity of evolving, preserving and promoting a collection is regarded as an instance of E87 Curation Activity. Examples: - the curation of Mikael Heggelund Foslie's coralline red algae Herbarium 1876 – 1909 (when Foslie died), now at Museum of Natural History and Archaeology, Norway" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E89_Propositional_Object /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises immaterial items, including but not limited to stories, plots, procedural prescriptions, algorithms, laws of physics or images that are, or represent in some sense, sets of propositions about real or imaginary things and that are documented as single units or serve as topic of discourse. This class also comprises items that are "about" something in the sense of a subject. In the wider sense, this class includes expressions of psychological value such as non-figural art and musical themes. However, conceptual items such as types and classes are not instances of E89 Propositional Object. This should not be confused with the definition of a type, which is indeed an instance of E89 Propositional Object. Examples: - Maxwell's Equations - the ideational contents of Aristotle's book entitled 'Metaphysics' as rendered in the Greek texts translated in … Oxford edition… - the underlying prototype of any "no-smoking" sign (E36) - the common ideas of the plots of the movie "The Seven Samurai" by Akira Kurosawa and the movie "The Magnificent Seven" by John Sturges - the image content of the photo of the Allied Leaders at Yalta 1945 (E38)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E8_Acquisition /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises transfers of legal ownership from one or more instances of E39 Actor to one or more other instances of E39 Actor. The class also applies to the establishment or loss of ownership of instances of E18 Physical Thing. It does not, however, imply changes of any other kinds of right. The recording of the donor and/or recipient is optional. It is possible that in an instance of E8 Acquisition there is either no donor or no recipient. Depending on the circumstances, it may describe: 1. the beginning of ownership 2. the end of ownership 3. the transfer of ownership 4. the acquisition from an unknown source 5. the loss of title due to destruction of the item It may also describe events where a collector appropriates legal title, for example by annexation or field collection. The interpretation of the museum notion of "accession" differs between institutions. The CRM therefore models legal ownership (E8 Acquisition) and physical custody (E10 Transfer of Custody) separately. Institutions will then model their specific notions of accession and deaccession as combinations of these. Examples: - the collection of a hammer-head shark of the genus Sphyrna (Carchariniformes) XXXtbc by John Steinbeck and Edward Ricketts at Puerto Escondido in the Gulf of Mexico on March 25th, 1940 - the acquisition of El Greco's "The Apostles Peter and Paul" by the State Hermitage in Saint Petersburg - the loss of my stuffed chaffinch 'Fringilla coelebs Linnaeus, 1758' due to insect damage last year" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E90_Symbolic_Object /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises identifiable symbols and any aggregation of symbols, such as characters, identifiers, traffic signs, emblems, texts, data sets, images, musical scores, multimedia objects, computer program code or mathematical formulae that have an objectively recognizable structure and that are documented as single units. It includes sets of signs of any nature, which may serve to designate something, or to communicate some propositional content. An instance of E90 Symbolic Object does not depend on a specific physical carrier, which can include human memory, and it can exist on one or more carriers simultaneously. An instance of E90 Symbolic Object may or may not have a specific meaning, for example an arbitrary character string. In some cases, the content of an instance of E90 Symbolic Object may completely be represented by a serialized digital content model, such as a sequence of ASCII-encoded characters, an XML or HTML document, or a TIFF image. The property P3 has note allows for the description of this content model. In order to disambiguate which symbolic level is the carrier of the meaning, the property P3.1 has type can be used to specify the encoding (e.g. "bit", "Latin character", RGB pixel). Examples: - ecognizabl’ - The “no-smoking” sign (E36) - “BM000038850.JPG” (E75) - image BM000038850.JPG from the Clayton Herbarium in London (E38) - The distribution of form, tone and colour found on Leonardo da Vinci’s painting named “Mona Lisa” in daylight (E38) - The Italian text of Dante’s “Divina Commedia” as found in the authoritative critical edition La Commedia secondo l’antica vulgata a cura di Giorgio Petrocchi, Milano: Mondadori, 1966-67 (= Le Opere di Dante Alighieri, Edizione Nazionale a cura della Società Dantesca Italiana, VII, 1-4) (E33)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E91_Co-Reference_Assignment /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises actions of making the assertion whether two or more particular instances of E89 Propositional Object refer to the same instance of E1 CRM Entity. The assertion is based on the assumption that this was an implicit fact being made explicit by this assignment. Use of this class allows for the full description of the context of this assignment.(MD will write an extension about the levels of belief) Examples: - the assertion that the author name “Hans Jæger” on the title page of the novel “Fra Christiania-Bohêmen” refers to the same historical person as the motive of the painting “Forfatteren Hans Jæger” by Edvard Munch. - the assertion that the author name “Hans Jæger” on the title page of the novel “Fra Christiania-Bohêmen” does not refer to the same historical person as the author of the collection of drawings “Til Julebordet : ti Pennetegninger / af H.J.” incorrectly attributed to Hans Jæger in the Bibsys database." (string) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E92_Spacetime_Volume /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises 4 dimensional point sets (volumes) in physical spacetime regardless its true geometric form. They may derive their identity from being the extent of a material phenomenon or from being the interpretation of an expression defining an extent in spacetime. Intersections of instances of E92 Spacetime Volume, Place and Timespan are also regarded as instances of E92 Spacetime Volume. An instance of E92 Spacetime Volume is either contiguous or composed of a finite number of contiguous subsets. Its boundaries may be fuzzy due to the properties of the phenomena it derives from or due to the limited precision up to which defining expression can be identified with a real extent in spacetime. The duration of existence of an instance of a spacetimevolume is trivially its projection on time. Examples: - the spacetime Volume of the Event of Ceasars murder - the spacetime Volume where and when the carbon 14 dating of the "Schoeninger Speer II" in 1996 took place - the spatio‐temporal trajectory of the H.M.S. Victory from its building to its actual location - the spacetime volume defined by a polygon approximating the Danube river flood in Austria between 6th and 9th of August 2002" (string) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E93_Spacetime_Snapshot /* comment "Scope Note: This class comprises instances of E92 Spacetime Volume that result from intersections of instances of E92 Spacetime Volume, E53 Place or E52 Time‐Span. The identity of an instance of this class is determined by the identities of its constituting items. Those are one or more of the following: 1) two or more instances of E92 Spacetime Volume 2) one or more instances of E92 Spacetime Volume AND one or more instances of E53 Place. 3) one or more instances of E92 Spacetime Volume AND one or more instances of E52 Time‐Span 4) one or more instances of E53 Place AND one or more instances of E52 Time‐Span This class can be used to define temporal snapshots at a particular time‐span, such as the extent of the Roman Empire at 33 B.C., or the extent occupied by a museum object at rest in an exhibit. It can also be used to define a spatial snapshot, such as cutting the E92 Spacetime Volume occupied by the Iron Age by the current spatial extent of Austria. It can also be used to define intersections of two or more real spatiotemporal components, such as the E92 Spacetime Volume occupied by the E4 Period of Impressionism with the E92 Spacetime Volume occupied by the life of Van Gogh, or the E92 Spacetime Volume occupied by Imperial China with that claimed by Imperial Vietnam. In particular, it can be used to define partial spatial or temporal projections of spacetime volumes, such as the time‐spans of foreign occupation of a country, or the spatial extent of a flood at some particular hour. Examples:" (string) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/E9_Move /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises changes of the physical location of the instances of E19 Physical Object. Note, that the class E9 Move inherits the property P7 took place at (witnessed): E53 Place. This property should be used to describe the trajectory or a larger area within which a move takes place, whereas the properties P26 moved to (was destination of), P2 moved from (was origin of) describe the start and end points only. Moves may also be documented to consist of other moves (via P9 consists of (forms part of)), in order to describe intermediate stages on a trajectory. In that case, start and end points of the partial moves should match appropriately between each other and with the overall event. Examples: - the relocation of London Bridge from the UK to the USA - the movement of the exhibition "Treasures of Tut-Ankh-Amun" 1976-1979" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P100_was_death_of /* comment "Scope note: This property links an E69 Death event to the E21 Person that died. A Death event may involve multiple people, for example in the case of a battle or disaster. This is not intended for use with general Natural History material, only people. Examples: - Mozart's death (E69) was death of Mozart (E21)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P101_had_as_general_use /* comment "Scope note: This property links an instance of E70 Thing to an E55 Type of usage. It allows the relationship between particular things, both physical and immaterial, and general methods and techniques of use to be documented. Thus it can be asserted that a baseball bat had a general use for sport and a specific use for threatening people during the Great Train Robbery. Examples: - Tony Gill's Ford Mustang (E22) had as general use transportation (E55)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P102_has_title /* comment "Scope note: This property describes the E35 Title applied to an instance of E71 Man-Made Thing. The E55 Type of Title is assigned in a sub property. The P102.1 has type property of the P102 has title (is title of) property enables the relationship between the Title and the thing to be further clarified, for example, if the Title was a given Title, a supplied Title etc. It allows any man-made material or immaterial thing to be given a Title. It is possible to imagine a Title being created without a specific object in mind. Examples: - the first book of the Old Testament (E33) has title "Genesis" (E35) has type translated (E55)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P103_was_intended_for /* comment "Scope note: This property links an instance of E71 Man-Made Thing to an E55 Type of usage. It creates a property between specific man-made things, both physical and immaterial, to Types of intended methods and techniques of use. Note: A link between specific man-made things and a specific use activity should be expressed using P19 was intended use of (was made for). Examples: - this plate (E22) was intended for being destroyed at wedding reception (E55)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P104_is_subject_to /* comment "Scope note: This property links a particular E72 Legal Object to the instances of E30 Right to which it is subject. The Right is held by an E39 Actor as described by P75 possesses (is possessed by). Examples: - Beatles back catalogue (E72) is subject to reproduction right on Beatles back catalogue (E30)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P105_right_held_by /* comment "Scope note: This property identifies the E39 Actor who holds the instances of E30 Right to an E72 Legal Object. It is a superproperty of P52 has current owner (is current owner of) because ownership is a right that is held on the owned object. P105 right held by (has right on) is a shortcut of the fully developed path from E72 Legal Object through P104 is subject to (applies to), E30 Right, P75 possesses (is possessed by) to E39 Actor. Examples: - Beatles back catalogue (E73) right held by Michael Jackson (E21)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P106_is_composed_of /* comment "Scope note: This property associates an instance of E90 Symbolic Object with a part of it that is by itself an instance of E90 Symbolic Object, such as fragments of texts or clippings from an image. Examples: - this Scope note P106 (E33) is composed of fragments of texts (E33) - 'recognizable' P106 (E90) is composed of 'ecognizabl' (E90)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P107_has_current_or_former_member /* comment "Scope note: This property relates an E39 Actor to the E74 Group of which that E39 Actor is a member. Groups, Legal Bodies and Persons, may all be members of Groups. A Group necessarily consists of more than one member. This property is a shortcut of the more fully developed path from E74 Group through P144 joined with (gained member by), E85 Joining, P143 joined (was joined by) to E39 Actor The property P107.1 kind of member can be used to specify the type of membership or the role the member has in the group. Examples: - Moholy Nagy (E21) is current or former member of Bauhaus (E74) - National Museum of Science and Industry (E40) has current or former member The National Railway Museum (E40) - The married couple Queen Elisabeth and Prince Phillip (E74) has current or former member Prince Phillip (E21) with P107.1 kind of member husband (E55 Type)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P108_has_produced /* comment "Scope note: This property identifies the E24 Physical Man-Made Thing that came into existence as a result of an E12 Production. The identity of an instance of E24 Physical Man-Made Thing is not defined by its matter, but by its existence as a subject of documentation. An E12 Production can result in the creation of multiple instances of E24 Physical Man-Made Thing. Examples: - the building of Rome (E12) has produced Τhe Colosseum (E22)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P109_has_current_or_former_curator /* comment "Scope note: This property identifies the E39 Actor or Actors who assume or have assumed overall curatorial responsibility for an E78 Collection. This property is effectively a short-cut. It does not allow a history of curation to be recorded. This would require use of an Event assigning responsibility for a Collection to a curator. Examples: - the Robert Opie Collection (E78) has current or former curator Robert Opie (E39) - the Mikael Heggelund Foslie's coralline red algae Herbarium (E78) has current or former curator Mikael Heggelund Foslie" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P10_falls_within /* comment "Scope note: This property describes an instance of E4 Period, which falls within the E53 Place and E52 Time-Span of another. The difference with P9 consists of (forms part of) is subtle. Unlike P9 consists of (forms part of), P10 falls within (contains) does not imply any logical connection between the two periods and it may refer to a period of a completely different type. Examples: - the Great Plague (E4) falls within The Gothic period (E4)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P110_augmented /* comment "Scope note: This property identifies the E24 Physical Man-Made Thing that is added to (augmented) in an E79 Part Addition. Although a Part Addition event normally concerns only one item of Physical Man-Made Thing, it is possible to imagine circumstances under which more than one item might be added to (augmented). For example, the artist Jackson Pollock trailing paint onto multiple canvasses. Examples: - the final nail-insertion Event (E79) augmented Coffin of George VI (E24)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P111_added /* comment "Scope note: This property identifies the E18 Physical Thing that is added during an E79 Part Addition activity Examples: - the insertion of the final nail (E79) added the last nail in George VI's coffin (E18)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P112_diminished /* comment "Scope note: This property identifies the E24 Physical Man-Made Thing that was diminished by E80 Part Removal. Although a Part removal activity normally concerns only one item of Physical Man-Made Thing, it is possible to imagine circumstances under which more than one item might be diminished by a single Part Removal activity. Examples: - the coffin of Tut-Ankh-Amun (E22) was diminished by The opening of the coffin of Tut-Ankh-Amun (E80)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P113_removed /* comment "Scope note: This property identifies the E18 Physical Thing that is removed during an E80 Part Removal activity. Examples: - the opening of the coffin of Tut-Ankh-Amun (E80) removed The mummy of Tut-Ankh-Amun (E20,E22)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P114_is_equal_in_time_to /* comment "Scope note: This symmetric property allows the instances of E2 Temporal Entity with the same E52 Time-Span to be equated. This property is only necessary if the time span is unknown (otherwise the equivalence can be calculated). This property is the same as the "equal" relationship of Allen's temporal logic (Allen, 1983, pp. 832-843). Examples: - the destruction of the Villa Justinian Tempus (E6) is equal in time to the death of Maximus Venderus (E69)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P115_finishes /* comment "Scope note: This property allows the ending point for a E2 Temporal Entity to be situated by reference to the ending point of another temporal entity of longer duration. This property is only necessary if the time span is unknown (otherwise the relationship can be calculated). This property is the same as the "finishes / finished-by" relationships of Allen's temporal logic (Allen, 1983, pp. 832-843). Examples: - Late Bronze Age (E4) finishes Bronze Age (E4)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P116_starts /* comment "Scope note: This property allows the starting point for a E2 Temporal Entity to be situated by reference to the starting point of another temporal entity of longer duration. This property is only necessary if the time span is unknown (otherwise the relationship can be calculated). This property is the same as the "starts / started-by" relationships of Allen's temporal logic (Allen, 1983, pp. 832-843). Examples: - Early Bronze Age (E4) starts Bronze Age (E4)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P117_occurs_during /* comment "Scope note: This property allows the entire E52 Time-Span of an E2 Temporal Entity to be situated within the Time-Span of another temporal entity that starts before and ends after the included temporal entity. This property is only necessary if the time span is unknown (otherwise the relationship can be calculated). This property is the same as the "during / includes" relationships of Allen's temporal logic (Allen, 1983, pp. 832-843). Examples: - Middle Saxon period (E4) occurs during Saxon period (E4)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P118_overlaps_in_time_with /* comment "Scope note: This property identifies an overlap between the instances of E52 Time-Span of two instances of E2 Temporal Entity. It implies a temporal order between the two entities: if A overlaps in time B, then A must start before B, and B must end after A. This property is only necessary if the relevant time spans are unknown (otherwise the relationship can be calculated). This property is the same as the "overlaps / overlapped-by" relationships of Allen's temporal logic (Allen, 1983, pp. 832-843). Examples: - the Iron Age (E4) overlaps in time with the Roman period (E4)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P119_meets_in_time_with /* comment "Scope note: This property indicates that one E2 Temporal Entity immediately follows another. It implies a particular order between the two entities: if A meets in time with B, then A must precede B. This property is only necessary if the relevant time spans are unknown (otherwise the relationship can be calculated). This property is the same as the "meets / met-by" relationships of Allen's temporal logic (Allen, 1983, pp. 832-843). Examples: - Early Saxon Period (E4) meets in time with Middle Saxon Period (E4)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P11_had_participant /* comment "Scope note: This property describes the active or passive participation of instances of E39 Actors in an E5 Event. It connects the life-line of the related E39 Actor with the E53 Place and E50 Date of the event. The property implies that the Actor was involved in the event but does not imply any causal relationship. The subject of a portrait can be said to have participated in the creation of the portrait. Examples: - Napoleon (E21) participated in The Battle of Waterloo (E7) - Maria (E21) participated in Photographing of Maria (E7)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P120_occurs_before /* comment "Scope note: This property identifies the relative chronological sequence of two temporal entities. It implies that a temporal gap exists between the end of A and the start of B. This property is only necessary if the relevant time spans are unknown (otherwise the relationship can be calculated). This property is the same as the "before / after" relationships of Allen's temporal logic (Allen, 1983, pp. 832-843). Examples: - Early Bronze Age (E4) occurs before Late Bronze age (E4)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P121_overlaps_with /* comment "Scope note: This symmetric property allows the instances of E53 Place with overlapping geometric extents to be associated with each other. It does not specify anything about the shared area. This property is purely spatial, in contrast to Allen operators, which are purely temporal. Examples: - the territory of the United States (E53) overlaps with the Arctic (E53)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P122_borders_with /* comment "Scope note: This symmetric property allows the instances of E53 Place which share common borders to be related as such. This property is purely spatial, in contrast to Allen operators, which are purely temporal. Examples: - Scotland (E53) borders with England (E53)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P123_resulted_in /* comment "Scope note: This property identifies the E77 Persistent Item or items that are the result of an E81 Transformation. New items replace the transformed item or items, which cease to exist as units of documentation. The physical continuity between the old and the new is expressed by the link to the common Transformation. Examples: - the transformation of the Venetian Loggia in Heraklion into a city hall (E81) resulted in the City Hall of Heraklion (E22) - the death and mummification of Tut-Ankh-Amun (E81) resulted in the Mummy of Tut Tut-Ankh-Amun (E22 and E20)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P124_transformed /* comment "Scope note: This property identifies the E77 Persistent Item or items that cease to exist due to a E81 Transformation. It is replaced by the result of the Transformation, which becomes a new unit of documentation. The continuity between both items, the new and the old, is expressed by the link to the common Transformation. Examples: - the transformation of the Venetian Loggia in Heraklion into a city hall (E81) transformed the Venetian Loggia in Heraklion (E22) the death and mummification of Tut-Ankh-Amun (E81) transformed the ruling Pharao Tut-Ankh-Amun (E21)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P125_used_object_of_type /* comment "Scope note: This property defines the kind of objects used in an E7 Activity, when the specific instance is either unknown or not of interest, such as use of "a hammer". Examples: - at the Battle of Agincourt (E7), the English archers used object of type long bow (E55)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P126_employed /* comment "Scope note: This property identifies E57 Material employed in an E11 Modification. The E57 Material used during the E11 Modification does not necessarily become incorporated into the E24 Physical Man-Made Thing that forms the subject of the E11 Modification. Examples: - the repairing of the Queen Mary (E11) employed Steel (E57) - distilled water (E57) was employed in the restoration of the Sistine Chapel (E11)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P127_has_broader_term /* comment "Scope note: This property identifies a super-Type to which an E55 Type is related. It allows Types to be organised into hierarchies. This is the sense of "broader term generic (BTG)" as defined in ISO 2788. Examples: - dime (E55) has broader term coin (E55)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P128_carries /* comment "Scope note: This property identifies an E90 Symbolic Object carried by an instance of E24 Physical Man-Made Thing. In general this would be an E84 Information Carrier P65 shows visual item (is shown by) is a specialisation of P128 carries (is carried by) which should be used for carrying visual items. Examples: - Matthew's paperback copy of Reach for the Sky (E84) carries the text of Reach for the Sky (E73)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P129_is_about /* comment "Scope note: This property documents that an E89 Propositional Object has as subject an instance of E1 CRM Entity. This differs from P67 refers to (is referred to by), which refers to an E1 CRM Entity, in that it describes the primary subject or subjects of an E89 Propositional Object. Examples: - the text entitled 'Reach for the sky' (E33) is about Douglas Bader (E21)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P12_occurred_in_the_presence_of /* comment "Scope note: This property describes the active or passive presence of an E77 Persistent Item in an E5 Event without implying any specific role. It connects the history of a thing with the E53 Place and E50 Date of an event. For example, an object may be the desk, now in a museum on which a treaty was signed. The presence of an immaterial thing implies the presence of at least one of its carriers. Examples: - Deckchair 42 (E19) was present at The sinking of the Titanic (E5)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P130_shows_features_of /* comment "Scope note: This property generalises the notions of "copy of" and "similar to" into a dynamic, asymmetric relationship, where the domain expresses the derivative, if such a direction can be established. Otherwise, the relationship is symmetric. It is a short-cut of P15 was influenced by (influenced) in a creation or production, if such a reason for the similarity can be verified. Moreover it expresses similarity in cases that can be stated between two objects only, without historical knowledge about its reasons. Examples: - the Parthenon Frieze on the Acropolis in Athens (E22) shows features of the Original Parthenon Frieze in the British museum (E22). Kind of similarity: Copy (E55)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P131_is_identified_by /* comment "Scope note: This property identifies a name used specifically to identify an E39 Actor. This property is a specialisation of P1 is identified by (identifies) is identified by. Examples: - Tyler Withersopp IV (E39) is identified by "US social security number 619-17-4204" (E82)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P132_overlaps_with /* comment "Scope note: This symmetric property allows instances of E4 Period that overlap both temporally and spatially to be related, i,e. they share some spatio-temporal extent. This property does not imply any ordering or sequence between the two periods, either spatial or temporal. Examples: - the "Urnfield" period (E4) overlaps with the "Hallstatt" period (E4)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P133_is_separated_from /* comment "Scope note: This symmetric property allows instances of E4 Period that do not overlap both temporally and spatially, to be related i,e. they do not share any spatio-temporal extent. This property does not imply any ordering or sequence between the two periods either spatial or temporal. Examples: - the "Hallstatt" period (E4) is separated from the "La Tène" era (E4)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P134_continued /* comment "Scope note: This property allows two activities to be related where the domain is considered as an intentional continuation of the range. Used multiple times, this allows a chain of related activities to be created which follow each other in sequence. Examples: - the construction of the Kölner Dom (Cologne Cathedral) (E7), abandoned in the 15th century, was continued by construction in the 19th century adapting the initial plans so as to preserve the intended appearance (E7)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P135_created_type /* comment "Scope note: This property identifies the E55 Type, which is created in an E83Type Creation activity. Examples: - the description of a new ribbon worm species by Bürger (E83) created type 'Lineus coxinus (Bürger, 1892)' (E55)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P136_was_based_on /* comment "Scope note: This property identifies one or more items that were used as evidence to declare a new E55 Type. The examination of these items is often the only objective way to understand the precise characteristics of a new Type. Such items should be deposited in a museum or similar institution for that reason. The taxonomic role renders the specific relationship of each item to the Type, such as "holotype" or "original element". Examples: - the taxon creation of the plant species 'Serratula glauca Linné, 1753.' (E83) was based on Object BM000576251 of the Clayton Herbarium (E20) in the taxonomic role original element (E55)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P137_exemplifies /* comment "Scope note: This property allows an item to be declared as a particular example of an E55 Type or taxon. The P137.1 in the taxonomic role property of P137 exemplifies (is exemplified by) allows differentiation of taxonomic roles. The taxonomic role renders the specific relationship of this example to the Type, such as "prototypical", "archetypical", "lectotype", etc. The taxonomic role "lectotype" is not associated with the Type Creation (E83) itself, but selected in a later phase. Examples: - Object BM000098044 of the Clayton Herbarium (E20) exemplifies Spigelia marilandica (L.) L. (E55) in the taxonomic role lectotype" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P138_represents /* comment "Scope note: This property establishes the relationship between an E36 Visual Item and the entity that it visually represents. Any entity may be represented visually. This property is part of the fully developed path from E24 Physical Man-Made Thing through P65 shows visual item (is shown by), E36 Visual Item, P138 represents (has representation) to E1 CRM Entity, which is shortcut by P62depicts (is depicted by). P138.1 mode of representation allows the nature of the representation to be refined. This property is also used for the relationship between an original and a digitisation of the original by the use of techniques such as digital photography, flatbed or infrared scanning. Digitisation is here seen as a process with a mechanical, causal component rendering the spatial distribution of structural and optical properties of the original and does not necessarily include any visual similarity identifiable by human observation." Examples: - the digital file found at http://www.emunch.no/N/full/No-MM_N0001-01.jpg (E73) represents page 1 of Edward Munch's manuscript MM N 1, Munch-museet (E73) mode of representation Digitisation(E55)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P139_has_alternative_form /* comment "Scope note: This property establishes a relationship of equivalence between two instances of E41 Appellation independent from any item identified by them. It is a dynamic asymmetric relationship, where the range expresses the derivative, if such a direction can be established. Otherwise, the relationship is symmetric. The relationship is not transitive. The equivalence applies to all cases of use of an instance of E41 Appellation. Multiple names assigned to an object, which are not equivalent for all things identified with a specific instance of E41 Appellation, should be modelled as repeated values of P1 is identified by (identifies). P139.1 has type allows the type of derivation, such as "transliteration from Latin 1 to ASCII" be refined. Examples: - "Martin Doerr" (E41) has alternative form "Martin Dörr" (E41) has type Alternate spelling (E55) - "Гончарова, Наталья Сергеевна" (E41) has alternative form "Gončarova, Natal´â Sergeevna" (E41) has type ISO 9:1995 transliteration (E55) - "Αθήνα" has alternative form "Athina" has type transcription" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P13_destroyed /* comment "Scope note: This property allows specific instances of E18 Physical Thing that have been destroyed to be related to a destruction event. Destruction implies the end of an item's life as a subject of cultural documentation – the physical matter of which the item was composed may in fact continue to exist. A destruction event may be contiguous with a Production that brings into existence a derived object composed partly of matter from the destroyed object. Example: - the Tay Bridge Desaster (E6) destroyed The Tay Bridge (E22)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P140_assigned_attribute_to /* comment "Scope note: This property indicates the item to which an attribute or relation is assigned. Examples: - February 1997 Current Ownership Assessment of Martin Doerr's silver cup (E13) assigned attribute to Martin Doerr's silver cup (E19) - 01 June 1997 Identifier Assignment of the silver cup donated by Martin Doerr (E15) assigned attribute to silver cup 232 (E19)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P141_assigned /* comment "Scope note: This property indicates the attribute that was assigned or the item that was related to the item denoted by a property P140 assigned attribute to in an Attribute assignment action. Examples: - February 1997 Current Ownership Assessment of Martin Doerr's silver cup (E13) assigned Martin Doerr (E21) - 01 June 1997 Identifier Assignment of the silver cup donated by Martin Doerr (E15) assigned object identifier 232" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P142_used_constituent /* comment "Scope note: This property associates the event of assigning an instance of E42 Identifier with the instances of E90 Symbolic Object that were used as constituents of the identifier. Examples: - On June 1, 2001 assigning the personal name identifier “Guillaume, de Machaut, ca. 1300-1377” (E15) used constituent “ca. 1300-1377” (E49) - Assigning a uniform title to the anonymous textual work known as ‘The Adoration of the Shepherds’(E15) used constituent ‘Coventry’ (E48) - Assigning a uniform title to Pina Bausch’s choreographic work entitled ‘Rite of spring’ (E15) used constituent ‘(Choreographic Work: Bausch)’(E90) - Assigning a uniform title to the motion picture directed in 1933 by Merian C. Cooper and Ernest B. Schoedsack and entitled ‘King Kong’ (E15) used constituent ‘1933’ (E50) - Assigning the corporate name identifier ‘Univerza v Ljubljani. Oddelek za bibliotekarstvo’ to The Department for library science of the University of Ljubljana (E15) used constituent ‘Univerza v Ljubljani’ (E42)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P143_joined /* comment "Scope note: This property identifies the instance of E39 Actor that becomes member of a E74 Group in an E85 Joining. Joining events allow for describing people becoming members of a group with a more detailed path from E74 Group through P144 joined with (gained member by), E85 Joining, P143 joined (was joined by) to E39 Actor, compared to the shortcut offered by P107 has current or former member (is current or former member of). Examples: - the election of Sir Isaac Newton as Member of Parliament to the Convention Parliament of 1689 (E85) joined Sir Isaac Newton (E21) - the inauguration of Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev as leader of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) in 1985 (E85) joined Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev (E21) - the implementation of the membership treaty January 1. 1973 between EU and Denmark (E85) joined Denmark (E40)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P144_joined_with /* comment "Scope note: This property identifies the instance of E74 Group of which an instance of E39 Actor becomes a member through an instance of E85 Joining. Although a Joining activity normally concerns only one instance of E74 Group, it is possible to imagine circumstances under which becoming member of one Group implies becoming member of another Group as well. Joining events allow for describing people becoming members of a group with a more detailed path from E74 Group through P144 joined with (gained member by), E85 Joining, P143 joined (was joined by) to E39 Actor, compared to the shortcut offered by P1 has current or former member (is current or former member of). The property P144.1 kind of member can be used to specify the type of membership or the role the member has in the group. Examples: - the election of Sir Isaac Newton as Member of Parliament to the Convention Parliament of 1689 (E85) joined with the Convention Parliament (E40) - the inauguration of Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev as Leader of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) in 1985 (E85) joined with the office of Leader of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) (E40) with P144.1 kind of member President (E55) - the implementation of the membership treaty January 1. 1973 between EU and Denmark (E85) joined with EU (E40)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P145_separated /* comment "Scope note: This property identifies the instance of E39 Actor that leaves an instance of E74 Group through an instance of E86 Leaving. Examples: - the end of Sir Isaac Newton's duty as Member of Parliament for the University of Cambridge to the Convention Parliament in 1702 separated Sir Isaac Newton - George Washington's leaving office in 1797 separated George Washington - the implementation of the treaty regulating the termination of Greenland membership in EU between EU, Denmark and Greenland February 1. 1985 (E86) separated Greenland (E40)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P146_separated_from /* comment "Scope note: This property identifies the instance of E74 Group an instance of E39 Actor leaves through an instance of E86 Leaving. Although a Leaving activity normally concerns only one instance of E74 Group, it is possible to imagine circumstances under which leaving one E74 Group implies leaving another E74 Group as well. Examples: - The end of Sir Isaac Newton's duty as Member of Parliament for the University of Cambridge to the Convention Parliament in 1702 separated from the Convention Parliament - George Washington's leaving office in 1797 separated from the office of President of the United States - the implementation of the treaty regulating the termination of Greenland membership in EU between EU, Denmark and Greenland February 1. 1985 separated from EU (E40)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P147_curated /* comment "Scope note: This property associates an instance of E87 Curation Activity with the instance of E78 Collection or collections with that is subject of athat curation activity following some implicit or explicit curation plan. Examples: - the activities (E87) by the Benaki Museum curated the acquisition of dolls and games of urban and folk manufacture dating from the 17th to the 20th century, from England, France and Germany for the "Toys, Games and Childhood Collection (E78) of the Museum - the activities (E87) of the Historical Museum of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, curated the development of the permanent Numismatic Collection (E78) - the activities (E87) by Mikael Heggelund Foslie curated the Mikael Heggelund Foslie's coralline red algae Herbarium" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P148_has_component /* comment "Scope note: This property associates an instance of E89 Propositional Object with a structural part of it that is by itself an instance of E89 Propositional Object. Examples: - Dante's "Divine Comedy" (E89) has component Dante's "Hell" (E89)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P149_is_identified_by /* comment "Scope note: This property identifies an instance of E28 Conceptual Object using an instance of E75 Conceptual Object Appellation. Examples: - The German edition of the CIDOC CRM (E73) is identified by ISBN 978-3-00-030907-6 (E75)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P14_carried_out_by /* comment "Scope note: This property describes the active participation of an E39 Actor in an E7 Activity. It implies causal or legal responsibility. The P14.1 in the role of property of the property allows the nature of an Actor's participation to be specified. Examples: - the painting of the Sistine Chapel (E7) carried out by Michaelangelo Buonaroti (E21) in the role of master craftsman (E55)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P150_defines_typical_parts_of /* comment "Scope note: The property “broaderPartitive” associates an instance of E55 Type “A” with an instance of E55 Type “B”, when items of type “A” typically form part of items of type “B”, such as “car motors” and “cars”. It allows Types to be organised into hierarchies. This is the sense of "broader term partitive (BTP)" as defined in ISO 2788 and “broaderPartitive” in SKOS. Examples: - Car motors (E55) has broader term cars (E55)" (string) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P151_was_formed_from /* comment "Scope note: This property associates an instance of E66 Formation with an instance of E74 Group from which the new group was formed preserving a sense of continuity such as in mission, membership or tradition. Examples: - The formation of the House of Bourbon-Conti in 1581 (E66) was formed from House of Condé (E74)" (string) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P152_has_parent /* comment "Scope note: It appears that there is a notion of events justifying parenthood relationships in a biological or legal sense. There is a notion of legal parenthood being equal to or equivalent to biological parenthood. The fact that the legal system may not acknowledge biological parenthood is not a contradiction to a more general concept comprising both biological and legal sense. In particular, such a notion should imply as default children being heirs, if the society supports such concept. Superproperty of paths for was born – gave birth, was born, by father.." (string) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P153_assigned_co-reference_to /* comment "Scope note: This property connects an E91 Co-Reference Assignment to one of the propositional objects co-referring to the co-reference target" (string) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P154_assigned_non_co-reference_to /* comment "Scope Note: This property connects an E91 Co-Reference Assignment to one of the propositional objects not co-referring to the co-reference target" (string) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P155_has_co-reference_target /* comment "Scope note: This property connects an E91 Co-Reference Assignment to the target of the references that are regarded as co-referring." (string) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P156_occupies /* comment "Scope note: This property describes the maximal real volume in space that an instance of E18 Physical Thing has occupied during its lifetime with respect to a reference space relative to which the thing is at rest. In other words, it is the volume that contains all the points which the thing has covered at some time during its existence. In the case of an E26 Physical Feature the default reference space is the one in which the object that bears the feature or at least the surrounding matter of the feature is at rest. In this case there is a 1:1 relation of E26 Feature and E5 3 Place. For simplicity of implementation multiple inheritance (E26 Feature IsA E53 Pl ace) may be a practical approach. For instances of E19 Physical Obj ects the default reference space is the one which is at rest to the object itself, i.e. which moves to gether with the object. We include in the occupied space the space filled by the matter of the physical thing and all its inner spaces. This property is a shortcut of the fully developed path from ‘E18 Physical Thing’ through ‘P157 occupied’, ‘E92 Spacetime Volume’, ‘P159 has spatial projection’ to ‘E53 Place’ . For some instances of E18 Physical Object the relative stability of form may not be sufficient to define a useful local reference space, for instance for an amoeba. In such cases the fully developed path to an external reference space and using a temporal validity component may be adeq uate to determine the place they have occupied. In contrast to P156 occupies, the property P53 has former or current location identifies an instance of E53 Place at which a thing is or has been for some uns pecified time span. Furt her it does not constrain this reference space of the re ferred instance of P53 Place. Examples:" (string) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P157_is_at_rest_relative_to /* comment "Scope note: This property associates an instance of E53 Place with the in stance of E18 Physical Thing that determines a reference space for this instance of E53 Place by being at rest with respect to this reference space. The relative stability of form of an E18 Physical Thing defines its default reference space. The reference space is not spatially limited to the referred thing. For example, a ship determines a reference space in terms of which other ships in its neighbourhood may be described. Larger constellations of matter, such as continental plates, may comprise many physical features that are at rest with them and define the same reference space. Examples:" (string) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P158_occupied /* comment "Scope note: This property associates an instance of E4 Period with the real (phenomenal) 4 dimensional point set (volume) in spacetime that it has occupied. The associated instance of E92 Spacetime Volume includes the trajectories of the participating physical things during their participation in the instance of E4 Period, the open spaces via which they have interacted and the spaces by which they had the potential to interact during that period or event in the way defined by the type of the respective period or event, such as the air in a meeting room transferring the voices. Another example are the areas controlled by some military power. In general, instances of E4 Period have fuzzy boundaries in spacetime. Examples:" (string) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P159_occupied /* comment "Scope note: This property describes the real (phenomenal) 4 dimensional point sets (volumes) in spacetime that the trajectory of an instance of E18 Physical Thing occupies in spacetime in the course of its existence. We include in the occupied space the space filled by the matter of the physical thing and all its inner spaces. Examples:" (string) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P15_was_influenced_by /* comment "Scope note: This is a high level property, which captures the relationship between an E7 Activity and anything that may have had some bearing upon it. The property has more specific sub properties. Examples: - the designing of the Sydney Harbour Bridge (E7) was influenced by the Tyne bridge (E22)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P160_has_temporal_projection /* comment "Scope note: This property describes the temporal projection of an instance of an E92 Spacetime Volume. The property P4 has time-span is a shortcut of the more fully developed path from E4 Period through P158 occupied, E92 Spacetime Volume P160 has temporal projection to E52 Time Span. Examples:" (string) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P161_has_spatial_projection /* comment "Scope note: This property associates an instance of a E92 Spacetime Volume with an instance of E53 Place that is the result of the spatial projection of the instance of a E92 Spacetime Volume on a reference space. In general there can be more than one useful reference space to describe the spatial projection of a spacetime volume, such as that of a battle ship versus that of the seafloor. Therefore the projection is not unique. The property P7 took place at is a shortcut of the more fully developed path from E4 Period through P158 occupied, E92 Spacetime Volume P161 has spatial projection to E53 Place. Examples:" (string) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P162_is_restricted_by /* comment "Scope note: This property relates an E93 Spacetime Snapshot with an arbitrary E92Spacetime Volume that restricts the extent of the former to a volume equal to or within the latter. Examples:" (string) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P163_is_restricted_by /* comment "Scope note: This property relates an E93 Spacetime Snapshot with an arbitrary instance of E53 Place that restricts the extent of the former to a volume within the back-projection of the instance of E53 Place to all times. If the instance of E53 Place is defined in two dimensions only, such as the footprint of a building, the place needs also to be back-projected into the third dimension. Examples:" (string) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P164_is_restricted_by /* comment "Scope note: This property relates an E93 Spacetime Snapshot with an arbitrary E52 Time-Span that restricts the extent of the former to a volume within these time limits. Examples:" (string) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P16_used_specific_object /* comment "Scope note: This property describes the use of material or immaterial things in a way essential to the performance or the outcome of an E7 Activity. This property typically applies to tools, instruments, moulds, raw materials and items embedded in a product. It implies that the presence of the object in question was a necessary condition for the action. For example, the activity of writing this text required the use of a computer. An immaterial thing can be used if at least one of its carriers is present. For example, the software tools on a computer. Another example is the use of a particular name by a particular group of people over some span to identify a thing, such as a settlement. In this case, the physical carriers of this name are at least the people understanding its use. Examples: - the writing of this scope note (E7) used specific object Nicholas Crofts' computer (E22) mode of use Typing Tool; Storage Medium (E55) - the people of Iraq calling the place identified by TGN '7017998' (E7) used specific object "Quyunjig" (E44) mode of use Current; Vernacular (E55)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P17_was_motivated_by /* comment "Scope note: This property describes an item or items that are regarded as a reason for carrying out the E7 Activity. For example, the discovery of a large hoard of treasure may call for a celebration, an order from head quarters can start a military manoeuvre. Examples: - the resignation of the chief executive (E7) was motivated by the collapse of Swiss Air (E68); - the coronation of Elizabeth II (E7) was motivated by the death of George VI (E69)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P19_was_intended_use_of /* comment "Scope note: This property relates an E7 Activity with objects created specifically for use in the activity. This is distinct from the intended use of an item in some general type of activity such as the book of common prayer which was intended for use in Church of England services (see P101 had as general use (was use of)). Examples: - Lady Diana Spencer's wedding dress (E71) was made for Wedding of Prince Charles and Lady Diana Spencer (E7) mode use of To Be Worn (E55)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P1_is_identified_by /* comment "Scope note: This property describes the naming or identification of any real world item by a name or any other identifier. This property is intended for identifiers in general use, which form part of the world the model intends to describe, and not merely for internal database identifiers which are specific to a technical system, unless these latter also have a more general use outside the technical context. This property includes in particular identification by mathematical expressions such as coordinate systems used for the identification of instances of E53 Place. The property does not reveal anything about when, where and by whom this identifier was used. A more detailed representation can be made using the fully developed (i.e. indirect) path through E15 Identifier Assignment. Examples: - the capital of Italy (E53) is identified by "Rome" (E48) - text 25014-32 (E33) is identified by "The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire" (E35)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P20_had_specific_purpose /* comment "Scope note: This property identifies the relationship between a preparatory activity and the event it is intended to be preparation for. This includes activities, orders and other organisational actions, taken in preparation for other activities or events. P20 had specific purpose (was purpose of) implies that an activity succeeded in achieving its aim. If it does not succeed, such as the setting of a trap that did not catch anything, one may document the unrealized intention using P21 had general purpose (was purpose of):E55 Type and/or P33 used specific technique (was used by): E29 Design or Procedure. Examples: - Van Eyck's pigment grinding in 1432 (E7) had specific purpose the painting of the Ghent alter piece (E12)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P21_had_general_purpose /* comment "Scope note: This property describes an intentional relationship between an E7 Activity and some general goal or purpose. This may involve activities intended as preparation for some type of activity or event. P21 had general purpose (was purpose of) differs from P20 had specific purpose (was purpose of) in that no occurrence of an event is implied as the purpose. Examples: - Van Eyck's pigment grinding (E7) had general purpose painting (E55) - the setting of trap 2742 on May 17th 1874 (E7) had general purpose Catching Moose (E55) (Activity type)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P22_transferred_title_to /* comment "Scope note: This property identifies the E39 Actor that acquires the legal ownership of an object as a result of an E8 Acquisition. The property will typically describe an Actor purchasing or otherwise acquiring an object from another Actor. However, title may also be acquired, without any corresponding loss of title by another Actor, through legal fieldwork such as hunting, shooting or fishing. In reality the title is either transferred to or from someone, or both. Examples: - acquisition of the Amoudrouz collection by the Geneva Ethnography Museum (E8) transferred title to Geneva Ethnography Museum (E74)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P23_transferred_title_from /* comment "Scope note: This property identifies the E39 Actor or Actors who relinquish legal ownership as the result of an E8 Acquisition. The property will typically be used to describe a person donating or selling an object to a museum. In reality title is either transferred to or from someone, or both. Examples: - acquisition of the Amoudrouz collection by the Geneva Ethnographic Museum (E8) transferred title from Heirs of Amoudrouz (E74)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P24_transferred_title_of /* comment "Scope note: This property identifies the E18 Physical Thing or things involved in an E8 Acquisition. In reality, an acquisition must refer to at least one transferred item. Examples: - acquisition of the Amoudrouz collection by the Geneva Ethnographic Museum (E8) transferred title of Amoudrouz Collection (E78)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P25_moved /* comment "Scope note: This property identifies the E19 Physical Object that is moved during a move event. The property implies the object's passive participation. For example, Monet's painting "Impression sunrise" was moved for the first Impressionist exhibition in 1874. In reality, a move must concern at least one object. Examples: - Monet's "Impression sunrise" (E22) moved by preparations for the First Impressionist Exhibition (E9)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P26_moved_to /* comment "Scope note: This property identifies the destination of a E9 Move. A move will be linked to a destination, such as the move of an artefact from storage to display. A move may be linked to many terminal instances of E53 Places. In this case the move describes a distribution of a set of objects. The area of the move includes the origin, route and destination. Examples: - the movement of Tut-Ankh-Amun Exhibition (E9) moved to The British Museum (E53)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P27_moved_from /* comment "Scope note: This property identifies the starting E53 Place of an E9 Move. A move will be linked to an origin, such as the move of an artefact from storage to display. A move may be linked to many origins. In this case the move describes the picking up of a set of objects. The area of the move includes the origin, route and destination. Examples: - the movement of Tut-Ankh-Amun Exhibition (E9) moved from The Egyptian Museum in Cairo (E53)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P28_custody_surrendered_by /* comment "Scope note: This property identifies the E39 Actor or Actors who surrender custody of an instance of E18 Physical Thing in an E10 Transfer of Custody activity. The property will typically describe an Actor surrendering custody of an object when it is handed over to someone else's care. On occasion, physical custody may be surrendered involuntarily – through accident, loss or theft. In reality, custody is either transferred to someone or from someone, or both. Examples: - the Secure Deliveries Inc. crew (E40) surrendered custody through The delivery of the paintings by Secure Deliveries Inc. to the National Gallery (E10)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P29_custody_received_by /* comment "Scope note: This property identifies the E39 Actor or Actors who receive custody of an instance of E18 Physical Thing in an E10 Transfer of Custody activity. The property will typically describe Actors receiving custody of an object when it is handed over from another Actor's care. On occasion, physical custody may be received involuntarily or illegally – through accident, unsolicited donation, or theft. In reality, custody is either transferred to someone or from someone, or both. Examples: - representatives of The National Gallery (E40) received custody through The delivery of the paintings of by Secure Delivieries Inc. to the National Gallery (E10)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P2_has_type /* comment "Scope note: This property allows sub typing of CRM entities - a form of specialisation – through the use of a terminological hierarchy, or thesaurus. The CRM is intended to focus on the high-level entities and relationships needed to describe data structures. Consequently, it does not specialise entities any further than is required for this immediate purpose. However, entities in the isA hierarchy of the CRM may by specialised into any number of sub entities, which can be defined in the E55 Type hierarchy. E51 Contact Point, for example, may be specialised into "e-mail address", "telephone number", "post office box", "URL" etc. none of which figures explicitly in the CRM hierarchy. Sub typing obviously requires consistency between the meaning of the terms assigned and the more general intent of the CRM entity in question. Examples: - "enquiries@cidoc-crm.org" (E51) has type e-mail address (E55)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P30_transferred_custody_of /* comment "Scope note: This property identifies an item or items of E18 Physical Thing concerned in an E10 Transfer of Custody activity. The property will typically describe the object that is handed over by an E39 Actor to another Actor's custody. On occasion, physical custody may be transferred involuntarily or illegally – through accident, unsolicited donation, or theft. Examples: - the delivery of paintings by Secure Deliveries Inc. to the National Gallery (E10) transferred custody of paintings from The Iveagh Bequest (E19)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P31_has_modified /* comment "Scope note: This property identifies the E24 Physical Man-Made Thing modified in an E11 Modification. If a modification is applied to a non-man-made object, it is regarded as an E22 Man-Made Object from that time onwards. Examples: - rebuilding of the Reichstag (E11) has modified the Reichstag in Berlin (E24)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P32_used_general_technique /* comment "Scope note: This property identifies the technique that was employed in an act of modification. These techniques should be drawn from an external E55 Type hierarchy of consistent terminology of general techniques such as embroidery, oil-painting, etc. Specific techniques may be further described as instances of E29 Design or Procedure. Examples: - ornamentation of silver cup 113 (E11) used general technique gold-plating (E55) (Design or Procedure Type)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P33_used_specific_technique /* comment "Scope note: This property identifies a specific instance of E29 Design or Procedure in order to carry out an instance of E7 Activity or parts of it. The property differs from P32 used general technique (was technique of) in that P33 refers to an instance of E29 Design or Procedure, which is a concrete information object in its own right rather than simply being a term or a method known by tradition. Typical examples would include intervention plans for conservation or the construction plans of a building. Examples: - Ornamentation of silver cup 232 (E11) used specific technique 'Instructions for golden chase work by A N Other' (E29) - Rebuilding of Reichstag (E11) used specific technique Architectural plans by Foster and Partners (E29)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P34_concerned /* comment "Scope note: This property identifies the E18 Physical Thing that was assessed during an E14 Condition Assessment activity. Conditions may be assessed either by direct observation or using recorded evidence. In the latter case the E18 Physical Thing does not need to be present or extant. Examples: - 1997 condition assessment of the silver collection (E14) concerned silver cup 232 (E22)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P35_has_identified /* comment "Scope note: This property identifies the E3 Condition State that was observed in an E14 Condition Assessment activity. Examples: - 1997 condition assessment of silver cup 232 (E14) has identified oxidation traces were present in 1997 (E3) has type oxidation traces (E55)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P37_assigned /* comment "Scope note: This property records the identifier that was assigned to an item in an Identifier Assignment activity. The same identifier may be assigned on more than one occasion. An Identifier might be created prior to an assignment. Examples: - 01 June 1997 Identifier Assignment of the silver cup donated by Martin Doerr (E15) assigned "232" (E42)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P38_deassigned /* comment "Scope note: This property records the identifier that was deassigned from an instance of E1 CRM Entity. Deassignment of an identifier may be necessary when an item is taken out of an inventory, a new numbering system is introduced or items are merged or split up. The same identifier may be deassigned on more than one occasion. Examples: - 31 July 2001 Identifier Assignment of the silver cup OXCMS:2001.1.32 (E15) deassigned "232" (E42)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P39_measured /* comment "Scope note: This property associates an instance of E16 Measurement with the instance of E1 CRM Entity to which it applied. An instance of E1 CRM Entity may be measured more than once. Material and immaterial things and processes may be measured, e.g. the number of words in a text, or the duration of an event. Examples: - 31 August 1997 measurement of height of silver cup 232 (E16) measured silver cup 232 (E22)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P3_has_note /* comment "Scope note: This property is a container for all informal descriptions about an object that have not been expressed in terms of CRM constructs. In particular it captures the characterisation of the item itself, its internal structures, appearance etc. Like property P2 has type (is type of), this property is a consequence of the restricted focus of the CRM. The aim is not to capture, in a structured form, everything that can be said about an item; indeed, the CRM formalism is not regarded as sufficient to express everything that can be said. Good practice requires use of distinct note fields for different aspects of a characterisation. The P3.1 has type property of P3 has note allows differentiation of specific notes, e.g. "construction", "decoration" etc. An item may have many notes, but a note is attached to a specific item. Examples: - coffee mug - OXCMS:1983.1.1 (E19) has note "chipped at edge of handle"" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P40_observed_dimension /* comment "Scope note: This property records the dimension that was observed in an E16 Measurement Event. E54 Dimension can be any quantifiable aspect of E70 Thing. Weight, image colour depth and monetary value are dimensions in this sense. One measurement activity may determine more than one dimension of one object. Dimensions may be determined either by direct observation or using recorded evidence. In the latter case the measured Thing does not need to be present or extant. Even though knowledge of the value of a dimension requires measurement, the dimension may be an object of discourse prior to, or even without, any measurement being made. Examples: - 31 August 1997 measurement of height of silver cup 232 (E16) observed dimension silver cup 232 height (E54) has unit mm (E58), has value 224 (E60)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P41_classified /* comment "Scope note: This property records the item to which a type was assigned in an E17 Type Assignment activity. Any instance of a CRM entity may be assigned a type through type assignment. Type assignment events allow a more detailed path from E1 CRM Entity through P41 classified (was classified), E17 Type Assignment, P42 assigned (was assigned by) to E55 Type for assigning types to objects compared to the shortcut offered by P2 has type (is type of). Examples: - 31 August 1997 classification of silver cup 232 (E17) classified silver cup 232 (E22)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P42_assigned /* comment "Scope note: This property records the type that was assigned to an entity by an E17 Type Assignment activity. Type assignment events allow a more detailed path from E1 CRM Entity through P41 classified (was classified by), E17 Type Assignment, P42 assigned (was assigned by) to E55 Type for assigning types to objects compared to the shortcut offered by P2 has type (is type of). For example, a fragment of an antique vessel could be assigned the type "attic red figured belly handled amphora" by expert A. The same fragment could be assigned the type "shoulder handled amphora" by expert B. A Type may be intellectually constructed independent from assigning an instance of it. Examples: - 31 August 1997 classification of silver cup 232 (E17) assigned goblet (E55)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P43_has_dimension /* comment "Scope note: This property records a E54 Dimension of some E70 Thing. It is a shortcut of the more fully developed path from E70 Thing through P39 measured (was measured by), E16 Measurement P40 observed dimension (was observed in) to E54 Dimension. It offers no information about how and when an E54 Dimension was established, nor by whom. An instance of E54 Dimension is specific to an instance of E70 Thing. Examples: - silver cup 232 (E22) has dimension height of silver cup 232 (E54) has unit (P91) mm (E58), has value (P90) 224 (E60)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P44_has_condition /* comment "Scope note: This property identifies the instances of E57 Materials of which an instance of E18 Physical Thing is composed. All physical things consist of physical materials. P45 consists of (is incorporated in) allows the different Materials to be recorded. P45 consists of (is incorporated in) refers here to observed Material as opposed to the consumed raw material. A Material, such as a theoretical alloy, may not have any physical instances. Examples: - silver cup 232 (E22) has condition oxidation traces were present in 1997 (E3) has type oxidation traces (E55). " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P45_consists_of /* comment "Scope note: This property identifies the instances of E57 Materials of which an instance of E18 Physical Thing is composed. All physical things consist of physical materials. P45 consists of (is incorporated in) allows the different Materials to be recorded. P45 consists of (is incorporated in) refers here to observed Material as opposed to the consumed raw material. A Material, such as a theoretical alloy, may not have any physical instances. silver cup 232 (E22) consists of silver (E57)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P46_is_composed_of /* comment "Scope note: This property allows instances of E18 Physical Thing to be analysed into component elements. Component elements, since they are themselves instances of E18 Physical Thing, may be further analysed into sub-components, thereby creating a hierarchy of part decomposition. An instance of E18 Physical Thing may be shared between multiple wholes, for example two buildings may share a common wall. This property is intended to describe specific components that are individually documented, rather than general aspects. Overall descriptions of the structure of an instance of E18 Physical Thing are captured by the P3 has note property. The instances of E57 Materials of which an item of E18 Physical Thing is composed should be documented using P45 consists of (is incorporated in). Examples: - the Royal carriage (E22) forms part of the Royal train (E22) - the "Hog's Back" (E24) forms part of the "Fosseway" (E24)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P48_has_preferred_identifier /* comment "Scope note: This property records the preferred E42 Identifier that was used to identify an instance of E1 CRM Entity at the time this property was recorded. More than one preferred identifier may have been assigned to an item over time. Use of this property requires an external mechanism for assigning temporal validity to the respective CRM instance. P48 has preferred identifier (is preferred identifier of), is a shortcut for the path from E1 CRM Entity through P140 assigned attribute to (was attributed by), E15 Identifier Assignment, P37 assigned (was assigned by) to E42 Identifier. The fact that an identifier is a preferred one for an organisation can be better expressed in a context independent form by assigning a suitable E55 Type to the respective instance of E15 Identifier Assignment using the P2 has type property. Examples: - the pair of Lederhosen donated by Dr Martin Doerr (E22) has preferred identifier OXCMS:2001.1.32 (E42)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P49_has_former_or_current_keeper /* comment "Scope note: This property identifies the E39 Actor or Actors who have or have had custody of an instance of E18 Physical Thing at some time. The distinction with P50 has current keeper (is current keeper of) is that P49 has former or current keeper (is former or current keeper of) leaves open the question as to whether the specified keepers are current. P49 has former or current keeper (is former or current keeper of) is a shortcut for the more detailed path from E18 Physical Thing through P30 transferred custody of (custody transferred through), E10 Transfer of Custody, P28 custody surrendered by (surrendered custody through) or P29 custody received by (received custody through) to E39 Actor. Examples: - paintings from The Iveagh Bequest (E18) has former or current keeper Secure Deliveries Inc. (E40)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P4_has_time-span /* comment "Scope note: This property describes the temporal confinement of an instance of an E2 Temporal Entity. The related E52 Time-Span is understood as the real Time-Span during which the phenomena were active, which make up the temporal entity instance. It does not convey any other meaning than a positioning on the "time-line" of chronology. The Time-Span in turn is approximated by a set of dates (E61 Time Primitive). A temporal entity can have in reality only one Time-Span, but there may exist alternative opinions about it, which we would express by assigning multiple Time-Spans. Related temporal entities may share a Time-Span. Time-Spans may have completely unknown dates but other descriptions by which we can infer knowledge. Examples: - the Yalta Conference (E7) has time-span Yalta Conference time-span (E52)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P50_has_current_keeper /* comment "Scope note: This property identifies the E39 Actor or Actors who had custody of an instance of E18 Physical Thing at the time of validity of the record or database containing the statement that uses this property. P50 has current keeper (is current keeper of) is a shortcut for the more detailed path from E18 Physical Thing through P30 transferred custody of (custody transferred through), E10 Transfer of Custody, P29 custody received by (received custody through) to E39 Actor. Examples: - painting from The Iveagh Bequest (E18) has current keeper The National Gallery (E40)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P51_has_former_or_current_owner /* comment "Scope note: This property identifies the E39 Actor that is or has been the legal owner (i.e. title holder) of an instance of E18 Physical Thing at some time. The distinction with P52 has current owner (is current owner of) is that P51 has former or current owner (is former or current owner of) does not indicate whether the specified owners are current. P51 has former or current owner (is former or current owner of) is a shortcut for the more detailed path from E18 Physical Thing through P24 transferred title of (changed ownership through), E8 Acquisition, P23 transferred title from (surrendered title through), or P22 transferred title to (acquired title through) to E39 Actor. Examples: - paintings from the Iveagh Bequest (E18) has former or current owner Lord Iveagh (E21)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P52_has_current_owner /* comment "Scope note: This property identifies the E21 Person, E74 Group or E40 Legal Body that was the owner of an instance of E18 Physical Thing at the time of validity of the record or database containing the statement that uses this property. P52 has current owner (is current owner of) is a shortcut for the more detailed path from E18 Physical Thing through P24 transferred title of (changed ownership through), E8 Acquisition, P22 transferred title to (acquired title through) to E39 Actor, if and only if this acquisition event is the most recent. Examples: - paintings from the Iveagh Bequest (E18) has current owner «English Heritage» (E40)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P53_has_former_or_current_location /* comment "Scope note: This property allows an instance of E53 Place to be associated as the former or current location of an instance of E18 Physical Thing. In the case of E19 Physical Objects, the property does not allow any indication of the Time-Span during which the Physical Object was located at this Place, nor if this is the current location. In the case of immobile objects, the Place would normally correspond to the Place of creation. P53 has former or current location (is former or current location of) is a shortcut. A more detailed representation can make use of the fully developed (i.e. indirect) path from E19 Physical Object through P25 moved (moved by), E9 Move, P26 moved to (was destination of) or P27 moved from (was origin of) to E53 Place. Examples: - silver cup 232 (E22) has former or current location Display Case 4, Room 23, Museum of Oxford (E53)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P54_has_current_permanent_location /* comment "Scope note: This property records the foreseen permanent location of an instance of E19 Physical Object at the time of validity of the record or database containing the statement that uses this property. P54 has current permanent location (is current permanent location of) is similar to P55 has current location (currently holds). However, it indicates the E53 Place currently reserved for an object, such as the permanent storage location or a permanent exhibit location. The object may be temporarily removed from the permanent location, for example when used in temporary exhibitions or loaned to another institution. The object may never actually be located at its permanent location. Examples: - silver cup 232 (E22) has current permanent location Shelf 3.1, Store 2, Museum of Oxford (E53)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P55_has_current_location /* comment "Scope note: This property records the location of an E19 Physical Object at the time of validity of the record or database containing the statement that uses this property. This property is a specialisation of P53 has former or current location (is former or current location of). It indicates that the E53 Place associated with the E19 Physical Object is the current location of the object. The property does not allow any indication of how long the Object has been at the current location. P55 has current location (currently holds) is a shortcut. A more detailed representation can make use of the fully developed (i.e. indirect) path from E19 Physical Object through P25 moved (moved by), E9 Move P26 moved to (was destination of) to E53 Place if and only if this Move is the most recent. Examples: - silver cup 232 (E22) has current location Display cabinet 23, Room 4, British Museum (E53)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P56_bears_feature /* comment "Scope note: This property links an instance of E19 Physical Object to an instance of E26 Physical Feature that it bears. An E26 Physical Feature can only exist on one object. One object may bear more than one E26 Physical Feature. An E27 Site should be considered as an E26 Physical Feature on the surface of the Earth. An instance B of E26 Physical Feature being a detail of the structure of another instance A of E26 Physical Feature can be linked to B by use of the property P46 is composed of (forms part of). This implies that the subfeature B is P56i found on the same E19 Physical Object as A. P56 bears feature (is found on) is a shortcut. A more detailed representation can make use of the fully developed (i.e. indirect) path from E19 Physical Object through P59 has section (is located on or within), E53 Place, P53 has former or current location (is former or current location of) to E26 Physical Feature. Examples: - silver cup 232 (E22) bears feature 32 mm scratch on silver cup 232 (E26)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P57_has_number_of_parts /* comment "Scope note: This property documents the number of parts of which an instance of E19 Physical Object is composed. This may be used as a method of checking inventory counts with regard to aggregate or collective objects. What constitutes a part or component depends on the context and requirements of the documentation. Normally, the parts documented in this way would not be considered as worthy of individual attention. For a more complete description, objects may be decomposed into their components and constituents using P46 is composed of (forms parts of) and P45 consists of (is incorporated in). This allows each element to be described individually. Examples: - chess set 233 (E22) has number of parts "33"" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P58_has_section_definition /* comment "Scope note: This property links an area (section) named by a E46 Section Definition to the instance of E18 Physical Thing upon which it is found. The CRM handles sections as locations (instances of E53 Place) within or on E18 Physical Thing that are identified by E46 Section Definitions. Sections need not be discrete and separable components or parts of an object. This is part of a more developed path from E18 Physical Thing through P58, E46 Section Definition, P87 is identified by (identifies) that allows a more precise definition of a location found on an object than the shortcut P59 has section (is located on or within). A particular instance of a Section Definition only applies to one instance of Physical Thing. Examples: - HMS Victory (E22) has section definition "poop deck of HMS Victory" (E46)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P59_has_section /* comment "Scope note: This property links an area to the instance of E18 Physical Thing upon which it is found. It is typically used when a named E46 Section Definition is not appropriate. E18 Physical Thing may be subdivided into arbitrary regions. P59 has section (is located on or within) is a shortcut. If the E53 Place is identified by a Section Definition, a more detailed representation can make use of the fully developed (i.e. indirect) path from E18 Physical Thing through P58 has section definition (defines section), E46 Section Definition, P87 is identified by (identifies) to E53 Place. A Place can only be located on or within one Physical Object. Examples: - HMS Victory (E22) has section HMS Victory section B347.6 (E53)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P5_consists_of /* comment "Scope note: This property describes the decomposition of an E3 Condition State into discrete, subsidiary states. It is assumed that the sub-states into which the condition state is analysed form a logical whole - although the entire story may not be completely known – and that the sub-states are in fact constitutive of the general condition state. For example, a general condition state of "in ruins" may be decomposed into the individual stages of decay. Examples: - The Condition State of the ruined Parthenon (E3) consists of the bombarded state after the explosion of a Venetian shell in 1687 (E3)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P62_depicts /* comment "Scope note: This property identifies something that is depicted by an instance of E24 Physical Man-Made Thing. This property is a shortcut of the more fully developed path from E24 Physical Man-Made Thing through P65 shows visual item (is shown by), E36 Visual Item, P138 represents (has representation) to E1 CRM Entity. P62.1 mode of depiction allows the nature of the depiction to be refined. Examples: - the painting "La Liberté guidant le peuple" by Eugène Delacroix (E84) depicts the French "July Revolution" of 1830 (E7) - the 20 pence coin held by the Department of Coins and Medals of the British Museum under registration number 2006,1101.126 (E24) depicts Queen Elizabeth II (E21) mode of depiction Profile (E55)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P65_shows_visual_item /* comment "Scope note: This property documents an E36 Visual Item shown by an instance of E24 Physical Man-Made Thing. This property is similar to P62 depicts (is depicted by) in that it associates an item of E24 Physical Man-Made Thing with a visual representation. However, P65 shows visual item (is shown by) differs from the P62 depicts (is depicted by) property in that it makes no claims about what the E36 Visual Item is deemed to represent. E36 Visual Item identifies a recognisable image or visual symbol, regardless of what this image may or may not represent. For example, all recent British coins bear a portrait of Queen Elizabeth II, a fact that is correctly documented using P62 depicts (is depicted by). Different portraits have been used at different periods, however. P65 shows visual item (is shown by) can be used to refer to a particular portrait. P65 shows visual item (is shown by) may also be used for Visual Items such as signs, marks and symbols, for example the 'Maltese Cross' or the 'copyright symbol' that have no particular representational content. This property is part of the fully developed path from E24 Physical Man-Made Thing through P65 shows visual item (is shown by), E36 Visual Item, P138 represents (has representation) to E1 CRM Entity which is shortcut by, P62 depicts (is depicted by). Examples: - my T-Shirt (E22) shows visual item Mona Lisa (E38)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P67_refers_to /* comment "Scope note: An E73 Information Object may refer to any other E1 CRM Entity. This property documents that an E89 Propositional Object makes a statement about an instance of an E1 CRM Entity. P67 refers to (is referred to by) has the P67.1 has type link to an instance of E55 Type. This is intended to allow a more detailed description of the type of reference. This differs from P129 is about (is subject of), which describes the primary subject or subjects of the E89 Propositional Object. Examples: - the eBay auction listing for 4 July 2002 (E73) refers to silver cup 232 (E22) has type auction listing (E55)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P68_foresees_use_of /* comment "Scope note: This property identifies an E57 Material foreseeen to be used by an E29 Design or Procedure. E29 Designs and procedures commonly foresee the use of particular E57 Materials. The fabrication of adobe bricks, for example, requires straw, clay and water. This property enables this to be documented. This property is not intended for the documentation of E57 Materials that were used on a particular occasion when an instance of E29 Design or Procedure was executed. Examples: - procedure for soda glass manufacture (E29) foresees use of soda (E57)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P69_has_association_with /* comment "Scope note: This property generalises relationships like whole-part, sequence, prerequisite or inspired by between instances of E29 Design or Procedure. Any instance of E29 Design or Procedure may be associated with other designs or procedures. The property is considered to be symmetrical unless otherwise indicated by P69.1 has type. The P69.1 has type property of P69 has association with allows the nature of the association to be specified reading from domain to range; examples of types of association between instances of E29 Design or Procedure include: has part, follows, requires, etc. The property can typically be used to model the decomposition of the description of a complete workflow into a series of separate procedures. Examples: - Procedure for glass blowing (E29) has association with procedure for glass heating (E29) - The set of instructions for performing Macbeth in Max Reinhardt's production in 1916 in Berlin at Deutsches Theater (E29) has association with the scene design drawing by Ernst Stern reproduced at http://www.glopad.org/pi/fr/record/digdoc/1003814 (E29) has type has part (E55) - Preparation of parchment (E29) has association with soaking and unhairing of skin (E29) has type ‘has part’ (E55). Preparation of parchment (E29) has association with stretching of skin (E29) has type ‘has part’ (E55). Stretching of skin (E29) has association with soaking and unhairing of skin (E29) has type ‘follows’ (E55)." (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P70_documents /* comment "Scope note: This property describes the CRM Entities documented by instances of E31 Document. Documents may describe any conceivable entity, hence the link to the highest-level entity in the CRM hierarchy. This property is intended for cases where a reference is regarded as being of a documentary character, in the scholarly or scientific sense. Examples: - the British Museum catalogue (E31) documents the British Museum's Collection (E78)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P71_lists /* comment "Scope note: This property documents a source E32 Authority Document for an instance of an E1 CRM Entity. Examples: - the Art & Architecture Thesaurus (E32) lists alcazars (E55)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P72_has_language /* comment "Scope note: This property describes the E56 Language of an E33 Linguistic Object. Linguistic Objects are composed in one or more human Languages. This property allows these languages to be documented. Examples: - the American Declaration of Independence (E33) has language 18th Century English (E56)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P73_has_translation /* comment "Scope note: This property describes the source and target of instances of E33 Linguistic Object involved in a translation. When a Linguistic Object is translated into a new language it becomes a new Linguistic Object, despite being conceptually similar to the source object. Examples: - "Les Baigneurs" (E33) has translation "The Bathers" (E33)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P74_has_current_or_former_residence /* comment "Scope note: This property describes the current or former E53 Place of residence of an E39 Actor. The residence may be either the Place where the Actor resides, or a legally registered address of any kind. Examples: - Queen Elizabeth II (E39) has current or former residence Buckingham Palace (E53)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P75_possesses /* comment "Scope note: This property identifies former or current instances of E30 Rights held by an E39 Actor. Examples: - Michael Jackson (E21) possesses Intellectual property rights on the Beatles' back catalogue (E30)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P76_has_contact_point /* comment "Scope note: This property identifies an E51 Contact Point of any type that provides access to an E39 Actor by any communication method, such as e-mail or fax. Examples: - RLG (E40) has contact point "bl.ric@rlg.org" (E51)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P78_is_identified_by /* comment "Scope note: This property identifies an E52 Time-Span using an E49 Time Appellation. Examples: - the time span 1926 to 1988 (E52) is identified by "Showa" (Japanese time appellation) (E49)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P79_beginning_is_qualified_by /* comment "Scope note: This property qualifies the beginning of an E52 Time-Span in some way. The nature of the qualification may be certainty, precision, source etc. Examples: - the time-span of the Holocene (E52) beginning is qualified by "approximately"" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P7_took_place_at /* comment "Scope note: his property describes the spatial location of an instance of E4 Period. The related E53 Place should be seen as an approximation of the geographical area within which the phenomena that characterise the period in question occurred. P7 took place at (witnessed) does not convey any meaning other than spatial positioning (generally on the surface of the earth). For example, the period "Révolution française" can be said to have taken place in "France", the "Victorian" period, may be said to have taken place in "Britain" and its colonies, as well as other parts of Europe and north America. A period can take place at multiple locations. Examples - the period "Révolution française" (E4) took place at France (E53)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P80_end_is_qualified_by /* comment "Scope note: This property qualifies the end of an E52 Time-Span in some way. The nature of the qualification may be certainty, precision, source etc. Examples: - the time-span of the Holocene (E52) end is qualified by "approximately"" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P81_ongoing_throughout /* comment "Scope note: This property describes the minimum period of time covered by an E52 Time-Span. Since Time-Spans may not have precisely known temporal extents, the CRM supports statements about the minimum and maximum temporal extents of Time-Spans. This property allows a Time-Span's minimum temporal extent (i.e. its inner boundary) to be assigned a value. Examples: - the time-span of the development of the CIDOC CRM (E52) ongoing throughout "1996-2002"" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P82_at_some_time_within /* comment "Scope note: This property describes the maximum period of time within which an E52 Time-Span falls. Since Time-Spans may not have precisely known temporal extents, the CRM supports statements about the minimum and maximum temporal extents of Time-Spans. This property allows a Time-Span's maximum temporal extent (i.e. its outer boundary) to be assigned a value. Examples: - the time-span of the development of the CIDOC CRM (E52) at some time within "1992-infinity"" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P83_had_at_least_duration /* comment "Scope note: This property describes the minimum length of time covered by an E52 Time-Span. It allows an E52 Time-Span to be associated with an E54 Dimension representing it's minimum duration (i.e. it's inner boundary) independent from the actual beginning and end. Examples: - the time span of the Battle of Issos 333 B.C.E. (E52) had at least duration Battle of Issos minimum duration (E54) has unit (P91) day (E58) has value (P90) 1 (E60)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P84_had_at_most_duration /* comment "Scope note: This property describes the maximum length of time covered by an E52 Time-Span. It allows an E52 Time-Span to be associated with an E54 Dimension representing it's maximum duration (i.e. it's outer boundary) independent from the actual beginning and end. Examples: - the time span of the Battle of Issos 333 B.C.E. (E52) had at most duration Battle of Issos maximum duration (E54) has unit (P91) day (E58) has value (P90) 2 (E60)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P86_falls_within /* comment "Scope note: This property describes the inclusion relationship between two instances of E52 Time-Span. This property supports the notion that a Time-Span's temporal extent falls within the temporal extent of another Time-Span. It addresses temporal containment only, and no contextual link between the two instances of Time-Span is implied. Examples: - the time-span of the Apollo 11 moon mission (E52) falls within the time-span of the reign of Queen Elizabeth II (E52)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P87_is_identified_by /* comment "Scope note: This property identifies an E53 Place using an E44 Place Appellation. Examples of Place Appellations used to identify Places include instances of E48 Place Name, addresses, E47 Spatial Coordinates etc. Examples: - the location of the Duke of Wellington's House (E53) is identified by "No 1 London" (E45)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P89_falls_within /* comment "Scope note: This property identifies the instances of E53 Places that fall within the area covered by another Place. It addresses spatial containment only, and no 'whole-part' relationship between the two places is implied. Examples: - the area covered by the World Heritage Site of Stonehenge (E53) falls within the area of Salisbury Plain (E53)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P8_took_place_on_or_within /* comment "Scope note: This property describes the location of an instance of E4 Period with respect to an E19 Physical Object. P8 took place on or within (witnessed) is a short-cut of a path defining a E53 Place with respect to the geometry of an object. cf. E46 Section Definition. This property is in effect a special case of P7 took place at. It describes a period that can be located with respect to the space defined by an E19 Physical Object such as a ship or a building. The precise geographical location of the object during the period in question may be unknown or unimportant. For example, the French and German armistice of 22 June 1940 was signed in the same railway carriage as the armistice of 11 November 1918. Examples: - the coronation of Queen Elisabeth II (E7) took place on or within Westminster Abbey (E19)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P90_has_value /* comment "Scope note: This property allows an E54 Dimension to be approximated by a value. Examples: - height of silver cup 232 (E54) has value "226"" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P91_has_unit /* comment "Scope note: This property shows the type of unit an E54 Dimension was expressed in. Examples: - height of silver cup 232 (E54) has unit mm (E58)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P92_brought_into_existence /* comment "Scope note: This property allows an E63 Beginning of Existence event to be linked to the E77 Persistent Item brought into existence by it. It allows a "start" to be attached to any Persistent Item being documented i.e. E70 Thing, E72 Legal Object, E39 Actor, E41 Appellation, E51 Contact Point and E55 Type. Examples: - the birth of Mozart (E67) brought into existence Mozart (E21)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P93_took_out_of_existence /* comment "Scope note: This property allows an E64 End of Existence event to be linked to the E77 Persistent Item taken out of existence by it. In the case of immaterial things, the E64 End of Existence is considered to take place with the destruction of the last physical carrier. This allows an "end" to be attached to any Persistent Item being documented i.e. E70 Thing, E72 Legal Object, E39 Actor, E41 Appellation, E51 Contact Point and E55 Type. For many Persistent Items we know the maximum life-span and can infer, that they must have ended to exist. We assume in that case an End of Existence, which may be as unnoticeable as forgetting the secret knowledge by the last representative of some indigenous nation. Examples: - the death of Mozart (E69) took out of existence Mozart (E21) " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P94_has_created /* comment "Scope note: This property allows a conceptual E65 Creation to be linked to the E28 Conceptual Object created by it. It represents the act of conceiving the intellectual content of the E28 Conceptual Object. It does not represent the act of creating the first physical carrier of the E28 Conceptual Object. As an example, this is the composition of a poem, not its commitment to paper. Examples: - the composition of "The Four Friends" by A. A. Milne (E65) has created "The Four Friends" by A. A. Milne (E28)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P95_has_formed /* comment "Scope note: This property links the founding or E66 Formation for an E74 Group with the Group itself. Examples: - the formation of the CIDOC CRM SIG at the August 2000 CIDOC Board meeting (E66) has formed the CIDOC CRM Special Interest Group (E74)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P96_by_mother /* comment "Scope note: This property links an E67 Birth event to an E21 Person as a participant in the role of birth-giving mother. Note that biological fathers are not necessarily participants in the Birth (see P97 from father (was father for)). The Person being born is linked to the Birth with the property P98 brought into life (was born). This is not intended for use with general natural history material, only people. There is no explicit method for modelling conception and gestation except by using extensions. This is a sub-property of P11 had participant (participated in). Examples: - the birth of Queen Elizabeth II (E67) by mother Queen Mother (E21) " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P97_from_father /* comment "Scope note: This property links an E67 Birth event to an E21 Person in the role of biological father. Note that biological fathers are not seen as necessary participants in the Birth, whereas birth-giving mothers are (see P96 by mother (gave birth)). The Person being born is linked to the Birth with the property P98 brought into life (was born). This is not intended for use with general natural history material, only people. There is no explicit method for modelling conception and gestation except by using extensions. A Birth event is normally (but not always) associated with one biological father. Examples: - King George VI (E21) was father for the birth of Queen Elizabeth II (E67)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P98_brought_into_life /* comment "Scope note: This property links an E67 Birth event to an E21 Person in the role of offspring. Twins, triplets etc. are brought into life by the same Birth event. This is not intended for use with general Natural History material, only people. There is no explicit method for modelling conception and gestation except by using extensions. Examples: - the Birth of Queen Elizabeth II (E67) brought into life Queen Elizabeth II (E21)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P99_dissolved /* comment "Scope note: This property links the disbanding or E68 Dissolution of an E74 Group to the Group itself. Examples: - the end of The Hole in the Wall Gang (E68) dissolved The Hole in the Wall Gang (E74)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/current/P9_consists_of /* comment "Scope note: This property describes the decomposition of an instance of E4 Period into discrete, subsidiary periods. The sub-periods into which the period is decomposed form a logical whole - although the entire picture may not be completely known - and the sub-periods are constitutive of the general period. Examples: - Cretan Bronze Age (E4) consists of Middle Minoan (E4)" (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/CLP104_subject_to /* comment "Scope note: This property associates a publication, i.e. an instance of F3 Manifestation Product Type, with an instance of E30 Right, which applies to all exemplars of that publication, as long as they are recognised as exemplars of that publication. The rights covered by this property may include: acquisition or access authorisation; terms of availability; access restrictions on the Manifestation Product Type; etc. Examples: The publication entitled ‘Recent poems’ by the author named ‘Stephen Spender’, released by the publisher named ‘Anvil Press Poetry’ in 1978 and identified by ISBN ‘0856460516’ (F3) CLP104 subject to Availability restricted to Anvil Press Poetry subscribers (E30) [P3 has note “This edition […] is available only to Anvil Press Poetry subscribers” (E62)] " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/CLP105_right_held_by /* comment "Scope note: This property associates a publication, i.e. an instance of F3 Manifestation Product Type, with an instance of E39 Actor, who holds an instance of E30 Right on all exemplars of that publication, as long as they are recognised as exemplars of that publication. Examples: The publication entitled ‘Recent poems’ by the author named ‘Stephen Spender’, released by the publisher named ‘Anvil Press Poetry’ in 1978 and identified by ISBN ‘0856460516’ (F3) CLP105 right held by Anvil Press Poetry (F11) " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/CLP2_should_have_type /* comment "Scope note: This property associates a publication, i.e. an instance of F3 Manifestation Product Type, with an instance of E55 Type, which all exemplars of that publication should belong to, as long as they are recognised as exemplars of that publication. Typically, this property is observed on one exemplar of a publication, and extrapolated to all other exemplars of the same publication. This logical inference is an induction along the path that can be modelled as: F3 Manifestation Product Type R7B has example F5 Item P41B was classified by E17 Type Assignment P42 assigned E55 Type. It can happen that a given exemplar, or subset of exemplars, originally produced, or intended to be produced, with that characteristic, accidentally lacks it. This fact should be recorded as a property of F5 Item, and not of F3 Manifestation Product Type. Examples: The sound recording entitled ‘The Glory (????) of the human voice’, identified by label and label number ‘RCA Victor Gold Seal GD61175’, containing recordings of musical works performed by Florence Foster Jenkins (F3) CLP2 should have type sound recording (E55) The sound recording entitled ‘The Glory (????) of the human voice’, identified by label and label number ‘RCA Victor Gold Seal GD61175’, containing recordings of musical works performed by Florence Foster Jenkins (F3) CLP2 should have type kind of sound: monaural (E55) " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/CLP43_should_have_dimension /* comment "Scope note: This property associates a publication, i.e. an instance of F3 Manifestation Product Type, with an instance of E54 Dimension, which all exemplars of that publication should have, as long as they are recognised as exemplars of that publication. Typically, this property is observed on one exemplar of a publication, and extrapolated to all other exemplars of the same publication. This logical inference is an induction along the path that can be modelled as: F3 Manifestation Product Type R7B has example F5 Item P39B was measured by E16 Measurement P40 observed dimension E54 Dimension. It can happen that a given exemplar, or subset of exemplars, originally produced, or intended to be produced, with that characteristic, accidentally lacks it. This fact should be recorded as a property of F5 Item, and not of F3 Manifestation Product Type. Examples: The publication entitled ‘Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records: final report’, published by K. G. Saur in 1998, identified by ISBN ‘3-598-11382-X’ (F3) CLP43 should have dimension height of the individual copy of ‘Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records: final report’ that I have at hand and that I observed while describing it (E54) P3 has note “24 cm” (E62) [or, alternatively: P90 has value “24” (E60) and P91 has unit “cm” (E58)] The jigsaw puzzle entitled ‘Map of the New York city subway system’, designed by Stephen J. Voorhies and released around 1954 by the Union Dimes Savings Bank (F3) CLP43 should have dimension length and height of the exemplar held and catalogued by the Library of Congress (E54) P3 has note “46 x 29 cm” (E62) " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/CLP45_should_consist_of /* comment "Scope note: This property associates a publication, i.e. an instance of F3 Manifestation Product Type, with an instance of E57 Material, which all exemplars of that publication should consist of, as long as they are recognised as exemplars of that publication. Typically, this property is observed on one exemplar of a publication, and extrapolated to all other exemplars of the same publication. This logical inference is an induction along the path that can be modelled as: F3 Manifestation Product Type R7B has example F5 Item P41B was classified by E17 Type Assignment P42 assigned E57 Material. It can happen that a given exemplar, or subset of exemplars, originally produced, or intended to be produced, with that characteristic, accidentally lacks it. This fact should be recorded as a property of F5 Item, and not of F3 Manifestation Product Type. Examples: The jigsaw puzzle entitled ‘Map of the New York city subway system’, designed by Stephen J. Voorhies and released around 1954 by the Union Dimes Savings Bank (F3) CLP45 should consist of Cardboard (E57) " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/CLP46_should_be_composed_of /* comment "Scope note: This property associates an instance of F3 Manifestation Product Type which prescribes that all its Items will contain as parts an Item of another instance of F3 Manifestation Product Type with that instance of F3 Manifestation Product Type. Examples: The publication product identified by ISBN ‘0618260587’ and consisting of a 3-volume edition of J.R.R. Tolkien’s ‘The Lord of the rings’ (F3) CLP46 should be composed of The publication product identified by ISBN ‘0618260595’ and consisting of an edition of J.R.R Tolkien’s ‘The two towers’ (F3) The publication product issued by Deutsche Grammophon in 1998 and consisting of a recording of Richard Wagner’s ‘Der fliegende Holländer’ as performed in 1991 by Plácido Domingo, Cheryl Studer et al., and conducted by Giuseppe Sinopoli (F3) CLP46 should be composed of The publication product consisting of printed programme notes and libretto with French and English translations (F3) " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/CLP57_should_have_number_of_parts /* comment "Scope note: This property associates a publication, i.e. an instance of F3 Manifestation Product Type, with an instance of E60 Number, which denotes the number of physical units all exemplars of that publication should consist of, as long as they are recognised as complete exemplars of that publication. Typically, this property is observed on one exemplar of a publication, and extrapolated to all other exemplars of the same publication. This logical inference is an induction along the path that can be modelled as: F3 Manifestation Product Type R7B has example F5 Item P57has number of parts E60 Number. It can happen that a given exemplar, or subset of exemplars, originally produced, or intended to be produced, with that characteristic, accidentally lacks it. This fact should be recorded as a property of F5 Item, and not of F3 Manifestation Product Type. Examples: The jigsaw puzzle entitled ‘Map of the New York city subway system’, designed by Stephen J. Voorhies and released around 1954 by the Union Dimes Savings Bank (F3) CLP57 should have number of parts 76 (E60) [Number of physical units of the exemplar held by the Library of Congress, as observed by a cataloguer from the Library of Congress when he/she catalogued that particular exemplar and recorded the statement: ‘1 jigsaw puzzle (ca. 76 pieces)’] The publication entitled ‘History of costume: in slides, notes, and commentaries’ by Jeanne Button, Patricia Quinn Stuart, and Stephen Sbarge, released by Slide Presentations (New York) ca. 1975 (F3) CLP57 should have number of parts 1,491 (E60) [Number of physical units of the exemplar held by the Gelman Library of the George Washington University, as observed by a cataloguer from the Gelman Library of the George Washington University when he/she catalogued that particular exemplar and recorded the statement: ‘1,491 slides in 14 slide trays + 6 ring binders in cases (30 x 29 cm.)’] " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/CLR6_should_carry /* comment "Scope note: This property associates a publication, i.e. an instance of F3 Manifestation Product Type, with an instance of F24 Publication Expression, which all exemplars of that publication should carry, as long as they are recognised as complete exemplars of that publication. Typically, this property is observed on one exemplar of a publication, and extrapolated to all other exemplars of the same publication. This logical inference is an induction along the path that can be modelled as: F3 Manifestation Product Type R7B has example F5 Item R6 carries F24 Publication Expression. It can happen that a given exemplar, or a subset of exemplars, originally produced, or intended to be produced with that characteristic, accidentally lacks part of the publication expression. This fact should be recorded as a property of F5 Item, and not of F3 Manifestation Product Type. Examples: The publication, dated 1972, entitled ‘The complete poems of Stephen Crane, edited with an introduction by Joseph Katz’ (ISBN ‘0-8014-9130-4’) (F3) CLP128 should carry The overall content of the book identified by ISBN ‘0-8014-9130-4’, i.e.: the text of Stephen Crane’s complete poems as edited by Joseph Katz, the numbering system introduced by Joseph Katz in order to identify each individual poem by Stephen Crane, page numbers, the text of Joseph Katz’s dedication, preface, acknowledgements, and introduction, the table of contents, the index of first lines, the statements found on title page, back of title page (including CIP bibliographic record), cover front, back front, and spine, and the layout of the publication, and the occasional statement ‘[NO STANZA BREAK]’ (F24) " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/F10_Person /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises real persons who live or are assumed to have lived. [Beginning of scope note for E21 Person in CIDOC CRM version 5.0.1] F10 Person covers the notion of persona. Examples: Margaret Atwood Hans Christian Andersen Queen Victoria " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/F11_Corporate_Body /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises organisations and groups of two or more people and/or organisations acting as a unit. To be considered an F11 Corporate Body a gathering of people needs to bear a name and exhibit organisational characteristics sufficient to allow the body as a whole to participate in the creation, modification or production of an E73 Information Object. Groups such as conferences, congresses, expeditions, exhibitions, festivals, fairs, etc. are modelled as F11 Corporate Bodies when they are named and can take collective action, such as approving a report or publishing their proceedings. Examples: The International Machaut Society The British Library The Jackson Five The Regional Municipality of Ottawa-Carleton Symposium on Glaucoma " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/F12_Name /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises all sequences of signs of any nature, either meaningful or not, that are used or can be used to refer to and identify a specific instance of some class within a certain context. Instances of E41 Appellation do not identify things by their meaning even if they happen to have one, but by convention, tradition, or agreement. Instances of E41 Appellation are cultural constructs; as such, they have a context, a history, and a use in time and space by some group of users. [Beginning of Scope Note for E41 Appellation in CIDOC CRM version 5.0.1] Examples: ‘杜甫’ (E82) [the name of a Chinese poet of the 8th century, in Chinese characters] ‘Du Fu’ (E82) [Pinyin romanised form of the name of a Chinese poet of the 8th century] ‘Tu Fu’ (E82) [another romanised form of the name of a Chinese poet of the 8th century] ‘Thơ Ðô Phủ’ (E82) [Vietnamese form of the name of a Chinese poet of the 8th century] ‘جامعة صفاقس’ (E82) [Arabic name of the Sfax University (Tunisia), in Arabic script] ‘Ğāmi ‘at `Ṣafāqis’ (E82) [Arabic name of the Sfax University (Tunisia), transliterated] ‘Université de Sfax’ (E82) [French name of the Sfax University (Tunisia)] ‘Murders in the rue Morgue’ (E35) [English title of a textual work] ‘Poe, Edgar Allan, 1809-1849. Murders in the rue Morgue’ (F13) [controlled author/title heading for a textual work] ‘modelling’ [not the activity, just the written signs that represent its English name in British spelling] ‘modeling’ [not the activity, just the written signs that represent its English name in American spelling] " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/F13_Identifier /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises strings or codes assigned to instances of E1 CRM Entity in order to identify them uniquely and permanently within the context of one or more organisations. Such codes are often known as inventory numbers, registration codes, etc. and are typically composed of alphanumeric sequences. The class E42 Identifier is not normally used for machine-generated identifiers used for automated processing unless these are also used by human agents. [Adapted from the Scope Note of CIDOC CRM E42 Identifier ver. 5.0.1] F13 Identifier covers the notion of “controlled access points” in library practice – both preferred forms and cross references. A cross reference may not identify uniquely an entity, but can be shared by two entities; however, as it displays the same structural characteristics as preferred controlled access points, it is still regarded in the model as an instance of F13 Identifier. Examples: ISSN ‘0041-5278’ (F13) ISRC ‘FIFIN8900116’ (F13) Shelf mark ‘Res 8 P 10’ (E42) ‘Guillaume de Machaut (1300?-1377)’ (F13) [a controlled personal name heading that follows the French rules] ‘Guillaume, de Machaut, ca. 1300-1377’ (F13) [a controlled personal name heading that follows the AACR rules] ‘Rite of spring (Choreographic work: Bausch)’ (F13) " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/F14_Individual_Work /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises works that are realised by one and only one self-contained expression, i.e., works representing the concept as expressed by precisely this expression, and that do not have other works as parts. Inherent to the notion of work is the completion of recognisable outcomes of the work. These outcomes, i.e. the Self-Contained Expressions, are regarded as the symbolic equivalents of Individual Works, which form the atoms of a complex work. Normally creators would characterise an outcome of a work as finished. In other cases, one could recognise an outcome of a work as complete from the elaboration or logical coherence of its content, or if there is any historical knowledge about the creator deliberately or accidentally never finishing (completing) that particular expression. In all those cases, one would regard the corresponding expression as equivalent to one Individual Work. Examples: Abstract content of Giovanni Battista Piranesi’s ‘Carcere XVI: the pier with chains: 1st state’ Abstract content of Giovanni Battista Piranesi’s ‘Carcere XVI: the pier with chains: 2nd state’ [explanation: these are two states of the same etching, but with so many and so significant differences between them that they can scarcely be recognised as conveying the same work; more generally speaking, each individual state of an etching, as a Self-Contained Expression, conveys its own F14 Individual Work (even if the differences are not so blatant as in the case of ‘Carcere XVI’), and is regarded as part of the larger, abstract F15 Complex Work that encompasses all distinct states of the same etching] Abstract content of the recording made of performances of Johann Sebastian Bach’s ‘Toccata in C minor BWV 911’ by Glenn Gould on May 15 & 16, 1979, in Toronto, Eaton’s Auditorium " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/F15_Complex_Work /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises works that have more than one work as members. The members of a Complex Work may constitute components of the overall concept or be alternatives to other members of the work. In practice, no clear line can be drawn between parallel and subsequent processes in the evolution of a work. One part may not be finished when another is already revised. An initially monolithic work may be taken up and evolve in pieces. The member relationship of Work is based on the conceptual relationship, and should not be confused with the internal structural parts of an individual expression. The fact that an expression may contain parts from other work(s) does not make the expressed work complex. For instance, an anthology for which only one version exists is not a complex work. The boundaries of a Complex Work have nothing to do with the value of the intellectual achievement but only with the dominance of a concept. Thus, derivations such as translations are regarded as belonging to the same Complex Work, even though in addition they constitute an Individual Work themselves. In contrast, a Work that significantly takes up and merges concepts of other works so that it is no longer dominated by the initial concept is regarded as a new work. In cataloguing practice, detailed rules are established prescribing which kinds of derivation should be regarded as crossing the boundaries of a complex work. Adaptation and derivation graphs allow the recognition of distinct sub-units, i.e. a complex work contained in a larger complex work. As a Complex Work can be taken up by any creator who acquires the spirit of its concept, it is never finished in an absolute sense. Examples: Work entitled ‘La Porte de l’Enfer’ by Auguste Rodin Work entitled ‘Hamlet’ by William Shakespeare Work entitled ‘Der Ring der Nibelungen’ by Richard Wagner Work entitled ‘Carceri d’invenzione’ by Giovanni Battista Piranesi Work entitled ‘Mass in B minor BWV 232’ by Johann Sebastian Bach " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/F16_Container_Work /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises works whose essence is to enhance or add value to expressions from one or more other works without altering them, by the selection, arrangement and/or addition of features of different form, such as layout to words, recitation and movement to texts, instrumentation to musical scores etc. This does not make the contents of the incorporated expressions part of the Container Work, but only part of the resulting expression. Container Work may include the addition of new, original parts to the incorporated expressions, such as introductions, graphics, etc. A new version of a container work does not make the resulting complex work a Container Work as well. The inclusion of expressions from a complex work in a Container Work does not make the Container Work itself complex. Examples: The aggregation and arrangement concept of the anthology entitled ‘American Women Poets of the Nineteenth Century: An Anthology’, edited by Cheryl Walker and published by Rutgers University Press in July 1992 [an F17 Aggregation Work] The concept for the layout created by printer Guido Morris for the text of Michael Hamburger’s English translation of 12 poems by Georg Trakl for publication in 1952 [an F19 Publication Work] The concept by the publisher named ‘Dell’ of issuing together, in 2002, three novels entitled ‘The Partner’, ‘The Street Lawyer’, and ‘A time to kill’, by the author named ‘John Grisham’, with just the statement ‘Three #1 bestsellers by John Grisham’ as a collective title [an F19 Publication Work] The concept of Sergei Radlov’s mise-en-scène of a Yiddish translation of the textual work entitled ‘King Lear’ in Moscow in 1935 [an F20 Performance Work] The concept of putting together the English text of ‘King Lear’ and a Spanish translation thereof in a bilingual edition of ‘King Lear’ [an F17 Aggregation Work] " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/F17_Aggregation_Work /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises works whose essence is the selection and/or arrangement of expressions of one or more other works. This does not make the contents of the aggregated expressions part of this work, but only part of the resulting expression. F17 Aggregation Work may include additional original parts. An expression of a work may include expressions of other works within it. For instance, an anthology of poems is regarded as a work in its own right that makes use of expressions of the individual poems that have been selected and ordered as part of an intellectual process. A new version of an aggregate work does not make the resulting complex work an aggregate work as well. The inclusion of expressions from a complex work in an aggregation work does not make the aggregation work itself complex. Examples: The aggregation and arrangement concept of the anthology entitled ‘American Women Poets of the Nineteenth Century: An Anthology’, edited by Cheryl Walker and published by Rutgers University Press in July 1992 The aggregation and arrangement concept of the Web site named ‘IFLANET’ The aggregation and arrangement concept of the collection of articles entitled ‘Marij Kogoj (1892-1992): zbornik referatov s kolokvija ob stoletnici skladateljevega rojstva 7.10.1992 v Ljubljani = Marij Kogoj (1892-1992): proceedings from the colloquium held in Ljubljana at the centenary of the composer’s birth on October 7th, 1992’ and edited by a person named ‘Ivan Klemenčič’ " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/F18_Serial_Work /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises works that are, or have been, planned to result in sequences of manifestations with common features. Whereas a work can acquire new members over the time it evolves Expressions and Manifestations are identified with a certain state achieved at a particular point in time. Therefore there is in general no single expression or manifestation representing a complete serial work, unless the serial work is ended. Serial Works may or may not have a plan for an overall expression. The retrospective reprinting of all issues of a Serial Work at once, in the form of a monograph, is regarded to be another member of a Complex Work, which contains the Serial Work and the Individual Work realised in the monograph. This does not make the monograph part of the Serial Work. Examples: The periodical entitled ‘The UNESCO Courier’, ISSN ‘0041-5278’ The periodical entitled ‘Courrier de l’UNESCO’, ISSN ‘0304-3118’ [French edition of the periodical titled ‘The UNESCO Courier’, ISSN ‘0041-5278’] The series entitled ‘L’évolution de l’humanité’, ISSN ‘0755-1843’ [a monograph series comprising volumes that were published from 1920 on, and some of which were reprinted, with different physical features and rearranged in a different order, from 1968 on, in a distinct series also entitled ‘L’évolution de l’humanité’, ISSN ‘0755-1770’] " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/F19_Publication_Work /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises works that have been planned to result in a manifestation product type and that pertain to the rendering of expressions from other works. Examples: The concept of publishing Stephen Crane’s complete poems (as edited by Joseph Katz), which includes the idea that every time a stanza jumps over a page change, the statement ‘[NO STANZA BREAK]’ should be printed as a warning for readers that the new page continues the same stanza The concept, on behalf of publisher named ‘Verlag Neue Kunsthandlung’, of issuing together, around 1925, three formerly independent publications (‘Emil Orlik’ by Max Osborn – vol. 2 within the series named ‘Graphiker der Gegenwart’, published in 1920; ‘Anders Zorn’ by Paul Friedrich – vol. 10 within the series named ‘Graphiker der Gegenwart’, published in 1924; and ‘Max Slevogt’ by Julius Elias – vol. 11 within the series named ‘Graphiker der Gegenwart’, published in 1923) as one, new publication, entitled ‘102 Bilder aus der Sammlung Graphiker der Gegenwart’ The concept, on behalf of publisher named ‘Dell’, of issuing together in 2002 three novels, titled ‘The partner’, ‘The street lawyer’, and ‘A time to kill’, by author named ‘John Grisham’, with just the statement ‘Three #1 bestsellers by John Grisham’ as a collective title " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/F1_Work /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises the sums of concepts which appear in the course of the coherent evolution of an original idea into one or more expressions that are dominated by the original idea. The substance of Work is concepts. A Work may be elaborated by one or more Actors simultaneously or over time. A Work may have members that constitute components of the overall concept or that are alternatives to other members of the work. Members of a work may or may not represent the concept of the Work as a whole; for instance a translation reinterprets the whole, a volume of a trilogy represents a part of the concept. A Work can be either individual or complex. If it is individual its concept is completely realised in a single F22 Self-Contained Expression. If it is complex its concept is embedded in an F15 Complex Work. An F15 Complex Work consists of members that are either F15 Complex Works themselves or F14 Individual Works. The member relationship of Work is based on the members respecting the same concept, and should not be confused with the structural parts of an expression, that might be taken from other work(s). A Work is the product of an intellectual process of one or more persons, yet only indirect evidence about it is at our hands. This can be contextual information such as the existence of an order for a work, reflections of the creators themselves that are documented somewhere, and finally the expressions of the work created. As ideas normally take shape during discussion, elaboration and implementation, it is not reasonable to assume that a work starts with a complete concept. Moreover, it can be very difficult or impossible to define the whole of the concept of a work at some given time. The only objective evidence for such a notion can be based on a stage of expressions at a given time. In this sense, self-contained expressions serve as a kind of “snap-shots” of a work. A Work may aggregate expressions of other works into a new expression. For instance, an anthology of poems is regarded as a work in its own right that makes use of expressions of the individual poems that have been selected and ordered as part of an intellectual process. This does not make the contents of the aggregated expressions part of this work, but only parts of the resulting expression. Examples: Abstract content of Giovanni Battista Piranesi’s ‘Carcere XVI: the pier with chains: 1st state’ (F14) ‘La Porte de l’Enfer’ by Auguste Rodin conceived between 1880 and 1917 (F15) ‘Hamlet’ by William Shakespeare (F15) " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/F20_Performance_Work /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises the sets of concepts for rendering a particular or a series of like performances. F20 Performance Work is declared as a subclass of F16 Container Work. This implies that the incorporated expressions (such as the text of the staged play, the text of the argument for the ballet, the recorded music to be used for the ballet, or the content of the musical score to be used for a concert, etc.) are not by themselves a part of the expression of this F1 Work. Rather, an expression (F25 Performance Plan) of the instructions the stage production, choreography or musical performance consists of incorporates (R14) that textual or musical content. In other words, the text of ‘Hamlet’ is not a component of the concepts that underlie a given mise-en-scène of ‘Hamlet’, but any staging directions (F25 Performance Plan) that convey a given director’s vision of ‘Hamlet’ must necessarily incorporate the text of ‘Hamlet’. Examples: The conceptual content of Sergei Radlov’s mise-en-scène of a Yiddish translation of the textual work entitled ‘King Lear’ in Moscow in 1935 The conceptual content of Pina Bausch’s choreography of the ballet entitled ‘Rite of spring’ in Wuppertal in 1975 The conceptual content of Bruno Walter’s performance of Gustav Mahler’s 9th symphony in 1961 The conceptual content of the “performance handbook” for Luigi Nono’s musical work entitled ‘À Pierre’ " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/F21_Recording_Work /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises works that conceptualise the capturing of features of perdurants. The characteristics of the manifestation of a recording work are those of the product of the capture process. The characteristics of any other works recorded are distinct from those of the recording work itself. In the case where the recorded perdurant expresses some Work, the respective instance of F21 is also an F16 Container Work Examples: The concept of recording the Swedish 17th century warship Vasa in August 1959 to April 1961 The concept of documenting the Live Aid concerts July 13, 1985, London, Philadelphia, Sydney and Moscow " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/F22_Self-Contained_Expression /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises the immaterial realisations of individual works at a particular time that are regarded as a complete whole. The quality of wholeness reflects the intention of its creator that this expression should convey the concept of the work. Such a whole can in turn be part of a larger whole. Inherent to the notion of work is the completion of recognisable outcomes of the work. These outcomes, i.e. the Self-Contained Expressions, are regarded as the symbolic equivalents of Individual Works, which form the atoms of a complex work. A Self-Contained Expression may contain expressions or parts of expressions from other work, such as citations or items collected in anthologies. Even though they are incorporated in the Self-Contained Expression, they are not regarded as becoming members of the expressed container work by their inclusion in the expression, but are rather regarded as foreign or referred elements. F22 Self-Contained Expression can be distinguished from F23 Expression Fragment in that an F23 Expression Fragment was not intended by its creator to make sense by itself. Normally creators would characterise an outcome of a work as finished. In other cases, one could recognise an outcome of a work as complete from the elaboration or logical coherence of its content, or if there is any historical knowledge about the creator deliberately or accidentally never finishing (completing) that particular expression. In all those cases, one would regard an expression as self-contained. Examples: The Italian text of Dante’s ‘Inferno’ as found in the authoritative critical edition La Commedia secondo l’antica vulgata a cura di Giorgio Petrocchi, Milano: Mondadori, 1966-67 (= Le Opere di Dante Alighieri, Edizione Nazionale a cura della Società Dantesca Italiana, VII, 1-4) The musical notation of Franz Schubert’s lied known as ‘Ave Maria’ The musical notation of Franz Schubert’s lieder cycle entitled ‘Seven Songs after Walter Scott’s The Lady of the Lake’, of which ‘Ave Maria’ is a distinct part The musical notation of Franz Liszt’s piano transcription of Franz Schubert’s lied known as ‘Ave Maria’ " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/F23_Expression_Fragment /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises parts of Expressions and these parts are not Self-contained Expressions themselves. The existence of an instance of F23 Expression Fragment can be due to accident, such as loss of material over time, e.g. the only remaining manuscript of an antique text being partially eaten by worms, or due to deliberate isolation, such as excerpts taken from a text by the compiler of a collection of excerpts. An F23 Expression Fragment is only identified with respect to its occurrence in a known or assumed whole. The size of an instance of F23 Expression Fragment ranges from more than 99% of an instance of F22 Self-Contained Expression to tiny bits (a few words from a text, one bar from a musical composition, one detail from a still image, a two-second clip from a movie, etc.). Examples: The only remnants of Sappho’s poems The words ‘Beati pauperes spiritu’ (excerpted from Matthew’s Gospel 5,3 in Latin translation) " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/F24_Publication_Expression /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises complete sets of signs present in publications, reflecting publishers’ final decisions as to both content and layout of the publications. Examples: The text, its layout and the textual and graphic (Saur’s logo on p. [i]) content of front and back cover, spine (spine title), and p. [i-iv] of the publication entitled ‘Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records: final report’, published by K. G. Saur in 1998, identified by ISBN ‘3-598-11382-X’ The overall content of the book identified by ISBN ‘0-8014-9130-4’: the text of Stephen Crane’s complete poems as edited by Joseph Katz, the numbering system introduced by Joseph Katz in order to identify each individual poem by Stephen Crane, page numbers, the text of Joseph Katz’s dedication, preface, acknowledgements, and introduction, the table of contents, the index of first lines, the statements found on title page, back of title page (including CIP bibliographic record), cover front, back front, and spine, and the layout of the publication; for one of Stephen Crane’s longer poems, printed on p. 142-143, a statement reads at bottom of p. 142: ‘[NO STANZA BREAK]’: obviously, this statement does not belong to the Self-Contained Expression intended by Stephen Crane, and presumably not to the one intended by editor Joseph Katz either, but was more probably added by the publishing team, due to characteristics of the layout of the publication: a cautious reader can easily interpret ‘[NO STANZA BREAK]’ as non-belonging to the poem itself, but an OCR process would not make the distinction between the text of the poem and the statement made by the publisher; ‘[NO STANZA BREAK]’ belongs to the Publication Expression, although it does not belong to the Self-Contained Expression intended by Stephen Crane and Joseph Katz The overall content of the LP sound recording identified by label and label number ‘CBS 34-61237’: a recorded performance of Terry Riley’s musical work ‘In C’, the text of liner notes by Paul Williams translated into French by Bernard Weinberg, technical statements such as ‘Stereo,’ publisher’s logo, series logo, title and statement of responsibility on front, back, and spine of the cover and on the recording itself, duration statement, cover art by G. Joly, overall layout, etc.; a special, shunting sound was added at the end of side one and beginning of side two, as Terry Riley’s work is in the form of a continuous musical flow without any interruption and the technical possibilities of vinyl LPs did not allow the complete performance to be contained on just one side: that special, shunting sound was not intended in Riley’s score nor in the performance but was added by the publisher (with or without Riley’s consent, this detail is not documented), and as such it is part of the Publication Expression although it is not part of the composer’s and the performers’ Self-Contained Expression (this shunting sound was no longer needed in subsequent releases on CD) The overall content of the DVD entitled ‘The Aviator (2-Disc Full Screen Edition)’, released in 2004: Martin Scorsese’s movie itself; layout of the box and the two DVDs contained in the box; pictures on the DVDs themselves; English, Spanish, and French subtitles; English and French audio tracks; and bonuses: commentaries by director Martin Scorsese, editor Thelma Schoonmaker, and producer Michael Mann; a deleted scene (‘Howard Tells Ava About His Car Accident’); and featurettes ‘A Life Without Limits: The Making of The Aviator’; ‘The Role of Howard Hughes in Aviation History’; ‘Modern Marvels: Howard Hughes, A Documentary by the History Channel’; ‘The Visual Effects of The Aviator’; ‘The Affliction of Howard Hughes: Obsessive Compulsive Disorder’; ‘The Age of Glamour: The Hair And Makeup of The Aviator’; ‘Costuming The Aviator: The Work of Sandy Powell’; ‘Constructing The Aviator: The Work of Dante Ferretti’; ‘An evening with Leonardo DiCaprio and Alan Alda’; ‘OCD Panel Discussion With Leonardo DiCaprio, Martin Scorsese, and Howard Hughes’ Widow Terry Moore’; ‘Still Gallery’; ‘Scoring The Aviator: The Work Of Howard Shore’; and ‘The Wainwright Family – Loudon, Rufus and Martha’ " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/F25_Performance_Plan /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises sets of directions to which individual performances of theatrical, choreographic, or musical works and their combinations should conform. In the case of theatrical performances, such directions incorporate, but are not limited nor reducible to, the text of a given version of the play performed (e.g., a translated text, some passages of which are deliberately omitted, with some rephrased lines, etc.). In the case of choreographic performances, such directions may incorporate, but are neither limited nor reducible to, the notation of choreographic movements in systems such as labanotation. In the case of musical performances, such directions may incorporate, but are neither limited nor reducible to, the musical score. In case of electronic music, they may incorporate software instructions. These directions may or may not completely determine the form of the intended performance. Depending on the nature of the directions, the form of the intended performance, such as the sets of movements or the sound characteristics, may or may not be predictable from the directions. Note that a performance plan may be more or less elaborate, and may even foresee just improvisation. Examples: The set of instructions for the production of a Yiddish translation of the textual work entitled ‘King Lear’, as directed by Sergei Radlov in Moscow in 1935 The set of instructions for the production of the ballet entitled ‘Rite of spring’, as choreographed by Pina Bausch in Wuppertal in 1975 The set of instructions by Bruno Walter for performing Gustav Mahler’s 9th symphony, delivered by him to the Columbia Symphony Orchestra during rehearsals in Hollywood in 1961 (as partially documented in the CD entitled ‘Bruno Walter conducts and talks about Mahler symphony No. 9: rehearsal & performance’) The set of instructions contained in the “performance handbook” for Luigi Nono’s musical work entitled ‘À Pierre’ " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/F26_Recording /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises expressions which are created in instances of F29 Recording Event. A recording is intended to convey (and preserve) the content of one or more events. Examples: The set of signs that make up the third alternate take of the musical work entitled ‘Blue Hawaii’ as performed by Elvis Presley in Hollywood, Calif., Radio Recorders, on March 22nd, 1961 " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/F27_Work_Conception /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises the births of original ideas. It marks the initiation of the creation of a work. This class should be used where there is historical evidence of the initiation before the appearance of physical evidence for the F1 Work. This does not always correlate with the date assigned in common library practice to the work; which is usually a later event. Examples: Richard Wagner’s having the initial idea of composing the opera entitled ‘Der fliegende Holländer’ during a stormy sea crossing in July/August 1839 Oscar Wilde’s having by May 1897 the initial idea of writing his poem entitled ‘The ballad of the Reading gaol’, inspired by his stay in the Reading prison from November 20, 1895 to May 18, 1897, and the execution of Charles Thomas Woolridge on July 7, 1896 " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/F28_Expression_Creation /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises activities that result in instances of F2 Expression coming into existence. This class characterises the externalisation of an Individual Work. Although F2 Expression is an abstract entity, a conceptual object, the creation of an expression inevitably also affects the physical world: when you scribble the first draft of a poem on a sheet of paper, you produce an F4 Manifestation Singleton; F28 Expression Creation is a subclass of E12 Production because the recording of the expression causes a physical modification of the carrying E18 Physical Thing. The work becomes manifest by being expressed on a physical carrier different from the creator’s mind. The spatio-temporal circumstances under which the expression is created are necessarily the same spatio-temporal circumstances under which the first F4 Manifestation Singleton is produced. The mechanisms through which oral tradition (of myths, tales, music, etc.) operates are not further investigated in this model. As far as bibliographic practice is concerned, only those instances of F2 Expression that are externalised on physical carriers other than both the creator’s mind and the auditor’s mind are taken into account (for a discussion of the modelling of oral traditions, see: Nicolas, Yann. ‘Folklore Requirements for Bibliographic Records: oral traditions and FRBR.’ In: Cataloging & Classification Quarterly (2005). Vol. 39, No. 3-4. P. 179-195). Examples: The creation of the original manuscript score of ‘Uwertura tragiczna’ by Andrzej Panufnik in 1942 in Warsaw The reconstruction from memory of the manuscript score of ‘Uwertura tragiczna’ by Andrzej Panufnik in 1945 after the original score was destroyed during the war The recording of the third alternate take of ‘Blue Hawaii’ performed by Elvis Presley in Hollywood, Calif., Radio Recorders, on March 22nd, 1961 [each individual take is a distinct instance of F2 Expression] " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/F29_Recording_Event /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises activities that intend to convey (and preserve) the content of events in a recording, such as a live recording of a performance, a documentary, or other capture of a perdurant. Such activities may follow the directions of a recording plan. They may include postproduction. Examples: The making of the recording of the third alternate take of the musical work titled ‘Blue Hawaii’ as performed by Elvis Presley in Hollywood, Calif., Radio Recorders, on March 22nd, 1961 " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/F2_Expression /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises the intellectual or artistic realisations of works in the form of identifiable immaterial objects, such as texts, poems, jokes, musical or choreographic notations, movement pattern, sound pattern, images, multimedia objects, or any combination of such forms that have objectively recognisable structures. The substance of F2 Expression is signs. Expressions cannot exist without a physical carrier, but do not depend on a specific physical carrier and can exist on one or more carriers simultaneously. Carriers may include human memory. Inasmuch as the form of F2 Expression is an inherent characteristic of the F2 Expression, any change in form (e.g., from alpha-numeric notation to spoken word, a poem created in capitals and rendered in lower case) is a new F2 Expression. Similarly, changes in the intellectual conventions or instruments that are employed to express a work (e.g., translation from one language to another) result in the creation of a new F2 Expression. Thus, if a text is revised or modified, the resulting F2 Expression is considered to be a new F2 Expression. Minor changes, such as corrections of spelling and punctuation, etc., are normally considered variations within the same F2 Expression. On a practical level, the degree to which distinctions are made between variant expressions of a work will depend to some extent on the nature of the F1 Work itself, and on the anticipated needs of users. The genre of the work may provide an indication of which features are essential to the expression. In some cases, aspects of physical form, such as typeface and page layout, are not integral to the intellectual or artistic realisation of the work as such, and therefore are not distinctive criteria for the respective expressions. For another work features such as layout may be essential. For instance, the author or a graphic designer may wrap a poem around an image. An expression of a work may include expressions of other works within it. For instance, an anthology of poems is regarded as a work in its own right that makes use of expressions of the individual poems that have been selected and ordered as part of an intellectual process. This does not make the contents of the aggregated expressions part of this work, but only parts of the resulting expression. If an instance of F2 Expression is of a specific form, such as text, image, etc., it may be simultaneously instantiated in the specific classes representing these forms in CIDOC CRM. Thereby one can make use of the more specific properties of these classes, such as language (which is applicable to linguistic objects only). Examples: The Italian text of Dante’s ‘Divina Commedia’ as found in the authoritative critical edition ‘La Commedia secondo l’antica vulgata a cura di Giorgio Petrocchi’, Milano: Mondadori, 1966-67 (= Le Opere di Dante Alighieri, Edizione Nazionale a cura della Società Dantesca Italiana, VII, 1-4) (F22) The Italian text of Dante’s ‘Inferno’ as found in the same edition (F22) Nel mezzo del cammin di nostra vita mi ritrovai per una selva oscura ché la diritta via era smarrita [the Italian text of the first stanza of Dante’s ‘Inferno’ and ‘Divina Commedia’] (F23) The signs which make up Christian Morgenstern’s ‘Fisches Nachtgesang’ [a poem consisting simply of “-” and “˘” signs, arranged in a determined combination] (F22) " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/F30_Publication_Event /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises the activities of publishing. Such an event includes the creation of an F24 Publication Expression and setting up the means of production. The end of this event is regarded as the date of publication, regardless of whether the carrier production is started. Publishing can be either physical or electronic. Electronic publishing is regarded as making an instance of F24 Publication Expression available in electronic form on a public network. Electronic Publishing does not mean producing a physical F5 Item by partially electronic means. Making an electronic file available on a physical carrier can be regarded as equivalent to setting up the means of production; downloading the file is regarded as the electronic equivalent of F32 Carrier Production Event. Examples: Publishing Amerigo Vespucci’s ‘Mundus novus’ in Paris ca. 1503-1504 Establishing in 1972 the layout, features, and prototype for the publication of ‘The complete poems of Stephen Crane, edited with an introduction by Joseph Katz’ (ISBN ‘0-8014-9130-4’), which served for a second print run in 1978 Making available online the article by Allen Renear, Christopher Phillippe, Pat Lawton, and David Dubin, entitled ‘An XML document corresponds to which FRBR Group 1 entity?’ http://conferences.idealliance.org/extreme/html/2003/Lawton01/EML2003Lawton01.html " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/F31_Performance /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises activities that follow the directions of a performance plan, such as a theatrical play, an expression of a choreographic work or a musical work; i.e., they are intended to communicate directly or indirectly to an audience. Such activities can be identified at various levels of granularity, and can be contiguous or not. Any individual performance (with or without intermissions) is a single instance of F31 Performance. In addition, a complete run of performances can also be seen as an instance of F31 Performance, with individual performances as parts. A complete run of performances may comprise an original run plus any of its extensions and tours. Note that a performance plan may be more or less elaborate, and may even foresee just improvisation. Examples: Performing the first performance of a Yiddish translation of the textual work entitled ‘King Lear’, as directed by Sergei Radlov, in Moscow, at the Moscow State Jewish Theatre, on February 10, 1935 [individual performance] Performing the ballet entitled ‘Rite of spring’, as choreographed by Pina Bausch, in Avignon, at the Popes’ Palace, on July 7, 1995 [individual performance] Performing the operatic work entitled ‘Dido and Aeneas’, as directed by Edward Gordon Craig and conducted by Martin Shaw, in London, Hampstead Conservatoire, on May 17, 18, and 19, 1900 [run of performances] " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/F32_Carrier_Production_Event /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises activities that result in instances of F5 Item coming into existence. The creation of a new copy of a file on an electronic carrier is also regarded as a Carrier Production Event. Typically, the production of copies of a publication (no matter whether it is a book, a sound recording, a DVD, a cartographic resource, etc.) strives to produce items all as similar as possible to a prototype that displays all the features that all the copies of the publication should also display, which is reflected in property R27 used as source material F24 Publication Expression. Examples: The printing of copies of the 3rd edition of ‘Codex Manesse: die Miniaturen der großen Heidelberger Liederhandschrift, herausgegeben und erläutert von Ingo F. Walther unter Mitarbeit von Gisela Siebert’, Insel-Verlag, 1988 [a fac-simile edition of an illuminated mediaeval manuscript] The printing of copies of the ‘Ordnance Survey Explorer Map 213, Aberystwyth & Cwm Rheidol’, ISBN 0-319-23640-4 (folded), 1:25,000 scale, released in May 2005 [a cartographic resource] The production of copies of the sound recording titled ‘The Glory (????) of the human voice’, RCA Victor Gold Seal GD61175, containing recordings of musical works performed by Florence Foster Jenkins [a sound recording; the question marks in parentheses belong to the original title] My clicking now on the link http://cidoc.ics.forth.gr/docs/cidoc_crm_version_4.0.pdf, and thus downloading on my PC a reproduction of the electronic file titled ‘Definition of the CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model… version 4.0’ that is stored on the ICS FORTH’s servers in Heraklion, Crete The second print run, in 1978, of ‘The complete poems of Stephen Crane, edited with an introduction by Joseph Katz’ (ISBN ‘0-8014-9130-4’), a publication dated 1972 [publication of a printed text] " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/F33_Reproduction_Event /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises activities that consist in making copies, more or less mechanically, of an instance of E84 Information Carrier (such as an F5 Item or an F4 Manifestation Singleton which is also instance of E84 Information Carrier), preserving the expression carried by it. A Reproduction Event results in new instances of E84 Information Carrier coming into existence. In general, the copy will have different attributes from the original and they are therefore not regarded as siblings. This class makes it possible to account for the legal distinction between private copying for the purpose of “fair use,” and mass production for the purpose of dissemination. It can prove difficult to determine where to draw the line between F33 Reproduction Event and F32 Carrier Production Event in cases where multiple copies are produced. In this case, the copies, but not the original, may be regarded as instances of F5 Item. It is the existence of an explicit production plan that makes the difference. As a consequence, F33 Reproduction Event and F32 Carrier Production Event are not declared as disjoint, which makes it possible to account for such situations that could be regarded as instances of both Production Event and Reproduction Event. Examples: My photocopying now for my own private use an exemplar of the article entitled ‘Federal Court’s Ruling Against Photocopying Chain Will Not Destroy “Fair Use”’ by Kenneth D. Crews, issued in ‘Chronicle of higher education’, 17 April 1991, A48 The BnF’s producing in 1997 the microfilm identified by call number ‘Microfilm M-12169’ of the exemplar identified by shelf mark ‘Res 8 P 10’ of Amerigo Vespucci’s ‘Mundus novus’ published in Paris ca. 1503-1504 The BnF’s reproducing in 2001 the exemplar identified by call number ‘NC His Master’s Voice HC 20’ of a 78 rpm phonogram released by Gramophone in 1932, as part of the CD identified by call number ‘SDCR 2120’ The BnF’s making in 2003 a digitisation, identified by call number ‘IFN 7701015’, of the collection of drawings (held by the BnF) that were made by Étienne-Louis Boullée in 1784 for his project of a ‘Newton Cenotaph’ " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/F3_Manifestation_Product_Type /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises the definitions of publication products. An instance of F3 Manifestation Product Type is the “species”, and all copies of a given object are “specimens” of it. An instance of F3 Manifestation Product Type defines all of the features or traits that instances of F5 Item normally display in order that they may be recognised as copies of a particular publication. However, due to production problems or subsequent events, one or more instances of F5 Item may not exhibit all these features or traits; yet such instances still retain their relationship to the same instance of F3 Manifestation Product Type. The features that characterise a given instance of F3 Manifestation Product Type include: one instance of F24 Publication Expression, containing one or more than one instance of F2 Expression, reflecting the authors’ content of the manifestation and all additional input by the publisher; and the appropriate types of physical features for that form of the object. For example, hardcover and paperback are two distinct publications (i.e. two distinct instances of F3 Manifestation Product Type) even though authorial and editorial content are otherwise identical in both publications. The activity of cataloguing aims at the most accurate listing of features or traits of an instance of F3 Manifestation Product Type that are sufficient to distinguish it from another instance of F3 Manifestation Product Type. In this sense, it may be said that a typical bibliographic record for a publication (not a manuscript) reflects the notion of F3 Manifestation Product Type. Examples: The publication product containing the text entitled ‘Harmonie universelle’ (authored by the person named ‘Marin Mersenne’), issued in 1636 in Paris by the publisher named ‘Sébastien Cramoisy’ The publication product containing a modern reprint of Marin Mersenne’s ‘Harmonie universelle’, issued in 1986 in Paris by the publisher named ‘Les éditions du CNRS’, and identified by ISBN ‘2-222-00835-2’ The publication product containing the third edition of the combination of texts and graphics titled ‘Codex Manesse: die Miniaturen der großen Heidelberger Liederhandschrift, herausgegeben und erläutert von Ingo F. Walther unter Mitarbeit von Gisela Siebert’, issued by the publisher named ‘Insel-Verlag’ in 1988 The publication product containing the cartographic resource titled ‘Ordnance Survey Explorer Map 213, Aberystwyth & Cwm Rheidol’, issued in May 2005 by the publisher named ‘Ordnance Survey’ and identified by ISBN ‘0-319-23640-4’ (folded), 1:25,000 scale The publication product containing the recordings of musical works performed by the person named ‘Florence Foster Jenkins’ gathered under the title ‘The Glory (????) of the human voice’, identified by label and label number ‘RCA Victor Gold Seal GD61175’ (Note: the four question marks within parentheses belong to the title itself) " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/F40_Identifier_Assignment /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises activities that result in the allocation of an identifier to any E1 CRM Entity. An F40 Identifier Assignment may include the creation of the identifier from multiple constituents. The syntax of the identifier and the kinds of constituents to be used in constructing it may be declared in a rule. The construction of controlled access points for the names of persons, families and corporate bodies following specific cataloguing rules is a typical library application. F40 Identifier Assignment also includes the assignment of uniform titles as controlled access points for works or expressions Examples: Assigning the name heading 'William, Prince, Duke of Cambridge, 1982-' as a controlled access point for a personal name using the Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules, 2nd edition Assigning the name heading 'Library and Archives Canada' as an authorised controlled access point for a corporate body name using the Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules, 2nd edition Assigning the name heading 'Bibliothèque et Archives Canada' as an authorised controlled access point for a corporate body name using the Règles de catalogage anglo-américaines, 2e édition Assigning the author-title heading ‘Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 1749-1832. Faust. 1. Theil.’ as a uniform title for a work Assigning the title heading ‘Bible. English. American Standard’ as a uniform title for an expression " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/F41_Representative_Manifestation_Assignment /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises activities through which an Agency declares (implicitly or explicitly) that a given instance of F3 Manifestation Product Type or F4 Manifestation Singleton is representative for a given F2 Expression, i.e., that some features found on that instance of F3 Manifestation Product Type or F4 Manifestation Singleton (most prominently, information about the title) can be inferred to also apply to that instance of F2 Expression, no matter within which manifestation it is embodied. The reasoning behind is that the Work title is known through the title of an Expression that is deemed representative of the Work, and the title of the representative Expression is known through the title proper of a Manifestation that is deemed representative of the Expression representative of the Work. Examples: By using the title proper ‘Mrs Dalloway’ found on the first edition of a novel by Virginia Woolf as the basis for a uniform title for that novel, rather than the title proper ‘The hours’ found on the manuscripts held by the British Library, an Agency implicitly states that the printed edition (instance of F3 Manifestation Product Type) is representative for the instance of F2 Expression that is representative for the F1 Work, whereas the hand-written instances of F4 Manifestation Singleton are not By not using the title proper ‘The tragicall historie of HAMLET Prince of Denmarke’ found on an instance of F3 Manifestation Product Type as the basis for a uniform title heading for a work by Shakespeare, an Agency explicitly states that that instance of F3 Manifestation Product Type is not representative (at least, as far as title information is concerned) for an F2 Expression of Shakespeare’s F1 Work ‘Hamlet’ Selecting the manuscript identified by shelfmark ‘MS-8282’ within the collections of the National Library of France, Department for Music, as representative for the musical text of Stanislas Champein’s opera ‘Vichnou’ [explanation: the BnF’s Department for Music holds 3 manuscript scores (identified by shelfmarks ‘MS-8282’, ‘MS-13778’, and ‘MS-17321’) for this opera; the title inscribed on MS-8282 is ‘Vichnou’, while MS-13778 and MS-17321 are entitled ‘Vistnou’; the authorised form chosen by cataloguers and reference tools such as the Grove Dictionary for Opera is ‘Vichnou’, while ‘Vistnou’ is recorded in the BnF’s authority file only as a cross reference] " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/F42_Representative_Expression_Assignment /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises activities through which an Agency declares (implicitly or explicitly) that a given instance of F2 Expression is representative for a given F15 Complex Work, i.e., that some attributes of that instance of F2 Expression (most prominently, information about the title) can be inferred to also apply to that instance of F15 Complex Work, no matter in which particular expression it is realised. The reasoning behind this is that the Work title is known through the title of an Expression that is deemed representative of the Work, and the title of the representative Expression is known through the title of a Manifestation that is deemed representative of the Expression that is representative of the Work. For instance, by using the qualified uniform title ‘Poe, Edgar Allan, 1809-1849. Murders in the rue Morgue (French)’ for the French rendition of Poe’s ‘Murders in the rue Morgue’ by Baudelaire, an Agency implicitly states that the French text does not constitute a representative F2 Expression for Poe’s F1 Work, however the original English text does constitute a representative F2 Expression for Poe’s F1 Work. Examples: Choosing the English text entitled ‘Murders in the rue Morgue’, with that particular formulation of its title, as representative for the complex work Edgar Allan Poe’s ‘Murders in the rue Morgue’ " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/F43_Identifier_Rule /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises sets of instructions relating to the formulation of a unique identifier Examples: AACR2R 25.25-25.35F1 RAK-Musik (Revidierte Ausgabe 2003), Chapter 6 AFNOR Z 44-079 " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/F44_Bibliographic_Agency /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises agents who create the bibliographic description of publications and perform the authority control associated with such descriptions, for the description of copies of such publications actually held by libraries, and for the description of unique documents (manuscripts, objects…) held by libraries. The activity of creating such descriptions implies that one has to make decisions (as to the uniform title for a work, as to whether an arrangement still belongs to the same work or is definitely a new work, etc.). Since such decisions always are debatable and different agencies can make different decisions about the same real-world entities, it is important to document which agency made which decision. Examples: The National Library of France, identified in bibliographic and authority records by the code ‘FRBNF’ at the beginning of INTERMARC field 001 " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/F4_Manifestation_Singleton /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises physical objects that each carry an instance of F2 Expression, and that were produced as unique objects, with no siblings intended in the course of their production. It should be noted that if all but one copy of a given publication are destroyed, then that copy does not become an instance of F4 Manifestation Singleton, because it was produced together with sibling copies, even though it now happens to be unique. Examples of instances of F4 Manifestation Singleton include manuscripts, preparatory sketches and the final clean draft sent by an author or a composer to a publisher. Examples: The manuscript known as ‘The Book of Kells’ The manuscript score of Charles Racquet’s ‘Organ fantasy’, included in Marin Mersenne’s personal copy of his own ‘Harmonie universelle’ [Marin Mersenne planned a second edition of his ‘Harmonie universelle’ after it had been first published in 1636, and he asked the composer Charles Racquet to compose his organ fantasy especially for that planned second edition; but Mersenne died before he could finish and publish the second edition and Racquet’s score remained until the 20th century as a manuscript addition to Mersenne’s copy, held in Paris by the Library of the Conservatoire national des arts et métiers] Marin Mersenne’s personal copy, held in Paris by the Library of the Conservatoire national des arts et métiers, of his own ‘Harmonie universelle’, containing all of his manuscript additions for a planned second edition that never took place before his death, but that served as a basis for the modern reprint published in 1986 " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/F5_Item /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises physical objects (printed books, scores, CDs, DVDs, CD-ROMS, etc.) that carry a F24 Publication Expression and were produced by an industrial process involving a F3 Manifestation Product Type. Examples: Marin Mersenne’s personal copy of his own ‘Harmonie universelle’ without any manuscript addition and without Charles Racquet’s manuscript score, as a mere witness of the 1st edition of ‘Harmonie universelle’, Paris, 1636 [the same physical object can be regarded at the same time as an instance of F5 Item inasmuch as it is a witness of a publication, and as an instance of F4 Manifestation Singleton inasmuch as it contains manuscript annotations and additions and as it served as the basis for a subsequent production process] Any other copy of the original edition of Marin Mersenne’s ‘Harmonie universelle’, Paris, 1636 Any copy of the modern reprint publication of Marin Mersenne’s ‘Harmonie universelle’, Paris, 1986, ISBN ‘2-222-00835-2’ " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/F6_Concept /* comment "Scope note: An abstract notion or idea. [FRBRER] Includes fields of knowledge, disciplines, schools of thought, etc. Includes philosophies, religions, political ideologies, etc. Includes theories, processes, techniques, practices, etc. [Definition from the FRAD draft model, unchanged] This class comprises non-material products of our minds and other human produced data that have become objects of a discourse about their identity, circumstances of creation or historical implication. The production of such information may have been supported by the use of technical devices such as cameras or computers. Characteristically, instances of this class are created, invented or thought by someone, and then may be documented or communicated between persons. Instances of E28 Conceptual Object have the ability to exist on more than one particular carrier at the same time, such as paper, electronic signals, marks, audio media, paintings, photos, human memories, etc. They cannot be destroyed. They exist as long as they can be found on at least one carrier or in at least one human memory. Their existence ends when the last carrier and the last memory are lost. [Scope note for E28 Conceptual Object in CIDOC CRM version 5.0.1] Examples: Mankind [as a concept] Natural history of whales Cultural history of Wales The appreciation of Victor Hugo’s works in Germany between 1870 and 1914 " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/F7_Object /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises all persistent physical items with a relatively stable form, man-made or natural. [This is the beginning of scope note for E18 Physical Object in CIDOC CRM version 5.0.1] Examples: Buckingham Palace The Lusitania Apollo 11 The Eiffel Tower " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/F8_Event /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises sets of coherent phenomena or cultural manifestations bounded in time and space. It is the social or physical coherence of these phenomena that identify an E4 Period and not the associated spatio-temporal bounds. These bounds are a mere approximation of the actual process of growth, spread and retreat. Consequently, different periods can overlap and coexist in time and space, such as when a nomadic culture exists in the same area as a sedentary culture. Typically this class is used to describe prehistoric or historic periods such as the ‘Neolithic Period’, the ‘Ming Dynasty’ or the ‘McCarthy Era’. There are however no assumptions about the scale of the associated phenomena. In particular all events are seen as synthetic processes consisting of coherent phenomena. Therefore E4 Period is a superclass of E5 Event. For example, a modern clinical E67 Birth can be seen as both an atomic E5 Event and as an E4 Period that consists of multiple activities performed by multiple instances of E39 Actor. There are two different conceptualisations of “artistic style”, defined either by physical features or by historical context. For example, ‘Impressionism’ can be viewed as a period lasting from approximately 1870 to 1905 during which paintings with particular characteristics were produced by a group of artists that included (among others) Monet, Renoir, Pissarro, Sisley and Degas. Alternatively, it can be regarded as a style applicable to all paintings sharing the characteristics of the works produced by the Impressionist painters, regardless of historical context. The first interpretation is an E4 Period, and the second defines morphological object types that fall under E55 Type. Another specific case of an E4 Period is the set of activities and phenomena associated with a settlement, such as the populated period of Nineveh. [This is the Scope note for E4 Period in CIDOC CRM version 5.0.1] [Note that in CIDOC CRM, E12 Production, E13 Attribute Assignment, and E65 Creation are indirect subclasses of E4 Period = F8 Event; as a consequence, F8 Event is an indirect superclass of: F27 Work Conception, F28 Expression Creation, F40 Identifier Assignment, F41 Representative Manifestation Assignment, F42 Representative Expression Assignment, F32 Carrier Production Event, F33 Reproduction Event, and F30 Publication Event] Examples: The battle of Trafalgar Printing for the publisher named ‘Doubleday’ in 2003 all the copies of the first print run of the novel entitled ‘Da Vinci Code’ (F32) Having the initial idea that eventually resulted in the existence of the opera entitled ‘Der fliegende Holländer’ (F27) Creating for Mozart’s 41st symphony the uniform title that was thereafter consistently used to refer unambiguously to that symphony everywhere in the Library of Congress’s catalogue (F40) " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/F9_Place /* comment "Scope note: This class comprises extents in space, in particular on the surface of the earth, in the pure sense of physics: independent from temporal phenomena and matter. The instances of E53 Place are usually determined by reference to the position of immobile objects such as buildings, cities, mountains, rivers, or dedicated geodetic marks. A Place can be determined by combining a frame of reference and a location with respect to this frame. It may be identified by one or more instances of E44 Place Appellation. It is sometimes argued that instances of E53 Place are best identified by global coordinates or absolute reference systems. However, relative references are often more relevant in the context of cultural documentation and tend to be more precise. In particular, we are often interested in position in relation to large, mobile objects, such as ships. For example, the Place at which Nelson died is known with reference to a large mobile object – H.M.S Victory. A resolution of this Place in terms of absolute coordinates would require knowledge of the movements of the vessel and the precise time of death, either of which may be revised, and the result would lack historical and cultural relevance. Any object can serve as a frame of reference for E53 Place determination. The model foresees the notion of a section of an E19 Physical Object as a valid E53 Place determination. [Scope Note for E53 Place in CIDOC CRM version 5.0.1] Note that Places may be determined by the location of historical or contemporary objects, geographic features, events or geo-political units. Examples: The area referred to as ‘Lutèce’ The area referred to as ‘verso of the title page of the Library of Congress’s copy of the 1st edition of the novel entitled ‘Da Vinci Code’ " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/R10_has_member /* comment "Scope note: This property associates an instance of F15 Complex Work with an instance of F1 Work that forms part of it. The Work becomes complex by the fact that it has other instances of Work as members. Examples: Dante’s textual work entitled ‘Divina Commedia’ (F15) R10 has member Dante’s textual work entitled ‘Inferno’ (F15) Dante’s textual work entitled ‘Inferno’ (F15) R10 has member The abstract content of the pseudo-old French text of Émile Littré’s translation entitled ‘L’Enfer mis en vieux langage françois et en vers’ [a 19th century translation of Dante’s ‘Inferno’ into old French] published in Paris in 1879 (F14) Giovanni Battista Piranesi’s graphic work entitled ‘Carceri’ (F15) R10 has member Giovanni Battista Piranesi’s graphic work entitled ‘Carcere XVI: the pier with chains’ (F15) Giovanni Battista Piranesi’s graphic work entitled ‘Carcere XVI: the pier with chains’ (F15) R10 has member The abstract content of Giovanni Battista Piranesi’s graphic work entitled ‘Carcere XVI: the pier with chains: 2nd state’ (F14) " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/R11_has_issuing_rule /* comment "Scope note: This property associates an instance of F18 Serial Work with the instance of E29 Design or Procedure that specifies the issuing policy planned by this Work, such as sequencing pattern, expected frequency and expected regularity. Examples: The serial entitled ‘Quarterly journal of pure and applied mathematics’, identified by ISSN ‘1549-6724’ (F18) R11 has issuing rule To be issued every three months, on a regular basis, with each issue being numbered according to the pattern ‘Vol. 1, no. 1 (2005)’ that was observed by the Library of Congress’s cataloguers on an exemplar of the first issue (E29) " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/R12_is_realised_in /* comment "Scope note: This property associates an instance of F20 Performance Work with an instance of F25 Performance Plan that consists of signs (words, figures, etc.) which express the directions the instance of F20 Performance Work consists of. Examples: The concept of Sergei Radlov’s mise-en-scène of a Yiddish translation of the textual work entitled ‘King Lear’ in Moscow in 1935 (F20) R12 is realised in The set of instructions for the production of a Yiddish translation of the textual work entitled ‘King Lear’, as directed by Sergei Radlov in Moscow in 1935 (F25) The concept of Pina Bausch’s choreography of the ballet entitled ‘Rite of spring’ in Wuppertal in 1975 (F20) R12 is realised in The set of instructions for the production of the ballet entitled ‘Rite of spring’, as choreographed by Pina Bausch in Wuppertal in 1975 (F25) The concept of Bruno Walter’s performance of Gustav Mahler’s 9th symphony in 1961 (F20) R12 is realised in The set of instructions by Bruno Walter for performing Gustav Mahler’s 9th symphony, delivered by him to the Columbia Symphony Orchestra during rehearsals in Hollywood in 1961 (as partially documented in the CD entitled ‘Bruno Walter conducts and talks about Mahler symphony No. 9: rehearsal & performance’) (F25) The concept of the “performance handbook” for Luigi Nono’s musical work entitled ‘À Pierre’ (F20) R12 is realised in The set of instructions contained in the performance handbook for Luigi Nono’s musical work entitled ‘À Pierre’ (F25) " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/R13_is_realised_in /* comment "Scope note: This property associates an instance of F21 Recording Work with an instance of F26 Recording realising the instance of F21 Recording work. This is a shortcut of the more elaborated path through R22 was realised through, F29 Recording Event and R21 created, which should be used when information about the recording event is available. Examples: The concept of the third alternate take of the musical work entitled ‘Blue Hawaii’ as performed by Elvis Presley in Hollywood, Calif., Radio Recorders, on March 22nd, 1961 (F21) R13 is realised in The set of signs that make up the third alternate take of the musical work entitled ‘Blue Hawaii’ as performed by Elvis Presley in Hollywood, Calif., Radio Recorders, on March 22nd, 1961 (F26) " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/R14_incorporates /* comment "Scope note: This property associates an instance of F22 Self-Contained Expression with an instance of F2 Expression that was included in it and that is a realisation of an independent work. The incorporated expression may be self-contained or fragmentary. This property makes it possible to recognise the autonomous status of the incorporated expression, which was created in a distinct context, and can be incorporated in many distinct self-contained expressions, and to highlight the difference between structural and accidental whole-part relationships between conceptual entities. It accounts for many cultural facts that are quite frequent and significant: the inclusion of a poem in an anthology, the re-use of an operatic aria in a new opera, the use of a reproduction of a painting for a book cover or a CD booklet, the integration of textual quotations, the presence of lyrics in a song that sets those lyrics to music, the presence of the text of a play in a movie based on that play, etc. Examples: The text of the present version of the FRBROO definition (F22) R14 incorporates The beginning of the Scope Note for E4 Period in the CIDOC CRM definition, version 4.4 (F23) The text of the anthology entitled ‘American Women Poets of the Nineteenth Century: An Anthology’, edited by Cheryl Walker and published by Rutgers University Press in July 1992 (F22) R14 incorporates The text of the poem entitled ‘Acquainted with Grief’ and authored by Helen Hunt Jackson The sonic content of the CD entitled ‘Great moments of Lucia Popp’ issued by EMI Music International in 1996 and identified by UPC/EAN ‘0724356577022’ (F24) R14 incorporates The recorded performance of Mozart’s aria entitled ‘Der Hölle Rache’ (also known as ‘The Queen of the Night’s Aria’) by Lucia Popp accompanied by the Philharmonia orchestra conducted by Otto Klemperer in London, Kingsway Hall, between March 24, 1964 and April 10, 1964 (F26) The set of instructions for the production of ‘King Lear’, directed by Sergei Radlov in Moscow in 1935 (F25) R14 incorporates The Yiddish text of ‘King Lear’ as translated by Shmuel Galkin (F22) The set of instructions for the production of ‘King Lear’, directed by Sergei Radlov in Moscow in 1935 (F25) R14 incorporates the musical content of the score of the incidental music composed by Lev Pulver (F22) The set of instructions for the production of ‘King Lear’, directed by Sergei Radlov in Moscow in 1935 (F25) R14 incorporates The visual items (E36) shown in Alexander Tyschler’s scene settings and the models built by him for these settings (F22 and E36) The set of instructions for the production of the ballet ‘Rite of spring’, as choreographed by Pina Bausch in Wuppertal in 1975 (F25) R14 incorporates the musical score of Igor Stravinsky’s musical work ‘Rite of spring’ (F22) " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/R15_has_fragment /* comment "Scope note: This property associates the fragment of an expression and the expression of which it is a fragment. Examples: The ancient Greek text of the four stanzas from an ode by Sappho that were quoted by Pseudo-Longinus in his textual work entitled ‘On the sublime’ (F23) R15B is fragment of The complete ancient Greek text, now irremediably lost, of Sappho’s ode currently identified as Sappho’s poem #2 (F22) The statement ‘fasc. 111’ (abridgement for ‘fascicle no. 111’) indicating the sequential position of the publication identified by ISBN ‘2-7018-0037-4’ within the series entitled ‘Bibliothèque des Écoles françaises d’Athènes et de Rome’ and identified by ISSN ‘0257-4101’ (F23) R15B is fragment of The overall content of the publication identified by ISBN ‘2-7018-0037-4’ (F24) " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/R16_initiated /* comment "Scope note: This property associates the first conception of a work and the work itself that ensued from a given initial idea. It is usually not recorded in cataloguing practice as it is only exceptionally documented in real life but is required in this semantic model as it marks the origin of the causality chain that results in a work’s coming into existence. Examples: The creative spark that motivated Richard Wagner, during a stormy sea crossing in July/August 1839, to compose an opera (F27) R16 initiated Richard Wagner’s opera entitled ‘Der fliegende Holländer’ (F15) The creative spark that motivated Oscar Wilde, by May 1897, to write a poem inspired by his stay in the Reading prison in 1895-1897 (F27) R16 initiated Oscar Wilde’s poem entitled ‘The ballad of the Reading gaol’ (F15) " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/R17_created /* comment "Scope note: This property associates the expression that was first externalised during a particular creation event with that particular creation event. Examples: Richard Wagner’s writing the original manuscript of his opera entitled ‘Der fliegende Holländer’ (F28) R17 created the notational content of the original manuscript of Richard Wagner’s opera entitled ‘Der fliegende Holländer’ (F22) Oscar Wilde’s writing the original manuscript of his poem entitled ‘The ballad of the Reading gaol’ (F28) R17 created the English text of Oscar Wilde’s poem entitled ‘The ballad of the Reading gaol’ (F22) " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/R18_created /* comment "Scope note: This property associates an instance of F28 Expression Creation with the first physical objects in which the resulting instance of F2 Expression was embodied. Examples: Emily Dickinson’s creating the text of one of the several extant versions of her poem known as ‘Safe in their alabaster chambers’ (F28) R18 created The manuscript now identified as ‘Massachusetts Cambridge Harvard University Houghton Library bMS Am 1118.3 (203c, 203d)’ (F4) Emily Dickinson’s creating the text of another one of the several extant versions of her poem known as ‘Safe in their alabaster chambers’ (F28) R18 created The manuscript now identified as ‘Massachusetts Cambridge Harvard University Houghton Library bMS Am 1118.5 (74c)’ (F4) The recording of the third alternate take of the musical work entitled ‘Blue Hawaii’ performed by Elvis Presley in Hollywood, Calif., Radio Recorders, on March 22nd, 1961 (F28) R18 created The master tape of the 3rd alternate take of the musical work entitled ‘Blue Hawaii’ performed by Elvis Presley in Hollywood, Calif., Radio Recorders, on March 22nd, 1961 (F4) (each individual take is a distinct expression) The resource (a drawing) held by the New York Public Library and identified by call number ‘*MGZGB Far P Cop 1’ (F4) R18B was created by The creation, by the artist named ‘Peter Farmer’, of a costume design for the character named ‘War’ in the Act III Masque of the seasons, in the Festival Ballet of London production of the choreographic work entitled ‘Coppélia’, with choreography by Jack Carter after Petipa (F28) " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/R19_created_a_realisation_of /* comment "Scope note: This property associates an instance of F28 Expression Creation with the corresponding instance of F14 Individual Work or an instance of F15 Complex Work of which the corresponding instance of F14 Individual Work is a member. Examples: Giovanni Battista Piranesi’s creating the image identified as ‘Carcere XVI: the pier with chains: 2nd state’ (F28) R19 created a realisation of The concept of Giovanni Battista Piranesi’s graphic work entitled ‘Carcere XVI: the pier with chains: 2nd state’ (F14) Recording Glenn Gould’s performance of Johann Sebastian Bach’s musical work entitled ‘Toccata in C minor BWV 911’ on May 15 & 16, 1979, in Toronto, Eaton’s Auditorium (F29) R19 created a realisation of The concept of the recorded performance of Johann Sebastian Bach’s musical work entitled ‘Toccata in C minor BWV 911’ by Glenn Gould on May 15 & 16, 1979, in Toronto, Eaton’s Auditorium (F21) " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/R1_is_logical_successor_of /* comment "Scope note: This property associates an instance of F1 Work which logically continues the content of another instance of F1 Work with the latter. Examples: Albrecht Dürer’s woodcut from ‘The Large Woodcut Passion’ entitled ‘The Agony in the Garden’ (F1, conceived ca 1496-98) R1 is logical successor of Albrecht Dürer’s woodcut from ‘The Large Woodcut Passion’ entitled ‘The Last Supper’ (F1, dated 1510) The first ‘Star wars’ trilogy (1977-1983) R1 is logical successor of The second ‘Star wars’ trilogy (1999-2005) [Note that the logical order does not follow, in this case, the chronological order] " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/R20_recorded /* comment "Scope note: This property associates an instance of F29 Recording Event with the instance of E5 Event which was captured. Examples: The making of the recording of the third alternate take of the musical work entitled ‘Blue Hawaii’ as performed by Elvis Presley in Hollywood, Calif., Radio Recorders, on March 22nd, 1961 (F29) R20 recorded Elvis Presley’s performance of the musical work entitled ‘Blue Hawaii’ in Hollywood, Calif., Radio Recorders, on March 22nd, 1961 (F31) " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/R21_created /* comment "Scope note: This property associates an instance of F29 Recording Event with the instance of F26 Recording that was created. Examples: The making of the recording of the third alternate take of the musical work entitled ‘Blue Hawaii’ as performed by Elvis Presley in Hollywood, Calif., Radio Recorders, on March 22nd, 1961 (F29) R21 created The set of signs that make up the third alternate take of the musical work entitled ‘Blue Hawaii’ as performed by Elvis Presley in Hollywood, Calif., Radio Recorders, on March 22nd, 1961 (F26) " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/R22_created_a_realisation_of /* comment "Scope note: This property associates an instance of F29 Recording Event with the instance of F21 Recording Work it realised. Examples: The making of the recording of the third alternate take of the musical work entitled ‘Blue Hawaii’ as performed by Elvis Presley in Hollywood, Calif., Radio Recorders, on March 22nd, 1961 (F29) R22 created a realisation of the concept of the third alternate take of the musical work entitled ‘Blue Hawaii’ as performed by Elvis Presley in Hollywood, Calif. " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/R23_created_a_realisation_of /* comment "Scope note: This property associates an instance of F30 Publication Event with the instance of F19 Publication Work it realised. Examples: Establishing in 1972 the layout, features, and prototype for the publication of Stephen Crane’s complete poems (F30) R23 created a realisation of Cornell University Press’s concepts for an edition of Stephen Crane’s complete poems (F19) " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/R24_created /* comment "Scope note: This property associates the instance of F24 Publication Expression that was created during a particular F30 Publication Event. Examples: Establishing in 1972 the layout, features, and prototype for the publication of Stephen Crane’s complete poems (F30) R24 created The set of signs and instructions as to manufacturing established by Cornell University Press for a publication of Stephen Crane’s complete poems (F24) " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/R25_performed /* comment "Scope note: This property associates an instance of F31 Performance with the instance of F25 Performance Plan to which all those participating in the performance were supposed to conform. Examples: Performing the first performance of a Yiddish translation of ‘King Lear’, as directed by Sergei Radlov, in Moscow, at the Moscow State Jewish Theatre, on February 10, 1935 (F31) R25 performed the set of instructions for the production of a Yiddish translation of ‘King Lear’, directed by Sergei Radlov in Moscow in 1935 (F25) Performing the ballet ‘Rite of spring’, as choreographed by Pina Bausch, in Avignon, at the Popes’ Palace, on July 7, 1995 (F31) R25 performed the set of instructions for the production of the ballet ‘Rite of spring’, as choreographed by Pina Bausch (F25) " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/R26_produced_things_of_type /* comment "Scope note: This property associates an instance of F32 Carrier Production Event with the instance of F3 Manifestation Product Type it produced items of. Examples: The production of copies of the publication entitled ‘Codex Manesse: die Miniaturen der großen Heidelberger Liederhandschrift, herausgegeben und erläutert von Ingo F. Walther unter Mitarbeit von Gisela Siebert’, 3rd edition, Insel-Verlag, 1988 (F32) R26 produced things of type The publication identified as ‘Codex Manesse: die Miniaturen der großen Heidelberger Liederhandschrift, herausgegeben und erläutert von Ingo F. Walther unter Mitarbeit von Gisela Siebert’, 3rd edition, Insel-Verlag, 1988 (F3) The production of copies of the publication entitled ‘Ordnance Survey Explorer Map 213, Aberystwyth & Cwm Rheidol’, ISBN ‘0-319-23640-4’ (folded), 1:25,000 scale, released in May 2005 (F32) R26 produced things of type The publication identified by ISBN ‘0-319-23640-4’ (F3) The production of copies of the sound recording entitled ‘The Glory (????) of the human voice’, RCA Victor Gold Seal GD61175, containing recordings of musical works performed by Florence Foster Jenkins (F32) R26 produced things of type The publication entitled ‘The Glory (????) of the human voice’ and identified by the label and label number ‘RCA Victor Gold Seal GD61175’ (F3) The production of a second print run, in 1978, of the publication titled ‘The complete poems of Stephen Crane, edited with an introduction by Joseph Katz’ (identified by ISBN ‘0-8014-9130-4’) (F32) R26 produced things of type The publication, dated 1972, titled ‘The complete poems of Stephen Crane, edited with an introduction by Joseph Katz’ (identified by ISBN ‘0-8014-9130-4’) (F3) " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/R27_used_as_source_material /* comment "Scope note: This property associates an instance of F32 Carrier Production Event with the set of signs provided by the publisher to be carried by all of the produced items. Examples: The production of copies of the publication identified by ISBN ‘1-86197-612-7’ (F32) R27 used as source material The final set of signs sent by the publisher named ‘Profile Books’ to its printer for the production of copies of the publication identified by ISBN ‘1-86197-612-7’ (F24) " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/R28_produced /* comment "Scope note: This property associates an instance of F32 Carrier Production Event with any one of the produced items (i.e., the instances of F5 Item). Examples: The production of copies of the publication entitled ‘Codex Manesse: die Miniaturen der großen Heidelberger Liederhandschrift, herausgegeben und erläutert von Ingo F. Walther unter Mitarbeit von Gisela Siebert’, 3rd edition, Insel-Verlag, 1988 (F32) R28 produced The National Library of France’s holding identified by shelf mark ‘C-1604(2)’ (F5) The production of copies of the publication entitled ‘Ordnance Survey Explorer Map 213, Aberystwyth & Cwm Rheidol’, ISBN 0-319-23640-4 (folded), 1:25,000 scale, released in May 2005 (F32) R28 produced The National Library of Wales’ holding identified by holding information ‘MAP, STORFA/STACK ; FLAT MAP, C16 (20/1), Sheet 213, c.135/5/2’ (F5) The production of copies of the sound recording entitled ‘The Glory (????) of the human voice’, RCA Victor Gold Seal GD61175 (F32) R28 produced The London Public Library’s holding identified by call number ‘R J416.Gl’ (F5) The second print run, occurring in 1978, of the publication dated of 1972 and entitled ‘The complete poems of Stephen Crane, edited with an introduction by Joseph Katz’ (identified by ISBN ‘0-8014-9130-4’) (F32) R28 produced Universitätsbibliothek Passau’s holding identified by call number ‘00/HT 4801.978 K2’ (F5) " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/R29_reproduced /* comment "Scope note: This property associates an instance of F33 Reproduction Event with an instance of E84 Information Carrier it reproduces. Examples: Making a photocopy of an exemplar of Eran Guter’s dissertation entitled ‘Where languages end: Ludwig Wittgenstein at the crossroads of music, language, and the world’ (F33) R29 reproduced One of the original exemplars of Eran Guter’s dissertation (E84) " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/R2_is_derivative_of /* comment "Scope note: This property associates an instance of F1 Work which modifies the content of another instance of F1 Work with the latter. The property R2.1 has type of this property allows for specifying the kind of derivation, such as adaptation, summarisation etc. Examples: William Schuman’s orchestration of Charles Ives’s ‘Variations on America’ (F15) R2 is derivative of Charles Ives’s ‘Variations on America’ (F15) R2.1 has type orchestration (E55) Charles Ives’s musical work entitled ‘Variations on America’ (F15) R2 is derivative of The musical work titled ‘America’ (F15) R2.1 has type variations (E55) The musical work entitled ‘America’ (F15) R2 is derivative of The musical work entitled ‘God save the King’ (F15) R2.1 has type same tune with different lyrics (E55) " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/R30_produced /* comment "Scope note: This property associates an instance of F33 Reproduction Event with an instance of E84 Information Carrier it produces. Examples: Making a photocopy of an exemplar of Eran Guter’s dissertation entitled ‘Where languages end: Ludwig Wittgenstein at the crossroads of music, language, and the world’ (F33) R30 produced The New York Public Library holding identified by call number ‘JMD 04-1060’ (E84) " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/R31_is_reproduction_of /* comment "Scope note: This property associates an instance of E84 Information Carrier which is a reproduction of another instance of E84 Information Carrier with the latter. It is considered that a reproduction of multiple originals resulting in a single product requires a merging of those objects prior to the reproduction. Therefore an Information Carrier is regarded to be a reproduction of one and only one original. This property is a shortcut of the more fully developed path from E84 Information Carrier through R30 produced (was produced by), F33 Reproduction Event R29 reproduced (was reproduced by) to E84 Information Carrier. Examples: The New York Public Library holding identified by call number ‘JMD 04-1060’ (E84) R31 is reproduction of One of the original exemplars of Eran Guter’s dissertation (E84) " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/R3_is_realised_in /* comment "Scope note: This property associates an instance of F22 Self-Contained Expression with an instance of F1 Work. This property expresses the association that exists between an expression (F22) and the work that this expression conveys. The semantics of the association will be different depending on what specific subtype of F1 Work the work is an instance of. If the work is an instance of F14 Individual Work, the F22 Self-Contained Expression completely conveys the individual work. If the work is an instance of F15 Complex work, the F22 Self-Contained Expression conveys an alternative member of the complex work. Our factual knowledge of how a given work is realised into an expression is often limited and this property makes it possible to express the association between instances of F22 Self-Contained Expression and the work it conveys without using the more developed paths. Examples: Dante’s work entitled ‘Inferno’ (F15) R3 is realised in The Italian text of Dante’s ‘Inferno’ as found in the authoritative critical edition La Commedia secondo l’antica vulgata a cura di Giorgio Petrocchi, Milano: Mondadori, 1966-67 (= Le Opere di Dante Alighieri, Edizione Nazionale a cura della Società Dantesca Italiana, VII, 1-4) (F22) " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/R40_has_representative_expression /* comment "Scope note: This property identifies an instance of F2 Expression that has been chosen as the most characteristic expression of the instance of F1 Work of which it is an expression. Typically, any expression that is not regarded as “representative” for the work it expresses, would require a uniform title, with qualifiers specifying the differences between that expression and a representative expression, although this may not always be done in practice. The title of a Work may not be one taken from a representative expression. A given work can have more than one representative expression, provided the differences between these expressions are not deemed “substantial.” If the anticipated needs of users are not considered to call for bibliographic distinctions between variant expressions of a work, then even expressions that differ significantly from each other can be regarded as equally representative for the work. (See FRBR: Final Report, p. 19-20). A given expression can be deemed representative for a work with regard to some of its aspects (e.g., the text contained in an edition the title proper of which reads ‘The tragicall historie of HAMLET Prince of Denmarke’, and the language of that text), and not representative for it with regard to some other aspects (e.g., the title proper ‘The tragicall historie of HAMLET Prince of Denmarke’ itself, which, being different from the title that is regarded as “representative” for Shakespeare’s work, will require the use of a uniform title). R40 has representative expression is a shortcut of the more developed path F1 Work R50B was assigned by F42 Representative Expression Assignment R51 assigned F2 Expression. Examples: Walt Whitman’s textual work titled ‘Leaves of Grass’ (F15) R40 has representative expression the linguistic, English content of the 1892 edition, known as the deathbed edition, of Walt Whitman’s textual work titled ‘Leaves of Grass’ (F2) Beethoven’s 5th symphony (F15) R40 has representative expression the notational content of the 1809 edition of Beethoven’s 5th symphony (F2) Beethoven’s 5th symphony (F15) R40 has representative expression the sonic content of the recorded performance of Beethoven’s 5th symphony by the Berliner Philharmoniker conducted by Herbert von Karajan in Berlin in November 1982 (F2) The series titled ‘Nancy Drew Mysteries’ (F18) R40 has representative expression The overall content provided by publisher named ‘Armada’ in one volume belonging to that series, including, among other elements, the series title page, which states that the title of the series reads ‘Nancy Drew Mysteries’ (F24) The periodical titled ‘The New Courier’, released by UNESCO, and described by the National Library of France in a bibliographic record that contains the following statement: “Notice réd. d’après le n° d’octobre 2002” (i.e., “description based on the issue dated October 2002”) (F18) R40 has representative expression The overall content of the October 2002 issue of UNESCO’s periodical titled ‘The New Courier’ (F24) " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/R41_has_representative_manifestation_product_type /* comment "Scope note: This property identifies an instance of F3 Manifestation Product Type that has been chosen as the most characteristic Manifestation Product Type of the instance of F2 Expression of which it is a manifestation. Identifying an instance of F3 Manifestation Product Type that is representative for an instance of F2 Expression makes it possible in turn to identify an instance of F2 Expression that is representative for an instance of F1 Work, and to decide what should be regarded as the title of the work. The title of an Expression may not be one taken from a representative Manifestation Product Type or Manifestation Singleton. A given expression can have more than one Representative Manifestation Product Type. R41 has representative manifestation product type is a shortcut of the more developed path F2 Expression R48B was assigned by F41 Representative Manifestation Assignment R49 assigned F3 Manifestation Product Type. Examples: The original, English text of Virginia Woolf’s textual work entitled ‘Mrs Dalloway’ (F22) R41 has representative manifestation product type the first edition, dated 1925, of Virginia Woolf’s textual work entitled ‘Mrs Dalloway’ (F3) " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/R42_is_representative_manifestation_singleton_for /* comment "Scope note: This property identifies an instance of Manifestation Singleton that has been declared as the unique representative for an instance of F2 Expression by some bibliographic agency. This property identifies an instance of F4 Manifestation Singleton that has been chosen as the most characteristic Manifestation Singleton of the instance of F2 Expression of which it is a manifestation. Identifying an instance of F4 Manifestation Singleton that is representative for an instance of F2 Expression makes it possible in turn to identify an instance of F2 Expression that is representative for an instance of F1 Work, and to decide what should be regarded as the title of the work. The title of an Expression may not be one taken from a representative Manifestation Product Type or Manifestation Singleton. A given expression can have more than one representative Manifestation Singleton. It is a shortcut for the more developed path: F2 Expression R48B was assigned by F41 Representative Manifestation Assignment R53 assigned F4 Manifestation Singleton. Examples: The musical text of Stanislas Champein’s opera ‘Vichnou’ (F22) R42 has representative manifestation singleton The manuscript identified by shelfmark ‘MS-8282’ within the collections of the National Library of France, Department for Music (F4) [explanation: the BnF’s Department for Music holds 3 manuscript scores (identified by shelfmarks ‘MS-8282’, ‘MS-13778’, and ‘MS-17321’) for this opera; the title inscribed on MS-8282 is ‘Vichnou’, while MS-13778 and MS-17321 are titled ‘Vistnou’; the authorised form chosen by cataloguers and reference tools such as the Grove Dictionary for Opera is ‘Vichnou’, while ‘Vistnou’ is recorded in the BnF’s authority file only as a cross reference] " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/R43_carried_out_by /* comment "Scope note: This property associates a bibliographic agency (represented by one or more of its cataloguers) and the assigning of which Manifestation (i.e., which instance of F3 Manifestation Product Type or F4 Manifestation Singleton) is representative for a given expression. In cataloguing practice, such a relationship is usually just implicit. However, it can become explicit, for example when a bibliographic agency creates an authority record for a given work and fills the “Source” field with information about the publication that contains the expression that was used by the bibliographic agency to establish the uniform title for the work realised in that expression. Examples: Assigning the manuscript identified by shelfmark ‘MS-8282’ within the collections of the National Library of France, Department for Music, as representative for the musical text of Stanislas Champein’s opera ‘Vichnou’ (F41) R43 carried out by The National Library of France, identified by code ‘FRBNF’ at the beginning of field 001 in the INTERMARC authority record for the author/title heading for Stanislas Champein’s opera ‘Vichnou’ (F44) The assignment of the book that was published at some time between 1991 and 2004 and the title proper of which reads ‘The astādhyāyī of Pānini with translation and explanatory notes’ as being a representative instance of F3 Manifestation Product Type for texts that constitute bilingual editions in Sanskrit and English of Pānini’s ‘Astādhyāyī’ (F41) R43 carried out by The bibliographic agency identified, in field 040 of a MARC21 authority record for the author/title heading ‘Pānini. Astādhyāyī. English & Sanskrit’, by the code ‘DLC’ (i.e., the Library of Congress) (F44) " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/R44_carried_out_by /* comment "Scope note: This property associates a bibliographic agency (represented by one or more of its cataloguers) and the assigning of which expression is representative for a given Work. In cataloguing practice, such a relationship is usually just implicit. However, it can become explicit, for example when a bibliographic agency creates an authority record for a given work and fills the “Source” field with information about the publication that contains the expression that was used by the bibliographic agency to establish the uniform title for the work realised in that expression. Examples: Assigning the musical text contained in the manuscript identified by shelfmark ‘MS-8282’ within the collections of the National Library of France, Department for Music, as representative for Stanislas Champein’s opera ‘Vichnou’ (F41) R44 carried out by The National Library of France, identified by code ‘FRBNF’ at the beginning of field 001 in the INTERMARC authority record for the author/title heading for Stanislas Champein’s opera ‘Vichnou’ (F44) The assignment of the Sanskrit text contained in the book that was published in 1973 under the title ‘Pāṇinīyaṃ Sabdānuśāsanam’ as being a representative instance of F2 Expression for the textual work of Pānini titled ‘Astādhyāyī’ (F42) R44 carried out by The bibliographic agency identified, in field 040 of a MARC21 authority record for the author/title heading ‘Pānini. Astādhyāyī’, by the code ‘DLC’ (i.e., the Library of Congress) (F44) " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/R45_assigned_to /* comment "Scope note: This property identifies the entity to which an actor, such as a bibliographic agency, assigned an instance of F13 Identifier. Examples: Assigning the uniform title ‘The Adoration of the Shepherds (Coventry)’ (F40) R45 assigned to The anonymous textual work otherwise simply known as ‘The Adoration of the Shepherds’ (F15) [assignment of an Identifier to a Work] Assigning the uniform title ‘Rite of spring (Choreographic Work: Bausch)’ (F40) R45 assigned to Pina Bausch’s choreographic work initially simply titled ‘Rite of spring’ (F15) [assignment of an Identifier to a Work] Assigning the uniform title ‘King Kong (1933)’ (F40) R45 assigned to The motion picture directed in 1933 by Merian C. Cooper and Ernest B. Schoedsack and simply titled ‘King Kong’ (F15) [assignment of an Identifier to a Work] Assigning the personal name heading ‘Guillaume, de Machaut, ca. 1300-1377’ (F40) R45 assigned to Guillaume de Machaut (F10) [assignment of an Identifier to a Person] Assigning the corporate name heading ‘Univerza v Ljubljani. Oddelek za bibliotekarstvo’ (F40) R45 assigned to The Department for library science of the University of Ljubljana (F11) [assignment of an Identifier to a Corporate Body] " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/R46_assigned /* comment "Scope note: This property associates the instance of F13 Identifier assigned to an instance of E1 CRM Entity and the event of assigning it. Examples: Assigning a uniform title to the anonymous textual work known as ‘The Adoration of the Shepherds’, a title shared by another, distinct anonymous textual work (F40) R46 assigned Uniform title ‘The Adoration of the Shepherds (Coventry)’ (F13) Assigning a uniform title to Pina Bausch’s choreographic work initially simply entitled ‘Rite of spring’ (F40) R46 assigned Uniform title ‘Rite of spring (Choreographic Work: Bausch)’ (F13) Assigning a uniform title to the motion picture directed in 1933 by Merian C. Cooper and Ernest B. Schoedsack and entitled ‘King Kong’ (F40) R46 assigned Uniform title ‘King Kong (1933)’ (F13) Assigning a personal name heading to Guillaume de Machaut (F40) R46 assigned ‘Guillaume, de Machaut, ca. 1300-1377’ (F13) Assigning a corporate name heading to The Department for library science of the University of Ljubljana (F40) R46 assigned ‘Univerza v Ljubljani. Oddelek za bibliotekarstvo’ (F13) Assigning a subject heading (in an authority record) to the concept of knowledge representation (F40) R46 assigned ‘Conceptual structures (Information theory)’ (F13) Assigning a subject heading (in a bibliographic record) to the concept of the appreciation of Victor Hugo’s works in Germany between 1870 and 1914 (F40) R46 assigned ‘Hugo, Victor, 1802-1885 – Appreciation – Germany – 1870-1914’ (F13) " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/R47_used_constituent /* comment "Scope note: This property associates the event of assigning an instance of F13 Identifier to an entity with the elements that an actor used to compose that identifier. Examples: Assigning a uniform title to the anonymous textual work known as ‘The Adoration of the Shepherds’, a title shared by another, distinct anonymous textual work (F40) R47 used constituent ‘Coventry’ (E48 Place Name – i.e., the name of an F9 Place) Assigning a uniform title to Pina Bausch’s choreographic work initially simply entitled ‘Rite of spring’ (F40) R47 used constituent ‘(Choreographic Work: Bausch)’ (F12), which in turn is composed of ‘Choreographic Work’ (F12 Name for an E55 Type), and ‘Bausch’ (F12 Name for an F10 Person) Assigning a uniform title to the motion picture directed in 1933 by Merian C. Cooper and Ernest B. Schoedsack and entitled ‘King Kong’ (F40) R47 used constituent ‘1933’ (E50 Date, subclass of E41 Appellation) Assigning the personal name heading ‘Guillaume, de Machaut, ca. 1300-1377’ to Guillaume de Machaut (F40) R47 used constituent ‘Guillaume, de Machaut’ (F12 Name for an F10 Person), and ‘ca. 1300-1377’ (E49 Time Apellation for an E52 Time-Span [P79 beginning is qualified by E62 String “ca.”]) Assigning the corporate name heading ‘Univerza v Ljubljani. Oddelek za bibliotekarstvo’ to The Department for library science of the University of Ljubljana (F40) R47 used constituent ‘Univerza v Ljubljani’ (F13 Identifier for an F11 Corporate Body), and ‘Oddelek za bibliotekarstvo’ (F13 Identifier for an F11 Corporate Body) " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/R48_assigned_to /* comment "Scope note: This property associates the event of assigning a representative instance of F3 Manifestation Product Type or F4 Manifestation Singleton with the expression to which it was assigned. Examples: Assigning the manuscript held by the National Library of France and identified by shelf mark ‘MS-8282’ as a representative Manifestation Singleton (F36) R48 assigned to The musical text of Stanislas Champein’s opera ‘Vichnou’ (F22) " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/R49_assigned /* comment "Scope note: This property associates the event of assigning a representative instance of F3 Manifestation Product Type with the F3 Manifestation Product Type which has been assigned. Examples: Assigning a representative manifestation for the English text of Virginia Woolf’s novel entitled ‘The hours’ on the original manuscript and ‘Mrs Dalloway’ on the first printed edition (F41) R49 assigned The first printed edition, entitled ‘Mrs Dalloway’ (F3) " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/R4_carriers_provided_by /* comment "Scope note: This property associates a publication, i.e. an instance of F3 Manifestation Product Type, with an instance of F2 Expression, which all exemplars of that publication should carry, as long as they are recognised as complete exemplars of that publication. Typically, this property is observed on one exemplar of a publication, and extrapolated to all other exemplars of the same publication. This property is a shortcut of: F2 Expression R14B is incorporated in F24 Publication Expression CLR6B should be carried by F3 Manifestation Product Type. Examples: The text of Marin Mersenne’s ‘Harmonie universelle’ (F22) R4 carriers provided by Publication identified by ISBN ‘2-222-00835-2’ (F3) A recording of the Atrium Musicæ Ensemble’s performance of a fragment of Euripides’ textual and musical work entitled ‘Orestes’ (F26) R4 carriers provided by The CD entitled ‘Musique de la Grèce antique = Ancient Greek music = Griechische Musik der Antike’, released in 2000 and identified by UPC/EAN ‘794881601622’ (F3) " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/R50_assigned_to /* comment "Scope note: This property associates the event of assigning a representative instance of F2 Expression with the instance of F15 Complex Work to which it was assigned. Examples: Assigning the English text entitled ‘Murders in the rue Morgue’, with that particular formulation of its title, as a representative expression (F42) R50 assigned to Edgar Allan Poe’s textual work known, accordingly, as ‘Murders in the rue Morgue’ (F15) Assigning the Sanskrit text entitled ‘Astādhyāyī’, with that particular formulation of its title, as a representative expression (F42) R50 assigned to Pānini’s textual work known, accordingly, as ‘Astādhyāyī’ (F15) " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/R51_assigned /* comment "Scope note: This property associates the event of assigning a representative instance of F2 Expression with the F2 Expression which has been assigned. Examples: Assigning a representative expression to Edgar Allan Poe’s textual work known as ‘Murders in the rue Morgue’ in English or ‘Double meurtre dans la rue Morgue’ in French (F42) R51 assigned The English text entitled, in English, ‘Murders in the rue Morgue’, with that particular formulation of its title (F22) Assigning a representative, although fragmentary, expression to Sappho’s ode referred to as Sappho’s Poem #2 (F42) R51 assigned The ancient Greek text of four stanzas quoted in the treatise entitled ‘On the sublime’ attributed to an unidentified author referred to as ‘Pseudo-Longinus’ (F23) " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/R52_used_rule /* comment "Scope note: This property associates the event of assigning an instance of F13 Identifier with the instructions followed by an actor, such as a Bibliographic Agency, in creating that identifier. Examples: Assigning the uniform title ‘Bach, Johann Sebastian, 1685-1750. Concertos, violins (2), string orchestra, BWV 1043, D minor’ to Johann Sebastian Bach’s Double Concerto in D minor, BWV 1043 (F40) R52 used rule AACR2R 25.25-25.35F1 (F43) Assigning the uniform title ‘Bach, Johann Sebastian [Konzerte, Vl 1 2 Orch BWV 1043]’ to Johann Sebastian Bach’s Double Concerto in D minor, BWV 1043 (F40) R52 used rule RAK-Musik (Revidierte Ausgabe 2003), Chapter 6 (F43) Assigning the uniform title ‘Bach, Johann Sebastian (1685-1750). – [Concertos. Violons (2), orchestre à cordes. BWV 1043. Ré mineur]’ to Johann Sebastian Bach’s Double Concerto in D minor, BWV 1043 (F40) R52 used rule AFNOR Z 44-079 (F43) Assigning the personal name heading ‘Guillaume de Machaut (1300?-1377)’ (F40) R52 used rule AFNOR Z 44-061 (F43) Assigning the personal name heading ‘Guillaume, de Machaut, ca. 1300-1377’ (F40) R52 used rule AACR2R 22 (F43) " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/R53_assigned /* comment "Scope note: This property associates the event of assigning a representative instance of F4 Manifestation Singleton with the F4 Manifestation Singleton which has been assigned. Examples: Assigning a representative manifestation to the musical text of Stanislas Champein’s opera ‘Vichnou’ (F41) R53 assigned The manuscript identified by shelfmark ‘MS-8282’ within the collections of the National Library of France, Department for Music [explanation: the BnF’s Department for Music holds 3 manuscript scores (identified by shelfmarks ‘MS-8282’, ‘MS-13778’, and ‘MS-17321’) for this opera; the title inscribed on MS-8282 is ‘Vichnou’, while MS-13778 and MS-17321 are entitled ‘Vistnou’; the authorised form chosen by cataloguers and reference tools such as the Grove Dictionary for Opera is ‘Vichnou’, while ‘Vistnou’ is recorded in the BnF’s authority file only as a cross reference] " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/R5_has_component /* comment "Scope note: This property associates an F2 Expression X with a structural component Y that conveys in itself the complete concept of a work that is member of (R10) the overall work realized by X. It does not cover the relationship that exists between pre-existing expressions that are re-used in a new, larger expression and that new, larger expression. Such a relationship is modelled by R14 incorporates. Examples: The Italian text of Dante’s textual work entitled ‘Divina Commedia’ (F22) R5 has component The Italian text of Dante’s textual work entitled ‘Inferno’ (F22) The musical notation of Mozart’s Singspiel entitled ‘Die Zauberflöte’ (F22) R5 has component The musical notation of Mozart’s aria entitled ‘Der Hölle Rache’, also known as ‘The Queen of the Night’s Aria’ (F22) The visual content of the map entitled ‘Wales – The Midlands – South West England’, scale 1:400,000, issued by Michelin in 2005 (F22) R5 has component The visual content of the inset entitled ‘Liverpool’, scale 1:200,000, set within the compass of the map titled ‘Wales – The Midlands – South West England’, scale 1:400,000, issued by Michelin in 2005 (F22) " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/R6_carries /* comment "Scope note: This property associates an instance of F5 Item with the unique instance of F24 Publication Expression it carries. Examples: The British Library’s holding identified by shelfmark ‘DSC 9078.177 vol 19’ (F5) R6 carries The entire content (text, layout, publisher logo, etc.) of the publication entitled ‘Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records: final report’, issued by publisher named ‘K. G. Saur’ in 1998 (F24) " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/R7_is_example_of /* comment "Scope note: This property associates a publication with one of its exemplars. It is a shortcut of the more developed path: F5 Item R28B was produced by F32 Carrier Production R26 produced things of type (was produced by): F3 Manifestation Product Type. Examples: The item held by the National Library of France and identified by shelf mark ‘Res 8 P 10’ (F5) R7 is example of The edition of Amerigo Vespucci’s textual and cartographic work entitled ‘Mundus novus’ issued in Paris ca. 1503-1504 (F3) " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/R8_consists_of /* comment "Scope note: This property associates an instance of F13 Identifier with any one of the meaningful parts it is composed of, which are themselves instances of F12 Name. In particular, date expressions (i.e. instances of E50 Date) are regarded as names. Examples: Uniform title ‘The Adoration of the Shepherds (Coventry)’ (F13) R8 consists of ‘The Adoration of the Shepherds’ (E35 Title), and R8 consists of ‘Coventry’ (E48 Place Name – i.e., the name of an F9 Place) Uniform title ‘Rite of spring (Choreographic Work : Bausch)’ (F13) R8 consists of ‘Rite of spring’ (E35 Title), R8 consists of ‘Choreographic Work’ (F12 Name for an E55 Type), and R8 consists of ‘Bausch’ (F12 Name for an F10 Person) Uniform title ‘King Kong (1933)’ (F13) R8 consists of ‘King Kong’ (E35 Title), and R8 consists of ‘1933’ (E50 Date, subclass of E41 Appellation) Personal name heading ‘Guillaume, de Machaut, ca. 1300-1377’ (F13 Identifier for an F10 Person) R8 consists of ‘Guillaume, de Machaut’ (F12 Name for an F10 Person), and R8 consists of ‘ca. 1300-1377’ (E49 Time Apellation for an E52 Time-Span [P79 beginning is qualified by E62 String “ca.”]) Corporate name heading ‘Univerza v Ljubljani. Oddelek za bibliotekarstvo’ (F13 Identifier for a F11 Corporate Body) R8 consists of ‘Univerza v Ljubljani’ (F13 Identifier for a F11 Corporate Body), and R8 consists of ‘Oddelek za bibliotekarstvo’ (F12 Name for a F11 Corporate Body) ISBN ‘978-002-002-0’ (F47) R8 consists of Prefix ‘978’ for the Nigerian ISBN Agency (F12 Name for a F11 Corporate Body), and R8 consists of code ‘002’ for the Nigerian Institute of International Affairs (F12 Name for a F11 Corporate Body), and R8 consists of code ‘002’ for the publication entitled ‘Nigeria’s international economic relations’ (F12 Name for a F3 Manifestation Product Type) " (en) */
http://erlangen-crm.org/efrbroo/R9_is_realised_in /* comment "Scope note: This property associates an F14 Individual Work with the unique F22 Self-Contained Expression that completely conveys it. It is a short cut for the more developed path: F14 Individual Work R19B was realised through F28 Expression Creation R17 created F22 Self-Contained Expression. Examples: Abstract content of Giovanni Battista Piranesi’s graphic work entitled ‘Carcere XVI: the pier with chains: 2nd state’ (F14) R9 is realised in Giovanni Battista Piranesi’s graphic work entitled ‘Carcere XVI: the pier with chains: 2nd state’ (F22) Abstract content of the English text of the 1855 edition of Walt Whitman’s textual work entitled ‘Leaves of Grass’ (F14) R9 is realised in the English text of the 1855 edition of Walt Whitman’s textual work entitled ‘Leaves of Grass’ (F22) " (en) */
http://lawd.info/ontology/Agent /* comment "An Agent is an abstract entity which has agency or is considered capable of acting in some way. Current subclasses include Deities and Persons." (en) */
http://lawd.info/ontology/AssembledWork /* comment "A Written Work that collects together more than one Written Work. Manuscripts are often AssembledWorks." (en) */
http://lawd.info/ontology/Attestation /* comment "An Attestation models a piece of evidence for something in a text (e.g. the mention of a person in a document). Typically it is the conjunction of a Citation and an entity like a name or person." (en) */
http://lawd.info/ontology/Citation /* comment "A Citation models a bibliographic reference as a resource." (en) */
http://lawd.info/ontology/ConceptualWork /* comment "A Conceptual Work groups together one or more Written Works which have the same intellectual source." (en) */
http://lawd.info/ontology/Edition /* comment "A published (whether officially or not) Written Work that relies on one or more Written Works as sources" (en) */
http://lawd.info/ontology/EvidentiaryItem /* comment "Superclass for types of evidence that support assertions." (en) */
http://lawd.info/ontology/Hand /* comment "A portion of a Written Work in a distinct hand. Written Works may consist of one or more hands." (en) */
http://lawd.info/ontology/Relationship /* comment "A Relationship models any connection between two lawd:Agents" (en) */
http://lawd.info/ontology/Sigla /* comment "An ordered collection that maps Written Works used as sources for an Edition to symbols used to represent them in the context of that Edition." (en) */
http://lawd.info/ontology/Siglum /* comment "A Siglum represents a witness (a Written Work of some kind) and associates it with a symbol used to represent that work in the context of an Edition." (en) */
http://lawd.info/ontology/Translation /* comment "A Written Work that translates one or more other Written Works with the same Conceptual Work source." (en) */
http://lawd.info/ontology/WrittenWork /* comment "A written work, whether extant or not that is a version of a Conceptual Work." (en) */
http://lawd.info/ontology/abbreviation /* comment "A label representing an abbreviated form of a name or title, e.g. of an author or work. E.g. Homer -> Hom.; Odyssey -> Od.;" (en) */
http://lawd.info/ontology/child /* comment "Indicates the child in a lawd:Relationship." () */
http://lawd.info/ontology/collation /* comment "a Motivation that represents the addition of a critical apparatus comment upon a text" (en) */
http://lawd.info/ontology/conjunctOf /* comment "Indicates that a piece of evidence (any subclass of lawd:EvidentiaryItem) is joined to another—for example because they co-occur." (en) */
http://lawd.info/ontology/embodies /* comment "The relationship between a Written Work and the abstract Conceptual Work it embodies. For example, the OCT text of Homer's Iliad's relationship to the idea of Homer's Iliad." (en) */
http://lawd.info/ontology/father /* comment "Indicates the father in a lawd:Relationship." () */
http://lawd.info/ontology/foundAt /* comment "The place where an artifact was discovered." (en) */
http://lawd.info/ontology/hasAttestation /* comment "Indicates a lawd:Attestation providing evidence for a name, etc." (en) */
http://lawd.info/ontology/hasCitation /* comment "Indicates a Citation that contains the source for a lawd:Attestation" (en) */
http://lawd.info/ontology/hasName /* comment "Indicates that (e.g.) a Person or Place has a lawd:Name that is the range of the property." (en) */
http://lawd.info/ontology/mother /* comment "Indicates the mother in a lawd:Relationship." () */
http://lawd.info/ontology/origin /* comment "The place where an artifact originated." (en) */
http://lawd.info/ontology/primaryForm /* comment "Indicates the primary form of a lawd:Name" (en) */
http://lawd.info/ontology/relationshipRole /* comment "Super-property for roles in a lawd:Relationship." (en) */
http://lawd.info/ontology/represents /* comment "Describes the relationship between a Citation or Siglum and the Written Work it indicates." (en) */
http://lawd.info/ontology/responsibleAgent /* comment "Connects a work of any type to the person, group, or insitution responsible for the creation of the work." (en) */
http://lawd.info/ontology/responsibleFor /* comment "Connects any kind of author or creator to the work he/she/it is responsible for creating. The author may be anonymous or fictional." (en) */
http://lawd.info/ontology/spouse /* comment "Indicates a spouse in a lawd:Relationship." () */
http://lawd.info/ontology/variantForm /* comment "Indicates a variant form of a lawd:Name" (en) */
http://lawd.info/ontology/where /* comment "Generic location relation." (en) */
http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/contributor /* comment "An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource." (en) */
http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/coverage /* comment "The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant." (en) */
http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/creator /* comment "An entity primarily responsible for making the resource." (en) */
http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/date /* comment "A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource." (en) */
http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/description /* comment "An account of the resource." (en) */
http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/format /* comment "The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource." (en) */
http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/identifier /* comment "An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context." (en) */
http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/language /* comment "A language of the resource." (en) */
http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/publisher /* comment "An entity responsible for making the resource available." (en) */
http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/relation /* comment "A related resource." (en) */
http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/rights /* comment "Information about rights held in and over the resource." (en) */
http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/source /* comment "A related resource from which the described resource is derived." (en) */
http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/subject /* comment "The topic of the resource." (en) */
http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title /* comment "A name given to the resource." (en) */
http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/type /* comment "The nature or genre of the resource." (en) */
http://purl.org/ontology/olo/core#OrderedList /* comment "An ordered list with a given length an indexed items." (en) */
http://purl.org/ontology/olo/core#Slot /* comment "A slot in an ordered list with a fixed index." (en) */
http://purl.org/ontology/olo/core#index /* comment "An index of a slot in an ordered list." (en) */
http://purl.org/ontology/olo/core#item /* comment "An item of a slot in an ordered list." (en) */
http://purl.org/ontology/olo/core#length /* comment "The length of an ordered list." (en) */
http://purl.org/ontology/olo/core#next /* comment "Associates the next slot in an ordered list." (en) */
http://purl.org/ontology/olo/core#ordered_list /* comment "An ordered list of an slot." (en) */
http://purl.org/ontology/olo/core#previous /* comment "Associates the previous slot in an ordered list" (en) */
http://purl.org/ontology/olo/core#slot /* comment "A slot in an ordered list." (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#AbstractManuscriptText /* comment "The text that is written in an manuscript" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#AttributedAuthor /* comment "Person to whom original authorship of a linguistic object is attributed, as the source of that linguistic object" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#CollectionInstance /* comment "The gnomologium or other compilation/collection on which we are working" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#Comment /* comment "Comment on a part of the material, usually from the modern editor. N.B. The Comment class is for comments on a material that do not physically exist on that material. If a comment has been physically written on a material (usually in the margin), then this should be represented as an instance of Marginalia. " (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#ContentItem /* comment "A basic unit of interest within the Material: a division of a collection instance/section, for more exact reference than when using a section – this identifies basic units of interest in the material for SAWS (marked in TEI as <seg>)" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#DecorativeItem /* comment "Decorative element (picture, ornamentation, etc) within the material, either meaning-bearing or non meaning-bearing" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#Definition /* comment "A content item that is defining a concept or term used in the material" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#Edition /* comment "Any edited material, known or unknown, including texts such as the Bible and Kekaumenos" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#Editor /* comment "A modern scholar editing material to produce an edition, in the age of printing and beyond" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#EditorSection /* comment "Any division within a linguistic object created by an editor, e.g. to make the navigation of the text clearer or to mark a region of interest" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#EditorTitle /* comment "Indicates a title that was assigned outside the manuscript by an editor" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#Family /* comment "A grouping of related Materials - this is a concept, an interpretation, rather than a physical thing" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#HypothesisedInstance /* comment "The physical instance of an abstract manuscript text or collection instance which we hypothesise may have existed, but which we do not have - it is presumed lost or destroyed" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#Institution /* comment "An Institution can own materials, be located at places, and include persons as members" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#Lacuna /* comment "A physical gap in the physical manuscript" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#Locus /* comment "A physical location within a physical manuscript" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#ManuscriptPart /* comment "A physical section of a physical manuscript" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#Marginalia /* comment "Remark(s) physically written in the margin of the material by a scribe, not necessarily the original scribe. N.B. If a comment has been physically written on a material (usually in the margin), then this should be represented as an instance of Marginalia. The Comment class is for comments on a material that don’t physically exist on that material" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#Material /* comment "Any of the texts we are working on in SAWS or that we are referring to" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#Narrative /* comment "Narrative text that is not a saying itself, that either stands alone or is the text surrounding or immediately preceding or following the Statement (saying), e.g. 'Aristotle says...', 'The frogs asked for a king.’, ‘Aristotle is a lover of knowledge’" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#OriginalMaterial /* comment "A material produced by scribe transcription rather than being edited in modern times" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#OtherContentItem /* comment "A unit of the material within a content item, as identified by the modern editor, which isn’t a narrative, statement, or definition" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#PhysicalManuscript /* comment "The physical object on which the material we are working on exists" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#ReconstructedManuscript /* comment "Manuscript whose parts are now distributed as separate manuscript parts, so no longer exists as a whole, but can still be identified" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#Scribe /* comment "The producer / author / copier of a linguistic object (excluding editions), in the medieval age. The scribe can be named or unnamed" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#ScribeSection /* comment "Any division within a linguistic object indicated by a scribe" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#ScribeTitle /* comment "Indicates a title that was assigned within the manuscript by a scribe" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#Section /* comment "A division of a linguistic object e.g. chapter, verse, for larger-scale reference than when using a content item. These can be nested/numbered" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#Statement /* comment "The actual saying, e.g. 'All men are mortal'" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#Transmitter /* comment "Person who is described in the text content as having transmitted a content item or other linguistic objects, for example ‘[Transmitter] said that [AttributedAuthor] said … (ContentItem)" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#areMarginaliaOn /* comment "To indicate that Marginalia have been written on the manuscript,e .g. in the margins" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#commentMadeBy /* comment "A comment has been made by a modern-day scholar/editor. NB to represent marginalia physically written in the margins of the manuscript, use: Marginalia marginaliaAddedBy Scribe." (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#decorationAddedBy /* comment "A DecorativeItem has been physically added onto the manuscript by a Person NB to represent marginalia notes (text) physically written in the margins of the manuscript, use: Marginalia marginaliaAddedBy Scribe" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#follows /* comment "A Section/ContentItem/CollectionInstance comes after another Section/ContentItem/CollectionInstance in the document" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#formsPartOf /* comment "Physical Manuscripts can be composed of many Manuscript Parts – this relationship would be stated once for each part. This relationship can be used both for existing Manuscript Parts or for Manuscript Parts which used to be parts of a manuscript" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#hasAddedDecoration /* comment "A Person has physically added a DecorativeItem onto the manuscript NB to represent where scribes have written marginalia notes (text) physically onto the manuscript, use: Scribe hasAddedMarginalia Marginalia" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#hasAddedMarginalia /* comment "A Scribe has physically added Marginalia onto a manuscript. NB to represent where a modern-day scholar/editor makes a comment, not written onto the manuscript, use: Editor hasMadeComment Comment " (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#hasAncestor /* comment "An ancestor OriginalMaterial is a source material (direct or indirect) for the production of part or all of the descendant OriginalMaterial" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#hasChild /* comment "The parent OriginalMaterial is a direct source for the production of part or all of the child OriginalMaterial" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#hasComment /* comment "To indicate that something has been commented about in an editorial Comment " (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#hasDescendant /* comment "An ancestor OriginalMaterial is a source material (direct or indirect) for the production of part or all of the descendant OriginalMaterial" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#hasMadeComment /* comment "A modern-day scholar/editor has made a comment. NB to represent scribes physically writing marginalia on the manuscript, use: Scribe hasAddedMarginalia." (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#hasMarginalia /* comment "To indicate that a manuscript has had Marginalia written on it, e.g. in the margins" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#hasMember /* comment "We use hasMember to indicate: - A Family contains the specified original material (i.e. one produced by Scribe transcription rather than being edited in modern times) - An Institution has as a member this Person" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#hasOwned /* comment "A Person has owned (either currently or in the past) the Material of Interest. This would normally be based on a specific statement/mark of ownership." (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#hasParent /* comment "The parent OriginalMaterial is a known direct source for the production of part or all of the child OriginalMaterial" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#hasPart /* comment "Physical Manuscripts can be composed of many Manuscript Parts – this relationship would be stated once for each part. This relationship can be used both for existing Manuscript Parts or for Manuscript Parts which used to be parts of a manuscript" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#hasUsed /* comment "A Person has used (either currently or in the past) the OriginalMaterial in their work. Interaction is other than ownership." (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#hasWritten /* comment "A Person has written (or has transcribed) a LinguisticObject. NB This also includes: Editor hasWritten Comment Scribe hasWritten Marginalia" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#isAncestorOf /* comment "An ancestor OriginalMaterial is a source material (direct or indirect) for the production of part or all of the descendant OriginalMaterial" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#isAttributedAuthorOf /* comment "An author has been attributed as the author of this LinguisticObject (any Linguistic Object except Edition)" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#isAttributedToAuthor /* comment "A LinguisticObject (except Edition) is attributed to this AttributedAuthor" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#isBasedOn /* comment "A LinguisticObject is based upon one or more textual materials (manuscripts, collections etc). One <relation> per each textual material)" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#isBySameScribeAs /* comment "The two manuscripts (or parts of the manuscripts) have been copied/produced by the same Person" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#isChildOf /* comment "The parent OriginalMaterial is a direct source for the production of part or all of the child OriginalMaterial" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#isCloseRenderingOf /* comment "This property specifies the source and target LinguisticObject involved (respectively) when rendering one LinguisticObject instance to express it in a related but different way (not necessarily in a different Language), resulting in a new LinguisticObject e.g. poetry into prose, or from one dialect to another, or a paraphrase being made. This property indicates that the new LinguisticObject is a close rendering of the original LinguisticObject. This need not imply that one is a direct copy of the other, nor which is the earlier" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#isCloseTranslationOf /* comment "This property indicates that the translated text is a close interpretation of the original text. This need not imply that one is a direct translation of the other, nor which is the earlier" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#isCommentOn /* comment "To indicate that an editorial Comment is being made about something" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#isCopiedBy /* comment "A LinguisticObject (except Edition) is copied by this Scribe" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#isCopierOf /* comment "A Scribe has written or copied this LinguisticObject (any Linguistic Object except Edition)" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#isDescendantOf /* comment "An ancestor OriginalMaterial is a source material (direct or indirect) for the production of part or all of the descendant OriginalMaterial" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#isDifferentTo /* comment "To explicitly say that two things are different from each other" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#isDirectCopyOf /* comment "To say explicitly that one Linguistic Object is a direct copy of another Linguistic Object. This relationship can be used in conjunction with other relationships which specify more details about the copying, e.g. isLooseRenderingOf, isVersionOf" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#isDirectTranslationOf /* comment "the translator worked directly from an MS or text which we have identified. This does imply that the first Linguistic Object is a direct translation of the second Linguistic Object, meaning that the second Linguistic Object existed first. This relationship can be used in conjunction with other relationships which specify more details about the translation, e.g. isLooseTranslationOf, isLongerTranslationOf" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#isEditedBy /* comment "An Edition is edited by an Editor (someone from the SAWS team or another modern-day scholar)" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#isEditorOf /* comment "An Editor (a modern-day scholar, e.g. someone from the SAWS team) has edited an Edition" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#isFromSamePlaceAs /* comment "The two manuscripts (or parts of the manuscripts) have been copied/produced in the same Place" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#isIdentifiedBy /* comment "A ScribeSection of text within the source isIdentifiedBy a Scribe/An EditorSection of text within the source isIdentifiedBy a modern-day Editor" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#isInLanguage /* comment "A LinguisticObject is text in the specified Language" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#isInSameFamilyAs /* comment "Two OriginalMaterials are related by being part of the same Family of Original Materials" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#isLocatedAt /* comment "A physical thing is (or was) located at a particular location (Place or Locus) NB Use this relation if you are talking about a physically-existing object being located at a physical place. Use physicallyLocatedAt if you are talking about an abstract linguistic object being found at a particular locus." (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#isLocationForWritingOf /* comment "A Place is the location witnessing the writing (or transcription) of a LinguisticObject" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#isLocationOf /* comment "A particular Place or Locus is (or was) the location of a physical thing. NB Use this relation if you are talking about the physical location of a physically-existing object. Use physicalLocationOf if you are talking about the physical location for an abstract linguistic object." (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#isLongerTranslationOf /* comment "A Linguistic Object is a enhanced or expanded version of another Linguistic Object, in a different language. This need not imply that one is a direct translation of the other, nor which is the earlier" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#isLongerVersionOf /* comment "A LinguisticObject is related to another LinguisticObject in that it conveys the same ideas (FRBRoo: Work), but is expressed in an expanded or enhanced version of the text (FRBRoo: a different and longer Expression). This need not imply that one is a direct copy of the other, nor which is the earlier." (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#isLooseRenderingOf /* comment "This property specifies the source and target LinguisticObject involved (respectively) when rendering one LinguisticObject instance to express it in a related but different way (not necessarily in a different Language), resulting in a new LinguisticObject e.g. poetry into prose, or from one dialect to another, or a paraphrase being made. This property indicates that the new LinguisticObject is a loose rendering of the original LinguisticObject. This need not imply that one is a direct copy of the other, nor which is the earlier" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#isLooseTranslationOf /* comment "This property indicates that the translated text is a loose interpretation of the original text. This need not imply that one is a direct translation of the other, nor which is the earlier]." (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#isMemberOf /* comment "We use isMemberOf to indicate: - An OriginalMaterial is member of a Family of related OriginalMaterials - A Person is member of an Institution" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#isNotPresentIn /* comment "To specify that a piece of text is missing from a LinguisticObject, for example if this text appears in a corresponding part of a manuscript from the same Family" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#isOlderThan /* comment "A Physical man-made thing (physical manuscript) is older than (i.e. was produced earlier in time than) another specified Physical man-made thing" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#isParentOf /* comment "The parent OriginalMaterial is a direct source for the production of part or all of the child OriginalMaterial" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#isReferencedBy /* comment "This property allows you to say that an object or some text (internal to that document or from an external source) is referred to in the text of a LinguisticObject, e.g. by being described or being alluded to" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#isRelatedTo /* comment "Two things are related in some way. This relation may be used where the details of the link are to be refined at a later date, or where some relation is seen but the annotater cannot be more specific than to indicate that this relationship exists." (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#isSequentiallySameAs /* comment "A CollectionInstance or Section has the same sequential structure as another CollectionInstance or Section. N.B. CollectionInstances contain sequences of ordered Sections. Sections contain sequences of ordered ContentItems" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#isSequentiallySimilarTo /* comment "A CollectionInstance or Section has a slightly different but related sequential structure to another CollectionInstance or Section. N.B. CollectionInstances contain sequences of ordered Sections. Sections contain sequences of ordered ContentItems" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#isShorterTranslationOf /* comment "A Linguistic Object is a condensed version of another Linguistic Object, in a different language. This need not imply that one is a direct translation of the other, nor which is the earlier]" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#isShorterVersionOf /* comment "A LinguisticObject is related to another LinguisticObject in that it conveys the same ideas (FRBRoo: Work), but is expressed in a more concise version (FRBRoo: a different and shorter Expression)]" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#isSiblingOf /* comment "The two OriginalMaterials are produced using the same source(s) OriginalMaterial(s) (as indirect or direct source)" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#isSourceFor /* comment "A textual material (manuscripts, collections etc) is one of the source documents on which a Linguistic Object is based. One <relation> per each textual material." (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#isSubSequenceOf /* comment "A Section is formed of a sequence of ContentItems that is a subsequence of the sequence of ContentItems in another Section" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#isTransliterationOf /* comment "A LinguisticObject is a transliteration of another LinguisticObject, i.e. same words but using a different set of characters, e.g. kai isTransliterationOf και . This need not imply that one is a direct translation of the other, nor which is the earlier]" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#isTransmittedBy /* comment "A LinguisticObject (except Edition) is transmitted by this Transmitter (Person)" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#isTransmitterOf /* comment "A Transmitter (Person) has transmitted this LinguisticObject (any Linguistic Object except Edition)" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#isTwinOf /* comment "The two OriginalMaterials are produced using the same direct source OriginalMaterial(s)" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#isUnrelatedTo /* comment "To explicitly say two things are not at all related but are completely independent of each other" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#isVariantOf /* comment "A LinguisticObject is a linguistically modified copy of a second LinguisticObject, in the same language/genre, and of the same length, with only small variation in use or order of words, e.g. one or two words substituted for another, or a connective inserted. This may or may not have different conceptual function. This need not imply that one is a direct copy of the other, nor which is the earlier" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#isVariantTranslationOf /* comment "A LinguisticObject is a slightly modified copy of another LinguisticObject. For comparing between different languages (where a translation act is known to have taken place directly between those documents, in a particular direction)" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#isVerbatimOf /* comment "A LinguisticObject is a verbatim, word-for-word copy of another LinguisticObject. This need not imply that one is a direct copy of the other, nor which is the earlier." (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#isVerbatimTranslationOf /* comment "word-for-word translation (ad pedem). This need not imply that one is a direct translation of the other, nor which is the earlier]" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#isVersionInAnotherLanguageOf /* comment "A LinguisticObject is a version of another LinguisticObject in another language. This need not imply that one is a direct translation of the other, nor which is the earlier" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#isVersionOf /* comment "A LinguisticObject is a version in the same language of another LinguisticObject. This relates to the other object, but matches less closely than isVariantOf. This need not imply that one is a direct copy of the other, nor which is the earlier." (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#isWrittenAt /* comment "A LinguisticObject is written (or transcribed) at a specified Place" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#isWrittenBy /* comment "A LinguisticObject is written (or transcribed) by a specified Person" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#isYoungerThan /* comment "A Physical man-made thing (physical manuscript) is younger than (i.e. was produced later in time than) another specified Physical man-made thing" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#marginaliaAddedBy /* comment "Marginalia have been physically added onto the manuscript by a Scribe NB to represent where a comment has been made by a modern-day scholar/editor, not written onto the manuscript, use: Comment commentMadeBy Editor" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#ownedBy /* comment "The Material of interest has been owned (in the past or currently) by this particular Person. This would normally be based on a specific statement/mark of ownership." (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#physicalLocationOf /* comment "This lets you describe the physical location of the LinguisticObject, e.g. a particular piece of text, or Marginalia, by recording the Locus that the notes are physically written on in a Material. You can describe the Locus (e.g. folio number, or position on the page) in free text, in as much detail as required, if there is no formal way to describe the location of the text/marginalia] NB Use this relation if you are talking about the physical location for an abstract linguistic object. Use isLocationOf if you are talking about the physical location of a physically-existing object." (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#physicallyLocatedAt /* comment "This lets you describe the physical location of the LinguisticObject, e.g. a particular piece of text, or Marginalia, by recording the Locus that the notes are physically written on in a Material. You can describe the Locus (e.g. folio number, or position on the page) in free text, in as much detail as required, if there is no formal way to describe the location of the text/marginalia NB Use this relation if you are talking about an abstract linguistic object which is to be found at a particular locus. Use isLocatedAt if you are talking about a physically-existing object being located at a physical place." (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#physicallyLocatedAt /* comment "physically located at" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#precedes /* comment "A Section/ContentItem/CollectionInstance comes before another Section/ContentItem/CollectionInstance in the document" (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#refersTo /* comment "This property allows you to say that the text of a LinguisticObject makes a reference to (or mentions) some other text or object, either within the text (e.g. as allusion) or external to the text (for external things, please give a URI for that object) This can include references to summaries (eg ToC)." (en) */
http://purl.org/saws/ontology#usedBy /* comment "The Original Material of interest has been used by this particular Person in their work. Interaction is other than ownership." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label /* comment "" (en) */
http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#seeAlso /* comment "" (en) */
http://www.w3.org/2003/06/sw-vocab-status/ns#moreinfo /* comment "more information about the status etc of a term, typically human oriented" () */
http://www.w3.org/2003/06/sw-vocab-status/ns#term_status /* comment "the status of a vocabulary term, expressed as a short symbolic string; known values include 'unstable','testing', 'stable' and 'archaic'" () */
http://www.w3.org/2003/06/sw-vocab-status/ns#userdocs /* comment "human-oriented documentation, examples etc for use of this term" () */
http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#altLabel /* comment "The range of skos:altLabel is the class of RDF plain literals." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#altLabel /* comment "skos:prefLabel, skos:altLabel and skos:hiddenLabel are pairwise disjoint properties." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#broader /* comment "Broader concepts are typically rendered as parents in a concept hierarchy (tree)." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#exactMatch /* comment "skos:exactMatch is disjoint with each of the properties skos:broadMatch and skos:relatedMatch." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#hiddenLabel /* comment "The range of skos:hiddenLabel is the class of RDF plain literals." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#hiddenLabel /* comment "skos:prefLabel, skos:altLabel and skos:hiddenLabel are pairwise disjoint properties." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#mappingRelation /* comment "These concept mapping relations mirror semantic relations, and the data model defined below is similar (with the exception of skos:exactMatch) to the data model defined for semantic relations. A distinct vocabulary is provided for concept mapping relations, to provide a convenient way to differentiate links within a concept scheme from links between concept schemes. However, this pattern of usage is not a formal requirement of the SKOS data model, and relies on informal definitions of best practice." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#memberList /* comment "For any resource, every item in the list given as the value of the skos:memberList property is also a value of the skos:member property." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#narrower /* comment "Narrower concepts are typically rendered as children in a concept hierarchy (tree)." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#prefLabel /* comment "A resource has no more than one value of skos:prefLabel per language tag, and no more than one value of skos:prefLabel without language tag." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#prefLabel /* comment "The range of skos:prefLabel is the class of RDF plain literals." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#prefLabel /* comment "skos:prefLabel, skos:altLabel and skos:hiddenLabel are pairwise disjoint properties." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#related /* comment "skos:related is disjoint with skos:broaderTransitive" (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#Annotation /* comment "Typically an Annotation has a single Body (oa:hasBody), which is the comment or other descriptive resource, and a single Target (oa:hasTarget) that the Body is somehow "about". The Body provides the information which is annotating the Target. This "aboutness" may be further clarified or extended to notions such as classifying or identifying with oa:motivatedBy." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#Choice /* comment "A multiplicity construct that conveys to a consuming application that it should select one of the constituent resources to display to the user, and not render/use all of them. oa:Choice can be used as the object of the object of the oa:hasBody, oa:hasTarget, oa:hasSelector, oa:hasState, oa:styledBy and oa:hasScope relationships, There MUST be 1 or more oa:item relationships for each oa:Choice. There SHOULD be exactly 1 default relationship for each Choice." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#Composite /* comment "A multiplicity construct that conveys to a consuming application that all of the constituent resources are required for the Annotation to be correctly interpreted. oa:Composite can be used as the object of the object of the oa:hasBody, oa:hasTarget, oa:hasSelector, oa:hasState, oa:styledBy and oa:hasScope relationships, There MUST be 2 or more oa:item relationships for each oa:Composite." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#CssStyle /* comment "A resource which describes styles for resources participating in the Annotation using CSS. Specific Resources MAY be assigned a CSS style class using oa:styleClass. The CSS resource MAY have its own dereferencable URI that provides the information. For example, "Style1" in the diagram below might actually have the URI "http://www.example.com/styles/annotations.css". It MAY be embedded within the Annotation using the inline constructions described in Embedding Resources." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#DataPositionSelector /* comment "A Selector which describes a range of data based on its start and end positions within the byte stream of the representation. Each DataPositionSelector MUST have exactly 1 oa:start property. Each TextPositionSelector MUST have exactly 1 oa:end property. See oa:TextPositionSelector for selection at normalized character level rather than bytestream level." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#FragmentSelector /* comment "A Selector which describes the segment of interest in a representation, through the use of the fragment identifier component of a URI. It is RECOMMENDED to use oa:FragmentSelector as the selector on a Specific Resource rather than annotating the fragment URI directly, in order to improve discoverability of annotation on the Source. The oa:FragmentSelector MUST have exactly 1 rdf:value property, containing the fragment identifier component of a URI that describes the segment of interest in the resource, excluding the initial "#". The Fragment Selector SHOULD have a dcterms:conformsTo relationship with the object being the specification that defines the syntax of the fragment, for instance <http://tools.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3236> for HTML fragments. " (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#HttpRequestState /* comment "A resource which describes how to retrieve an appropriate representation of the Source resource for the Annotation, based on the HTTP Request headers to send to the server. There MUST be exactly 1 rdf:value property per HttpRequestState, containing HTTP request headers as a single, complete string, exactly as they would appear in an HTTP request. " (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#List /* comment "A multiplicity construct that conveys to a consuming application that all of the constituent resources are required for the Annotation to be correctly interpreted, and in a particular order. oa:List can be used as the object of the object of the oa:hasBody, oa:hasTarget, oa:hasSelector, oa:hasState, oa:styledBy and oa:hasScope relationships, There MUST be 2 or more oa:item relationships for each oa:List, with their order defined using the rdf:List construct of rdf:first/rdf:rest/rdf:nil. All the elements of the list should also be declared using oa:item, and each of the oa:items should appear at least once in the list." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#Motivation /* comment "The Motivation for creating an Annotation, indicated with oa:motivatedBy, is a reason for its creation, and might include things like oa:replying to another annotation, oa:commenting on a resource, or oa:linking to a related resource. Each Annotation SHOULD have at least one oa:motivatedBy relationship to an instance of oa:Motivation, which is a subClass of skos:Concept." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#Selector /* comment "A resource which describes the segment of interest in a representation of a Source resource, indicated with oa:hasSelector from the Specific Resource. This class is not used directly in Annotations, only its subclasses are. The nature of the Selector will be dependent on the type of the representation for which the segment is conveyed. The specific type of selector should be indicated using a subclass of oa:Selector. The Specifier's description MAY be conveyed as an external or embedded resource (cnt:Content), or as RDF properties within the graph. The description SHOULD use existing standards whenever possible. If the Specifier has an HTTP URI, then its description, and only its description, MUST be returned when the URI is dereferenced." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#SemanticTag /* comment "A class assigned to the Body when it is a semantic tagging resource; a URI that identifies a concept, rather than an embedded string, frequently a term from a controlled vocabulary. It is NOT RECOMMENDED to use the URI of a document as a Semantic Tag, as it might also be used as a regular Body in other Annotations which would inherit the oa:SemanticTag class assignment. Instead it is more appropriate to create a new URI and link it to the document, using the foaf:page predicate." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#SpecificResource /* comment "A resource identifies part of another Source resource, a particular representation of a resource, a resource with styling hints for renders, or any combination of these. The Specific Resource takes the role of oa:hasBody or oa:hasTarget in an oa:Annotation instead of the Source resource. There MUST be exactly 1 oa:hasSource relationship associated with a Specific Resource. There MUST be exactly 0 or 1 oa:hasSelector relationship associated with a Specific Resource. There MAY be 0 or 1 oa:hasState relationship for each Specific Resource. If the Specific Resource has an HTTP URI, then the exact segment of the Source resource that it identifies, and only the segment, MUST be returned when the URI is dereferenced. For example, if the segment of interest is a region of an image and the Specific Resource has an HTTP URI, then dereferencing it MUST return the selected region of the image as it was at the time when the annotation was created. Typically this would be a burden to support, and thus the Specific Resource SHOULD be identified by a globally unique URI, such as a UUID URN. If it is not considered important to allow other Annotations or systems to refer to the Specific Resource, then a blank node MAY be used instead." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#State /* comment "A resource which describes how to retrieve an appropriate representation of the Source resource, indicated with oa:hasState from the Specific Resource. This class is not used directly in Annotations, only its subclasses are. The Specifier's description MAY be conveyed as an external or embedded resource (cnt:Content), or as RDF properties within the graph. The description SHOULD use existing standards whenever possible. If the Specifier has an HTTP URI, then its description, and only its description, MUST be returned when the URI is dereferenced." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#Style /* comment "A resource which describes the style in which the selection or resource should be rendered, indicated with oa:styledBy from an oa:Annotation. This class is not used directly in Annotations, only its subclasses are. The content of the resource provides the rendering hints about the Annotation's constituent resources. The Specifier's description MAY be conveyed as an external or embedded resource (cnt:Content), or as RDF properties within the graph. The description SHOULD use existing standards whenever possible. If the Specifier has an HTTP URI, then its description, and only its description, MUST be returned when the URI is dereferenced." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#SvgSelector /* comment "A Selector which selects an area specified as an SVG shape. The SVG document should either be retrievable by resolving the URI of this resource, or be included as an Embedded Resource using cnt:Content. It is RECOMMENDED that the document contain only a single shape element and that element SHOULD be one of: path, rect, circle, ellipse, polyline, polygon or g. The g element SHOULD ONLY be used to construct a multi-element group, for example to define a donut shape requiring an outer circle and a clipped inner circle. The dimensions of both the shape and the SVG canvas MUST be relative to the dimensions of the Source resource. For example, given an image which is 600 pixels by 400 pixels, and the desired section is a circle of 100 pixel radius at the center of the image, then the SVG element would be: <circle cx="300" cy="200" r="100"/> It is NOT RECOMMENDED to include style information within the SVG element, nor Javascript, animation, text or other non shape oriented information. Clients SHOULD ignore such information if present." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#Tag /* comment "A class assigned to the Body when it is a tag, such as a embedded text string with cnt:chars. Tags are typically keywords or labels, and used for organization, description or discovery of the resource being tagged. In the Semantic Web, URIs are used instead of strings to avoid the issue of polysemy where one word has multiple meanings, such usage MUST be indicated using the subclass oa:SemanticTag. Annotations that tag resources, either with text or semantic tags, SHOULD also have the oa:tagging motivation to make the reason for the Annotation more clear to applications, and MAY have other motivations as well." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#TextPositionSelector /* comment "An oa:Selector which describes a range of text based on its start and end positions. The text MUST be normalized before counting characters. For a Selector that works from the bitstream rather than the rendered characters, see oa:DataPositionSelector. Each oa:TextPositionSelector MUST have exactly 1 oa:start property. Each oa:TextPositionSelector MUST have exactly 1 oa:end property." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#TextQuoteSelector /* comment "A Selector that describes a textual segment by means of quoting it, plus passages before or after it. For example, if the document were "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz", one could select "efg" by a oa:prefix of "abcd", the quotation of oa:exact "efg" and a oa:suffix of "hijk". The text MUST be normalized before recording. Each TextQuoteSelector MUST have exactly 1 oa:exact property. Each TextQuoteSelector SHOULD have exactly 1 oa:prefix property, and MUST NOT have more than 1. Each TextQuoteSelector SHOULD have exactly 1 oa:suffix property, and MUST NOT have more than 1." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#TimeState /* comment "A resource which describes how to retrieve a representation of the Source resource that is temporally appropriate for the Annotation. There MUST be at least one of oa:cachedSource or oa:when specified. If there is more than 1, each gives an alternative copy of the representation." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#annotatedAt /* comment "The time at which the Annotation was created. There SHOULD be exactly 1 oa:annotatedAt property per Annotation, and MUST NOT be more than 1. The datetime MUST be expressed in the xsd:dateTime format, and SHOULD have a timezone specified." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#annotatedBy /* comment "The object of the relationship is a resource that identifies the agent responsible for creating the Annotation. This may be either a human or software agent. There SHOULD be exactly 1 oa:annotatedBy relationship per Annotation, but MAY be 0 or more than 1, as the Annotation may be anonymous, or multiple agents may have worked together on it. It is RECOMMENDED to use these and other FOAF terms to describe agents: foaf:Person, prov:SoftwareAgent, foaf:Organization, foaf:name, foaf:mbox, foaf:openid, foaf:homepage" (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#bookmarking /* comment "The motivation that represents the creation of a bookmark to the target resources or recorded point or points within one or more resources. For example, an Annotation that bookmarks the point in a text where the reader finished reading. Bookmark Annotations may or may not have a Body resource." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#cachedSource /* comment "A link to a copy of the Source resource's representation appropriate for the Annotation, typically a copy of the original at the time that the Annotation was created" (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#classifying /* comment "The motivation that represents the assignment of a classification type, typically from a controlled vocabulary, to the target resource(s). For example to classify an Image resource as a Portrait." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#commenting /* comment "The motivation that represents a commentary about or review of the target resource(s). For example to provide a commentary about a particular PDF." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#default /* comment "The constituent resource of a oa:Choice to use as a default option, if there is no other means to determine which would be most appropriate. There SHOULD be exactly 1 default relationship for each Choice." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#describing /* comment "The motivation that represents a description of the target resource(s), as opposed to a comment about them. For example describing the above PDF's contents, rather than commenting on their accuracy." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#editing /* comment "The motivation that represents a request for a modification or edit to the target resource. For example, an Annotation that requests a typo to be corrected." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#end /* comment "The end position of the segment of text or bytes. The first character/byte in the full text/stream is position 0. The character/byte indicated at position oa:end is NOT included within the selected segment. See oa:DataPositionSelector and oa:oa:TextPositionSelector." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#equivalentTo /* comment "The subject and object resources of the oa:equivalentTo relationship represent the same resource, but potentially have different metadata such as oa:serializedBy, oa:serializedAt and serialization format. oa:equivalentTo is a symmetrical and transitive relationship; if A oa:equivalentTo B, then it is also true that B oa:equivalent A; and that if B oa:equivalentTo C, then it is also true that A oa:equivalentTo C. The Annotation MAY include 0 or more instances of the oa:equivalentTo relationship between copies of the Annotation or other resources, and SHOULD include as many as are available. If a system publishes an embedded resource (a cnt:Content) at a new HTTP URI, then it SHOULD express the oa:equivalentTo relationship between the resource's URN and the new URI from which it is available." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#exact /* comment "A copy of the text which is being selected, after normalization. See oa:TextQuoteSelector." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#hasBody /* comment "The relationship between oa:Annotation and body. The body is somehow "about" the oa:hasTarget of the annotation. The Body may be of any media type, and contain any type of content. The Body SHOULD be identified by HTTP URIs unless they are embedded within the Annotation. Embedded bodies SHOULD be instances of cnt:ContentAsText and embed their content with cnt:chars. They SHOULD declare their media type with dc:format, and MAY indicate their language using dc:language and a RFC-3066 language tag. There is no OA class provided for "Body" as a body might be a target of a different annotation. However, there SHOULD be 1 or more content-based classes associated with the body resources of an Annotation, and the dctypes: vocabulary is recommended for this purpose, for instance dctypes:Text to declare textual content. " (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#hasScope /* comment "The relationship between a Specific Resource and the resource that provides the scope or context for it in this Annotation. There MAY be 0 or more hasScope relationships for each Specific Resource." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#hasSelector /* comment "The relationship between a oa:SpecificResource and a oa:Selector. There MUST be exactly 0 or 1 oa:hasSelector relationship associated with a Specific Resource. If multiple Selectors are required, either to express a choice between different optional, equivalent selectors, or a chain of selectors that should all be processed, it is necessary to use oa:Choice, oa:Composite or oa:List as a selector." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#hasSource /* comment "The relationship between a oa:SpecificResource and the resource that it is a more specific representation of. There MUST be exactly 1 oa:hasSource relationship associated with a Specific Resource." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#hasState /* comment "The relationship between a oa:SpecificResource and a oa:State resource. There MAY be 0 or 1 oa:hasState relationship for each SpecificResource. If there are multiple State resources that must be associated with the specific resource, then the use of the Multiplicity Constructs oa:Choice, oa:Composite or oa:List is RECOMMENDED." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#hasTarget /* comment "The relationship between oa:Annotation and target. The target resource is what the oa:hasBody is somewhat "about". The target may be of any media type, and contain any type of content. The target SHOULD be identified by HTTP URIs unless they are embedded within the Annotation. Embedded targets SHOULD be instances of cnt:ContentAsText and embed their content with cnt:chars. They SHOULD declare their media type with dc:format, and MAY indicate their language using dc:language and a RFC-3066 language tag. There is no OA class provided for "Target" as a target might be a body in a different annotation. However, there SHOULD be 1 or more content-based classes associated with the target resources of an Annotation, and the dctypes: vocabulary is recommended for this purpose, for instance dctypes:Text to declare textual content." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#highlighting /* comment "The motivation that represents a highlighted section of the target resource or segment. For example to draw attention to the selected text that the annotator disagrees with. A Highlight may or may not have a Body resource" (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#identifying /* comment "The motivation that represents the assignment of an identity to the target resource(s). For example, annotating the name of a city in a string of text with the URI that identifies it." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#item /* comment "The relationship between a multiplicity construct node and its constituent resources. There MUST be 1 or more item relationships for each multiplicity construct oa:Choice, oa:Composite and oa:List." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#linking /* comment "The motivation that represents an untyped link to a resource related to the target." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#moderating /* comment "The motivation that represents an assignment of value or quality to the target resource(s). For example annotating an Annotation to moderate it up in a trust network or threaded discussion." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#motivatedBy /* comment "The relationship between an Annotation and a Motivation, indicating the reasons why the Annotation was created. Each Annotation SHOULD have at least one oa:motivatedBy relationship, and MAY be more than 1." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#motivationScheme /* comment "The concept scheme for Open Annotation Motivations" (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#prefix /* comment "A snippet of text that occurs immediately before the text which is being selected. See oa:TextQuoteSelector." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#questioning /* comment "The motivation that represents asking a question about the target resource(s). For example to ask for assistance with a particular section of text, or question its veracity." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#replying /* comment "The motivation that represents a reply to a previous statement, either an Annotation or another resource. For example providing the assistance requested in the above." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#serializedAt /* comment "The time at which the agent referenced by oa:serializedBy generated the first serialization of the Annotation, and any subsequent substantially different one. The annotation graph MUST have changed for this property to be updated, and as such represents the last modified datestamp for the Annotation. This might be used to determine if it should be re-imported into a triplestore when discovered. There MAY be exactly 1 oa:serializedAt property per Annotation, and MUST NOT be more than 1. The datetime MUST be expressed in the xsd:dateTime format, and SHOULD have a timezone specified. " (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#serializedBy /* comment "The object of the relationship is the agent, likely software, responsible for generating the serialization of the Annotation's serialization. It is RECOMMENDED to use these and other FOAF terms to describe agents: foaf:Person, prov:SoftwareAgent, foaf:Organization, foaf:name, foaf:mbox, foaf:openid, foaf:homepage There MAY be 0 or more oa:serializedBy relationships per Annotation." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#start /* comment "The starting position of the segment of text or bytes. The first character/byte in the full text/stream is position 0. The character/byte indicated at position oa:start is included within the selected segment. See oa:DataPositionSelector and oa:TextPositionSelector." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#styleClass /* comment "The string name of the class used in the CSS description that should be applied to the Specific Resource. There MAY be 0 or more styleClass properties on a Specific Resource. See oa:CssStyle." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#styledBy /* comment "The relationship between a oa:Annotation and a oa:Style. There MAY be 0 or 1 styledBy relationships for each Annotation. If there are multiple Style resources that must be associated with the Annotation, then the use of the Multiplicity Constructs oa:Choice, oa:Composite or oa:List is RECOMMENDED." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#suffix /* comment "The snippet of text that occurs immediately after the text which is being selected. See oa:TextQuoteSelector." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#tagging /* comment "The motivation that represents adding a Tag on the target resource(s). One or more of the bodies of the annotation should be typed as a oa:Tag or oa:SemanticTag." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#when /* comment "The timestamp at which the Source resource should be interpreted for the Annotation, typically the time that the Annotation was created." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#ActivityInfluence /* comment "ActivityInfluence provides additional descriptions of an Activity's binary influence upon any other kind of resource. Instances of ActivityInfluence use the prov:activity property to cite the influencing Activity." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#ActivityInfluence /* comment "It is not recommended that the type ActivityInfluence be asserted without also asserting one of its more specific subclasses." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#AgentInfluence /* comment "AgentInfluence provides additional descriptions of an Agent's binary influence upon any other kind of resource. Instances of AgentInfluence use the prov:agent property to cite the influencing Agent." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#AgentInfluence /* comment "It is not recommended that the type AgentInfluence be asserted without also asserting one of its more specific subclasses." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#Association /* comment "An instance of prov:Association provides additional descriptions about the binary prov:wasAssociatedWith relation from an prov:Activity to some prov:Agent that had some responsiblity for it. For example, :baking prov:wasAssociatedWith :baker; prov:qualifiedAssociation [ a prov:Association; prov:agent :baker; :foo :bar ]." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#Attribution /* comment "An instance of prov:Attribution provides additional descriptions about the binary prov:wasAttributedTo relation from an prov:Entity to some prov:Agent that had some responsible for it. For example, :cake prov:wasAttributedTo :baker; prov:qualifiedAttribution [ a prov:Attribution; prov:entity :baker; :foo :bar ]." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#Bundle /* comment "Note that there are kinds of bundles (e.g. handwritten letters, audio recordings, etc.) that are not expressed in PROV-O, but can be still be described by PROV-O." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#Communication /* comment "An instance of prov:Communication provides additional descriptions about the binary prov:wasInformedBy relation from an informed prov:Activity to the prov:Activity that informed it. For example, :you_jumping_off_bridge prov:wasInformedBy :everyone_else_jumping_off_bridge; prov:qualifiedCommunication [ a prov:Communication; prov:activity :everyone_else_jumping_off_bridge; :foo :bar ]." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#Delegation /* comment "An instance of prov:Delegation provides additional descriptions about the binary prov:actedOnBehalfOf relation from a performing prov:Agent to some prov:Agent for whom it was performed. For example, :mixing prov:wasAssociatedWith :toddler . :toddler prov:actedOnBehalfOf :mother; prov:qualifiedDelegation [ a prov:Delegation; prov:entity :mother; :foo :bar ]." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#Derivation /* comment "An instance of prov:Derivation provides additional descriptions about the binary prov:wasDerivedFrom relation from some derived prov:Entity to another prov:Entity from which it was derived. For example, :chewed_bubble_gum prov:wasDerivedFrom :unwrapped_bubble_gum; prov:qualifiedDerivation [ a prov:Derivation; prov:entity :unwrapped_bubble_gum; :foo :bar ]." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#Derivation /* comment "The more specific forms of prov:Derivation (i.e., prov:Revision, prov:Quotation, prov:PrimarySource) should be asserted if they apply." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#Dictionary /* comment "A given dictionary forms a given structure for its members. A different structure (obtained either by insertion or removal of members) constitutes a different dictionary." () */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#Dictionary /* comment "This concept allows for the provenance of the dictionary, but also of its constituents to be expressed. Such a notion of dictionary corresponds to a wide variety of concrete data structures, such as a maps or associative arrays." () */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#DirectQueryService /* comment "Type for a generic provenance query service. Mainly for use in RDF provenance query service descriptions, to facilitate discovery in linked data environments." () */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#End /* comment "An instance of prov:End provides additional descriptions about the binary prov:wasEndedBy relation from some ended prov:Activity to an prov:Entity that ended it. For example, :ball_game prov:wasEndedBy :buzzer; prov:qualifiedEnd [ a prov:End; prov:entity :buzzer; :foo :bar; prov:atTime '2012-03-09T08:05:08-05:00'^^xsd:dateTime ]." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#EntityInfluence /* comment "EntityInfluence provides additional descriptions of an Entity's binary influence upon any other kind of resource. Instances of EntityInfluence use the prov:entity property to cite the influencing Entity." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#EntityInfluence /* comment "It is not recommended that the type EntityInfluence be asserted without also asserting one of its more specific subclasses." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#Generation /* comment "An instance of prov:Generation provides additional descriptions about the binary prov:wasGeneratedBy relation from a generated prov:Entity to the prov:Activity that generated it. For example, :cake prov:wasGeneratedBy :baking; prov:qualifiedGeneration [ a prov:Generation; prov:activity :baking; :foo :bar ]." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#Influence /* comment "An instance of prov:Influence provides additional descriptions about the binary prov:wasInfluencedBy relation from some influenced Activity, Entity, or Agent to the influencing Activity, Entity, or Agent. For example, :stomach_ache prov:wasInfluencedBy :spoon; prov:qualifiedInfluence [ a prov:Influence; prov:entity :spoon; :foo :bar ] . Because prov:Influence is a broad relation, the more specific relations (Communication, Delegation, End, etc.) should be used when applicable." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#Influence /* comment "Because prov:Influence is a broad relation, its most specific subclasses (e.g. prov:Communication, prov:Delegation, prov:End, prov:Revision, etc.) should be used when applicable." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#InstantaneousEvent /* comment "An instantaneous event, or event for short, happens in the world and marks a change in the world, in its activities and in its entities. The term 'event' is commonly used in process algebra with a similar meaning. Events represent communications or interactions; they are assumed to be atomic and instantaneous." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#Invalidation /* comment "An instance of prov:Invalidation provides additional descriptions about the binary prov:wasInvalidatedBy relation from an invalidated prov:Entity to the prov:Activity that invalidated it. For example, :uncracked_egg prov:wasInvalidatedBy :baking; prov:qualifiedInvalidation [ a prov:Invalidation; prov:activity :baking; :foo :bar ]." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#Plan /* comment "There exist no prescriptive requirement on the nature of plans, their representation, the actions or steps they consist of, or their intended goals. Since plans may evolve over time, it may become necessary to track their provenance, so plans themselves are entities. Representing the plan explicitly in the provenance can be useful for various tasks: for example, to validate the execution as represented in the provenance record, to manage expectation failures, or to provide explanations." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#PrimarySource /* comment "An instance of prov:PrimarySource provides additional descriptions about the binary prov:hadPrimarySource relation from some secondary prov:Entity to an earlier, primary prov:Entity. For example, :blog prov:hadPrimarySource :newsArticle; prov:qualifiedPrimarySource [ a prov:PrimarySource; prov:entity :newsArticle; :foo :bar ] ." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#Quotation /* comment "An instance of prov:Quotation provides additional descriptions about the binary prov:wasQuotedFrom relation from some taken prov:Entity from an earlier, larger prov:Entity. For example, :here_is_looking_at_you_kid prov:wasQuotedFrom :casablanca_script; prov:qualifiedQuotation [ a prov:Quotation; prov:entity :casablanca_script; :foo :bar ]." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#Revision /* comment "An instance of prov:Revision provides additional descriptions about the binary prov:wasRevisionOf relation from some newer prov:Entity to an earlier prov:Entity. For example, :draft_2 prov:wasRevisionOf :draft_1; prov:qualifiedRevision [ a prov:Revision; prov:entity :draft_1; :foo :bar ]." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#ServiceDescription /* comment "Type for a generic provenance query service. Mainly for use in RDF provenance query service descriptions, to facilitate discovery in linked data environments." () */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#Start /* comment "An instance of prov:Start provides additional descriptions about the binary prov:wasStartedBy relation from some started prov:Activity to an prov:Entity that started it. For example, :foot_race prov:wasStartedBy :bang; prov:qualifiedStart [ a prov:Start; prov:entity :bang; :foo :bar; prov:atTime '2012-03-09T08:05:08-05:00'^^xsd:dateTime ] ." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#Usage /* comment "An instance of prov:Usage provides additional descriptions about the binary prov:used relation from some prov:Activity to an prov:Entity that it used. For example, :keynote prov:used :podium; prov:qualifiedUsage [ a prov:Usage; prov:entity :podium; :foo :bar ]." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#actedOnBehalfOf /* comment "An object property to express the accountability of an agent towards another agent. The subordinate agent acted on behalf of the responsible agent in an actual activity. " (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#asInBundle /* comment "prov:asInBundle is used to specify which bundle the general entity of a prov:mentionOf property is described. When :x prov:mentionOf :y and :y is described in Bundle :b, the triple :x prov:asInBundle :b is also asserted to cite the Bundle in which :y was described." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#atLocation /* comment "The Location of any resource." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#atLocation /* comment "This property has multiple RDFS domains to suit multiple OWL Profiles. See <a href="#owl-profile">PROV-O OWL Profile</a>." () */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#atTime /* comment "The time at which an InstantaneousEvent occurred, in the form of xsd:dateTime." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#category /* comment "Classify prov-o terms into three categories, including 'starting-point', 'qualifed', and 'extended'. This classification is used by the prov-o html document to gently introduce prov-o terms to its users. " (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#component /* comment "Classify prov-o terms into six components according to prov-dm, including 'agents-responsibility', 'alternate', 'annotations', 'collections', 'derivations', and 'entities-activities'. This classification is used so that readers of prov-o specification can find its correspondence with the prov-dm specification." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#constraints /* comment "A reference to the principal section of the PROV-CONSTRAINTS document that describes this concept." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#definition /* comment "A definition quoted from PROV-DM or PROV-CONSTRAINTS that describes the concept expressed with this OWL term." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#describesService /* comment "relates a generic provenance query service resource (type prov:ServiceDescription) to a specific query service description (e.g. a prov:DirectQueryService or a sd:Service)." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#dm /* comment "A reference to the principal section of the PROV-DM document that describes this concept." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#editorialNote /* comment "A note by the OWL development team about how this term expresses the PROV-DM concept, or how it should be used in context of semantic web or linked data." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#editorsDefinition /* comment "When the prov-o term does not have a definition drawn from prov-dm, and the prov-o editor provides one." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#endedAtTime /* comment "The time at which an activity ended. See also prov:startedAtTime." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#generatedAtTime /* comment "The time at which an entity was completely created and is available for use." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#hadActivity /* comment "The _optional_ Activity of an Influence, which used, generated, invalidated, or was the responsibility of some Entity. This property is _not_ used by ActivityInfluence (use prov:activity instead)." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#hadActivity /* comment "This property has multiple RDFS domains to suit multiple OWL Profiles. See <a href="#owl-profile">PROV-O OWL Profile</a>." () */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#hadGeneration /* comment "The _optional_ Generation involved in an Entity's Derivation." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#hadPlan /* comment "The _optional_ Plan adopted by an Agent in Association with some Activity. Plan specifications are out of the scope of this specification." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#hadRole /* comment "The _optional_ Role that an Entity assumed in the context of an Activity. For example, :baking prov:used :spoon; prov:qualified [ a prov:Usage; prov:entity :spoon; prov:hadRole roles:mixing_implement ]." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#hadRole /* comment "This property has multiple RDFS domains to suit multiple OWL Profiles. See <a href="#owl-profile">PROV-O OWL Profile</a>." () */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#hadUsage /* comment "The _optional_ Usage involved in an Entity's Derivation." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#has_anchor /* comment "Indicates anchor URI for a potentially dynamic resource instance." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#has_provenance /* comment "Indicates a provenance-URI for a resource; the resource identified by this property presents a provenance record about its subject or anchor resource." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#has_query_service /* comment "Indicates a provenance query service that can access provenance related to its subject or anchor resource." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#influencer /* comment "Subproperties of prov:influencer are used to cite the object of an unqualified PROV-O triple whose predicate is a subproperty of prov:wasInfluencedBy (e.g. prov:used, prov:wasGeneratedBy). prov:influencer is used much like rdf:object is used." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#invalidatedAtTime /* comment "The time at which an entity was invalidated (i.e., no longer usable)." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#inverse /* comment "PROV-O does not define all property inverses. The directionalities defined in PROV-O should be given preference over those not defined. However, if users wish to name the inverse of a PROV-O property, the local name given by prov:inverse should be used." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#mentionOf /* comment "prov:mentionOf is used to specialize an entity as described in another bundle. It is to be used in conjuction with prov:asInBundle. prov:asInBundle is used to cite the Bundle in which the generalization was mentioned." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#n /* comment "A reference to the principal section of the PROV-DM document that describes this concept." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#n /* comment "A reference to the principal section of the PROV-M document that describes this concept." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#order /* comment "The position that this OWL term should be listed within documentation. The scope of the documentation (e.g., among all terms, among terms within a prov:category, among properties applying to a particular class, etc.) is unspecified." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#pingback /* comment "Relates a resource to a provenance pingback service that may receive additional provenance links about the resource." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#provenanceUriTemplate /* comment "Relates a provenance service to a URI template string for constructing provenance-URIs." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#qualifiedAssociation /* comment "If this Activity prov:wasAssociatedWith Agent :ag, then it can qualify the Association using prov:qualifiedAssociation [ a prov:Association; prov:agent :ag; :foo :bar ]." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#qualifiedAttribution /* comment "If this Entity prov:wasAttributedTo Agent :ag, then it can qualify how it was influenced using prov:qualifiedAttribution [ a prov:Attribution; prov:agent :ag; :foo :bar ]." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#qualifiedCommunication /* comment "If this Activity prov:wasInformedBy Activity :a, then it can qualify how it was influenced using prov:qualifiedCommunication [ a prov:Communication; prov:activity :a; :foo :bar ]." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#qualifiedDelegation /* comment "If this Agent prov:actedOnBehalfOf Agent :ag, then it can qualify how with prov:qualifiedResponsibility [ a prov:Responsibility; prov:agent :ag; :foo :bar ]." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#qualifiedDerivation /* comment "If this Entity prov:wasDerivedFrom Entity :e, then it can qualify how it was derived using prov:qualifiedDerivation [ a prov:Derivation; prov:entity :e; :foo :bar ]." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#qualifiedEnd /* comment "If this Activity prov:wasEndedBy Entity :e1, then it can qualify how it was ended using prov:qualifiedEnd [ a prov:End; prov:entity :e1; :foo :bar ]." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#qualifiedForm /* comment "This annotation property links a subproperty of prov:wasInfluencedBy with the subclass of prov:Influence and the qualifying property that are used to qualify it. Example annotation: prov:wasGeneratedBy prov:qualifiedForm prov:qualifiedGeneration, prov:Generation . Then this unqualified assertion: :entity1 prov:wasGeneratedBy :activity1 . can be qualified by adding: :entity1 prov:qualifiedGeneration :entity1Gen . :entity1Gen a prov:Generation, prov:Influence; prov:activity :activity1; :customValue 1337 . Note how the value of the unqualified influence (prov:wasGeneratedBy :activity1) is mirrored as the value of the prov:activity (or prov:entity, or prov:agent) property on the influence class." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#qualifiedGeneration /* comment "If this Activity prov:generated Entity :e, then it can qualify how it performed the Generation using prov:qualifiedGeneration [ a prov:Generation; prov:entity :e; :foo :bar ]." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#qualifiedInfluence /* comment "Because prov:qualifiedInfluence is a broad relation, the more specific relations (qualifiedCommunication, qualifiedDelegation, qualifiedEnd, etc.) should be used when applicable." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#qualifiedInvalidation /* comment "If this Entity prov:wasInvalidatedBy Activity :a, then it can qualify how it was invalidated using prov:qualifiedInvalidation [ a prov:Invalidation; prov:activity :a; :foo :bar ]." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#qualifiedPrimarySource /* comment "If this Entity prov:hadPrimarySource Entity :e, then it can qualify how using prov:qualifiedPrimarySource [ a prov:PrimarySource; prov:entity :e; :foo :bar ]." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#qualifiedQuotation /* comment "If this Entity prov:wasQuotedFrom Entity :e, then it can qualify how using prov:qualifiedQuotation [ a prov:Quotation; prov:entity :e; :foo :bar ]." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#qualifiedRevision /* comment "If this Entity prov:wasRevisionOf Entity :e, then it can qualify how it was revised using prov:qualifiedRevision [ a prov:Revision; prov:entity :e; :foo :bar ]." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#qualifiedStart /* comment "If this Activity prov:wasStartedBy Entity :e1, then it can qualify how it was started using prov:qualifiedStart [ a prov:Start; prov:entity :e1; :foo :bar ]." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#qualifiedUsage /* comment "If this Activity prov:used Entity :e, then it can qualify how it used it using prov:qualifiedUsage [ a prov:Usage; prov:entity :e; :foo :bar ]." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#startedAtTime /* comment "The time at which an activity started. See also prov:endedAtTime." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#unqualifiedForm /* comment "Classes and properties used to qualify relationships are annotated with prov:unqualifiedForm to indicate the property used to assert an unqualified provenance relation." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#used /* comment "A prov:Entity that was used by this prov:Activity. For example, :baking prov:used :spoon, :egg, :oven ." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasAssociatedWith /* comment "An prov:Agent that had some (unspecified) responsibility for the occurrence of this prov:Activity." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasAttributedTo /* comment "Attribution is the ascribing of an entity to an agent." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasDerivedFrom /* comment "The more specific subproperties of prov:wasDerivedFrom (i.e., prov:wasQuotedFrom, prov:wasRevisionOf, prov:hadPrimarySource) should be used when applicable." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasEndedBy /* comment "End is when an activity is deemed to have ended. An end may refer to an entity, known as trigger, that terminated the activity." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasInfluencedBy /* comment "Because prov:wasInfluencedBy is a broad relation, its more specific subproperties (e.g. prov:wasInformedBy, prov:actedOnBehalfOf, prov:wasEndedBy, etc.) should be used when applicable." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasInfluencedBy /* comment "This property has multiple RDFS domains to suit multiple OWL Profiles. See <a href="#owl-profile">PROV-O OWL Profile</a>." () */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasInformedBy /* comment "An activity a2 is dependent on or informed by another activity a1, by way of some unspecified entity that is generated by a1 and used by a2." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasQuotedFrom /* comment "An entity is derived from an original entity by copying, or 'quoting', some or all of it." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasRevisionOf /* comment "A revision is a derivation that revises an entity into a revised version." (en) */
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasStartedBy /* comment "Start is when an activity is deemed to have started. A start may refer to an entity, known as trigger, that initiated the activity." (en) */
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/Agent /* comment "An agent (eg. person, group, software or physical artifact)." () */
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/Document /* comment "A document." () */
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/Group /* comment "A class of Agents." () */
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/Image /* comment "An image." () */
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/LabelProperty /* comment "A foaf:LabelProperty is any RDF property with texual values that serve as labels." () */
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/OnlineAccount /* comment "An online account." () */
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/OnlineChatAccount /* comment "An online chat account." () */
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/OnlineEcommerceAccount /* comment "An online e-commerce account." () */
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/OnlineGamingAccount /* comment "An online gaming account." () */
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/Organization /* comment "An organization." () */
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/Person /* comment "A person." () */
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/PersonalProfileDocument /* comment "A personal profile RDF document." () */
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/Project /* comment "A project (a collective endeavour of some kind)." () */
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/account /* comment "Indicates an account held by this agent." () */
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/accountName /* comment "Indicates the name (identifier) associated with this online account." () */
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/accountServiceHomepage /* comment "Indicates a homepage of the service provide for this online account." () */
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/age /* comment "The age in years of some agent." () */
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/aimChatID /* comment "An AIM chat ID" () */
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/based_near /* comment "A location that something is based near, for some broadly human notion of near." () */
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/birthday /* comment "The birthday of this Agent, represented in mm-dd string form, eg. '12-31'." () */
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/currentProject /* comment "A current project this person works on." () */
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/depiction /* comment "A depiction of some thing." () */
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/depicts /* comment "A thing depicted in this representation." () */
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/dnaChecksum /* comment "A checksum for the DNA of some thing. Joke." () */
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/familyName /* comment "The family name of some person." () */
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/family_name /* comment "The family name of some person." () */
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/firstName /* comment "The first name of a person." () */
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/focus /* comment "The underlying or 'focal' entity associated with some SKOS-described concept." () */
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/fundedBy /* comment "An organization funding a project or person." () */
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/geekcode /* comment "A textual geekcode for this person, see http://www.geekcode.com/geek.html" () */
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/gender /* comment "The gender of this Agent (typically but not necessarily 'male' or 'female')." () */
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/givenName /* comment "The given name of some person." () */
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/givenname /* comment "The given name of some person." () */
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/holdsAccount /* comment "Indicates an account held by this agent." () */
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/homepage /* comment "A homepage for some thing." () */
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/icqChatID /* comment "An ICQ chat ID" () */
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/img /* comment "An image that can be used to represent some thing (ie. those depictions which are particularly representative of something, eg. one's photo on a homepage)." () */
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/interest /* comment "A page about a topic of interest to this person." () */
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/isPrimaryTopicOf /* comment "A document that this thing is the primary topic of." () */
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/jabberID /* comment "A jabber ID for something." () */
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows /* comment "A person known by this person (indicating some level of reciprocated interaction between the parties)." () */
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/lastName /* comment "The last name of a person." () */
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/logo /* comment "A logo representing some thing." () */
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/made /* comment "Something that was made by this agent." () */
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/maker /* comment "An agent that made this thing." () */
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/mbox /* comment "A personal mailbox, ie. an Internet mailbox associated with exactly one owner, the first owner of this mailbox. This is a 'static inverse functional property', in that there is (across time and change) at most one individual that ever has any particular value for foaf:mbox." () */
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/mbox_sha1sum /* comment "The sha1sum of the URI of an Internet mailbox associated with exactly one owner, the first owner of the mailbox." () */
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/member /* comment "Indicates a member of a Group" () */
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/membershipClass /* comment "Indicates the class of individuals that are a member of a Group" () */
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/msnChatID /* comment "An MSN chat ID" () */
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/myersBriggs /* comment "A Myers Briggs (MBTI) personality classification." () */
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name /* comment "A name for some thing." () */
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/nick /* comment "A short informal nickname characterising an agent (includes login identifiers, IRC and other chat nicknames)." () */
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/openid /* comment "An OpenID for an Agent." () */
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/page /* comment "A page or document about this thing." () */
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/pastProject /* comment "A project this person has previously worked on." () */
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/phone /* comment "A phone, specified using fully qualified tel: URI scheme (refs: http://www.w3.org/Addressing/schemes.html#tel)." () */
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/plan /* comment "A .plan comment, in the tradition of finger and '.plan' files." () */
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/primaryTopic /* comment "The primary topic of some page or document." () */
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/publications /* comment "A link to the publications of this person." () */
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/schoolHomepage /* comment "A homepage of a school attended by the person." () */
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/sha1 /* comment "A sha1sum hash, in hex." () */
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/skypeID /* comment "A Skype ID" () */
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/status /* comment "A string expressing what the user is happy for the general public (normally) to know about their current activity." () */
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/surname /* comment "The surname of some person." () */
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/theme /* comment "A theme." () */
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/thumbnail /* comment "A derived thumbnail image." () */
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/tipjar /* comment "A tipjar document for this agent, describing means for payment and reward." () */
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/title /* comment "Title (Mr, Mrs, Ms, Dr. etc)" () */
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/topic /* comment "A topic of some page or document." () */
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/topic_interest /* comment "A thing of interest to this person." () */
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/weblog /* comment "A weblog of some thing (whether person, group, company etc.)." () */
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/workInfoHomepage /* comment "A work info homepage of some person; a page about their work for some organization." () */
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/workplaceHomepage /* comment "A workplace homepage of some person; the homepage of an organization they work for." () */
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/yahooChatID /* comment "A Yahoo chat ID" () */

Annotation Property: comment

http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment

Annotations (3)

Usage (747)